Bɔrɔ
Kibororo
Makro-Jê (tawi la Bororo)
Kibororo (Boe Wadáru) ndiyo lugha pekee iliyosalia ya familia ya Bororo, ambayo mara nyingi hupendekezwa kuwa sehemu ya kundi pana la Macro-Jê. Inazungumzwa na takriban Wabororo 1,000–1,500 katika maeneo na vijiji kadhaa vya wenyeji asilia katika Mato Grosso, Brazil. Kibororo kina uwekaji-alama mwingi wa nafsi, mabadiliko ya konsonanti mwanzoni mwa mzizi na hasa mpangilio wa kiima–yambwa–kitenzi; huandikwa kwa tahajia inayotegemea alfabeti ya Kilatini. Wanakabila wengi bado wanazungumza lugha hii na watoto wengi hujifunza, lakini matumizi ya Kireno yanaongezeka, hasa miongoni mwa vijana na katika baadhi ya makazi. Kwa hiyo Glottolog huainisha Kibororo kuwa lugha iliyo hatarini na inayopitia uhamaji wa lugha, wala si lugha iliyotoweka.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kibororo
Vyanzo
- Ferraz Gerardi, Fabrício & Tiago Tresoldi. 2023. Lexical Database of Bororoan, v0.9.5 (CLDF; Bororo forms from Crowell 1979 and Nonato 2008)
- Pao Kurireu Bataru Kurireu (Bororo Bible), bible.com version 2518
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Makro-Jê (tawi la Bororo)
| Maana | Kibororo | Kipemón | Kikarib | Lugha ya Akawaio | Kikabuverdianu | Kiladino cha Kiyahudi | Kiembu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | pobo /pobo/ | tuna /tuna/ | tuna /tuna/ | tuna /tuna/ | agu /aɡu/ | agua /aɣwa/ | manjĩ /maɲdʒe/ |
| Moto | joru /dʒoɾu/ | apok /apok/ | wàto /wahto/ | apok /apok/ | fogu /foɡu/ | fuego /fweɣo/ | mwaki /mwaki/ |
| Jua | meri /meɾi/ | wei /wei/ | weju /weju/ | wïi /wɨi/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | riũa /ɾioa/ |
| Mwezi | ari /aɾi/ | kapüi /kapɨi/ | nuno /nuno/ | kapïi /kapɨi/ | lua /lua/ | luna /luna/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ |
| Nyota | kuieje /kuiedʒe/ | chirikö /tʃiɾikə/ | siriko /siɾiko/ | sirikɨ /siɾikɨ/ | strela /ˈstɾelɐ/ | estreya /esˈtɾeja/ | njata /ɲdʒata/ |
| Usiku | boečo /boetʃo/ | ewaron /ewaɾon/ | koko /koko/ | ewarupɨ /ewaɾupɨ/ | noti /ˈnoti/ | noche /ˈnotʃe/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ |
| Mvua | bubutu /bubutu/ | konok /konok/ | konopo /konopo/ | — | txuba /ˈtʃubɐ/ | luvia /luvja/ | mbura /mbura/ |
| Upepo | bakuru /bakuɾu/ | aʼchitun /aʔtʃitun/ | pepeito /pepeito/ | aʼsetun /aʔsetun/ | bentu /ˈbentu/ | viento /ˈvjento/ | rũkũngi /ɾokoŋɡi/ |
| Udongo | moto /moto/ | non /non/ | nono /nono/ | non /non/ | téra /tera/ | tierra /tjera/ | mũthetu /moðɛtu/ |
| Jiwe | tori /toɾi/ | ötök /ətək/ | topu /topu/ | tɨʼ /tɨʔ/ | pedra /ˈpɛdɾɐ/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | ĩthiga /eðiɡa/ |
| Mlima | tori kurireu /toɾi kuɾiɾew/ | wük /wɨk/ | wypy /wɨpɨ/ | wïʼ /wɨʔ/ | monti /ˈmõti/ | montanya /monˈtaɲa/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ |
| Bahari | pobo maereu /pobo maeɾew/ | — | parana /paɾana/ | parau /paɾau/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | ĩria /eɾia/ |
