Leerdil
Lardil
tangkico (gruppo tangkico-pama)
Il lardil è una lingua della famiglia tangkica parlata sull'Isola di Mornington, nel Queensland; oggi è praticamente dormiente (1-2 parlanti fluenti). In linguistica è celebre come lingua-ospite del damin — registro cerimoniale segreto maschile che contiene consonanti click, le uniche documentate in tutta la famiglia delle lingue indigene australiane. Il lavoro sul campo di Ken Hale negli anni 1960-80 e il Dizionario lardil di Ngakulmungan Kangka Leman (1996) ne costituiscono la documentazione principale.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in lardil
Fonti
- Ngakulmungan Kangka Leman (1996) Lardil Dictionary
- Hale (1973) "Deep-surface canonical disparities in relation to analysis and change: an Australian example" — and later work on Damin
- Klokeid (1976) Topics in Lardil Grammar (MIT PhD thesis)
- Glottolog: Lardil (lard1248)
- Ethnologue: lbz
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: tangkico (gruppo tangkico-pama)
| Significato | Lardil | Yangkaal | Nhanda | Warlpiri | Martu wangka | Adnyamathanha | Walmajarri |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | nguka /ŋuka/ | nguku /ŋuku/ | kapi /kapi/ | ngapa /ŋapa/ | kapi /kapi/ | awi /awi/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ |
| Fuoco | nyuda /ɲuda/ | ngida /ŋida/ | warla /waɻla/ | warlu /waɭu/ | waru /waɻu/ | ardrla /aʈɭa/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ |
| Sole | warrka /waɾka/ | warrku /waɾku/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ | wanta /wanta/ | jirntu /ciɳʈu/ | yurnrdu /juɳʈu/ | purangu /puɻaŋu/ |
| Luna | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | waldarra /waldaɾa/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ | kirntangi /kiɳʈaŋi/ | panyalpa /paɲalpa/ | viRa /viɹa/ | yakarn /jakaɳ/ |
| Stella | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | miburlda thungalda /mibuɭda t̪uŋalda/ | indiya /indija/ | yanjilypiri /jaɲɟiʎpiɻi/ | kurtalya /kuʈaʎa/ | vurdli /vuʈli/ | wirl /wiɭ/ |
| Notte | nata /nata/ | ngimi /ŋimi/ | maru /maru/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | wilydya /wiʎca/ | pukanya /pukaɲa/ |
| Madre | ngama /ŋama/ | ngamathu /ŋamat̪u/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ | ngati /ŋati/ | yipi /jipi/ | ngami /ŋami/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ |
| Padre | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | kanthathu /kant̪at̪u/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ | kirda /kiɖa/ | mama /mama/ | vapi /vapi/ | ngarpu /ŋaɻpu/ |
| Io | ngada /ŋada/ | ngada /ŋada/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ |
| Tu | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | nyingka /ɲiŋka/ | nyini /ɲini/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nhina /n̪ina/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| Noi | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | ngakulda / ngalda /ŋakulda / ŋalda/ | ngayinu /ŋajinu/ | ngalipa / nganimpa /ŋalipa / ŋanimpa/ | — /—/ | ngarlpurla /ŋaɭpuɭa/ | ngalimpa / nganimpa /ŋalimpa / ŋanimpa/ |
| Nome | nyunda /ɲunda/ | nida /nida/ | yini /jini/ | yirdi /jiɖi/ | yini /jini/ | mityi /mici/ | yini /jini/ |
| Occhio | kuwa /kuwa/ | miburlda /mibuɭda/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | milpa /milpa/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mina /mina/ | mil /mil/ |
| Dente | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | damanda /damanda/ | idaji /idadʒi/ | kartirdi /kaʈiɖi/ | yirra /jira/ | ira /iɾa/ | lirra /lira/ |
| Lingua | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | jalngantha /ɟalŋant̪a/ | thalanyu /t̪alaɲu/ | jalanypa /ɟalaɲpa/ | jarlinypa /caɭiɲpa/ | yarli /jaɭi/ | jalany /ɟalaɲ/ |
| Mano | marlda /maɭda/ | — /—/ | mara /maɻa/ | rdaka /ɖaka/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɾa/ | kurrapa /kurapa/ |
| Piede | jaa /dʒaː/ | — | yina /jina/ | wirliya /wiɭija/ | jina /cina/ | idna /idna/ | jina /ˈɟina/ |
| Cuore | bulja /buldʒa/ | — /—/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ | rduku-rduku /ɖukuɖuku/ | kurturtu /kuʈuʈu/ | yurlk-aka /juɭkaka/ | turlpu /ˈtuɭpu/ |
| Osso | kadma /kadma/ | julda /ɟulda/ | mambu /mambu/ | larrpa /laɾpa/ | tarrka /tarka/ | warlpu /waɭpu/ | kiji /kiɟi/ |
| Sangue | kanda /kanda/ | kandu /kandu/ | nguba /ŋuba/ | yalyu /jaʎu/ | miji /miɟi/ | arti /aʈi/ | nungu /nuŋu/ |
| Amore | — /—/ | — /—/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ | yulkami /julkami/ | mukulyu /mukuʎu/ | ngadha-pa- /ŋat̪apa/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | thungal /θuŋal/ | — /—/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ | watiya /watija/ | warta /waʈa/ | wirti /wiʈi/ | mana /mana/ |
| Cane | ngawa /ŋawa/ | — /—/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ | jarntu /ɟaɳʈu/ | papa /papa/ | wirlka /wiɭka/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ |
| Gatto | — /—/ | — /—/ | paka /paka/ | mungalpa /muŋalpa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | miyawu /mijawu/ |
| Pesce | yaka /jaka/ | yakuri /jakuɾi/ | wiitya /wiːca/ | yawu /jawu/ | yurta /juʈa/ | varru /varu/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Casa | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | — /—/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ | yuwarli /juwaɭi/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | wardrli /waʈɭi/ | mayaru /majaɻu/ |
| Mangiare | jitha /dʒiθa/ | — /—/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ | ngarni /ŋaɳi/ | ngalku- /ŋalku/ | ngarlku- /ŋaɭku/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Bere | kurdama /kuɖama/ | — /—/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ | purrami /puɾami/ | jikirnu /cikiɳu/ | yapa- /japa/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Uno | warnge /waɾŋe/ | — /—/ | kuyu /kuju/ | jinta /ɟinta/ | kuju /kucu/ | ubmanaka /upmanaka/ | layi /laji/ |
| Due | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | kiyarrngka /kijaɾŋka/ | wuthada /wut̪ada/ | jirrama /ɟiɾama/ | kujarra /kucara/ | alypilhanha /aʎpil̪an̪a/ | kurriny /kuriɲ/ |
| Tre | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | — /—/ | marnngurdu /maɳŋuɖu/ | jirrama-kari-jinta /ɟiɾamakaɾiɟinta/ | yurri /juri/ | urlpa-rrina /uɭparina/ | mungkartu /muŋkaʈu/ |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | kuba /kuba/ | — /—/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ | ngurrju /ŋuɾɟu/ | palya /paʎa/ | warnrdu /waɳʈu/ | wulyu /wuʎu/ |
| Rosso | kandukan /kandukan/ | kandukandu /kandukandu/ | marniwidi /maɳiwidi/ | yalyu-yalyu /jaʎujaʎu/ | miji-miji /miɟimiɟi/ | yalhdhatyi /jal̪t̪aci/ | ngirljarti /ŋiɭɟaʈi/ |
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