| Mama | muga /mɨɡa/ | mamã /mamɑ̃/ | sano /sano/ | saŋ /saŋ/ | mai /maj/ | madre /madɾe/ | nyanya /ɲaɲa/ |
| Baba | iogwa /ioɡwa/ | papai /papai/ | papa /papa/ | papai /papai/ | pai /paj/ | padre /padɾe/ | vava /βaβa/ |
| Binti | onaregody aredy /onaɾeɡodɨ aɾedɨ/ | ensi /ensi/ | emyiry /emɨiɾɨ/ | ensi /ensi/ | fidja /ˈfidʒɐ/ | ija /iʒa/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ |
| Mimi | imi /imi/ | yuurö /juːɾə/ | au /au/ | urɨ /uɾɨ/ | mi /mi/ | yo /jo/ | nie /niɛ/ |
| Wewe | aki /aki/ | amörö /aməɾə/ | amoro /amoɾo/ | amɨrɨ /amɨɾɨ/ | bu /bu/ | tu /tu/ | we /wɛ/ |
| Sisi | pagi / cegi /paɡi / tʃeɡi/ | urönokon / ina /uɾənokon / ina/ | kʉʼkaron / naʼna /kəʔkaɾon / naʔna/ | urɨʼnokon / ina /uɾɨʔnokon / ina/ | nos /nɔs/ | mozotros /moˈzotros/ | tue /tuɛ/ |
| Jina | ie /ie/ | itesek /itesek/ | eeti /eːti/ | eseʼ /eseʔ/ | nómi /ˈnɔmi/ | nombre /ˈnombɾe/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ |
| Kichwa | ao /ao/ | pupai /pupai/ | upuʼpo /upuʔpo/ | puʼpai /puʔpai/ | kabésa /kaˈbɛsɐ/ | kavesa /kaˈvesa/ | kĩongo /keɔŋɡɔ/ |
| Jicho | joku /dʒoku/ | enu /enu/ | enu /enu/ | enu /enu/ | odju /odʒu/ | ojo /oʒo/ | riitho /ɾiːðɔ/ |
| Sikio | bija /bidʒa/ | pana /pana/ | panari /panari/ | pana /pana/ | oredja /oˈɾedʒɐ/ | oreja /oˈɾeʒa/ | gũtũ /ɡoto/ |
| Pua | eno /eno/ | yeuna /jeuna/ | anàta /anahta/ | enna /enna/ | naris /naˈɾis/ | nariz /naˈɾiz/ | ĩniũrũ /enioɾo/ |
| Jino | o /o/ | ye /je/ | yerï /jelə/ | ɨ /ɨ/ | denti /ˈdenti/ | diente /ˈdjente/ | ĩgego /eɡɛɡɔ/ |
| Ulimi | eru /eɾu/ | unu /unu/ | nuru /nuɾu/ | ani /ani/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | rũrĩmĩ /roɾeme/ |
| Mkono | kera /keɾa/ | yenna /jenːa/ | aina /aina/ | emiyaʼ /emijaʔ/ | mon /mɔ̃/ | mano /mano/ | kĩvoko /keβɔkɔ/ |
| Mguu | ewure /ewɨɾe/ | pʉta /pɨta/ | pupu /pupu/ | pïta /pɨta/ | pé /pɛ/ | pie /pje/ | kũgũrũ /koɡoro/ |
| Moyo | bapo /bapo/ | sïköpoka /sikəpoka/ | emanga /emaŋɡa/ | ewan /ewan/ | korason /korasɔ̃/ | korasón /koɾason/ | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ |
| Mfupa | ra /ɾa/ | epʉ /epɨ/ | yepo /jepo/ | eʼpï /eʔpɨ/ | ósu /ˈɔsu/ | gueso /ˈɡweso/ | ĩvĩndĩ /evende/ |
| Damu | ku /ku/ | mün /mɨn/ | mʉnʉ /mənə/ | mïn /mɨn/ | sangi /ˈsɐ̃ɡi/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ | nthakame /nðakamɛ/ |
| Kinyesi | pe /pe/ | watö /watə/ | — | — | kaka /ˈkakɐ/ | kaka /ˈkaka/ | — |
| Upendo | — /—/ | kemenü /kemenɨ/ | kataneko /kataneko/ | — /—/ | amor /amor/ | amor /amoɾ/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ |
| Mti | i /i/ | yöi /jəi/ | wewe /wewe/ | yïi /jɨi/ | arvi /arvi/ | árvol /aɾvol/ | mũtĩ /mote/ |
| Mbwa | arigao /aɾiɡao/ | arimaraka /aɾimaɾaka/ | pero /peɾo/ | pero /peɾo/ | katxor /katʃɔr/ | perro /pero/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ |
| Paka | gato /ɡato/ | pichana /pitʃana/ | meu /meu/ | — /—/ | gatu /ɡatu/ | gato /ɡato/ | nyau /ɲau/ |
| Samaki | karo /kaɾo/ | morok /moɾok/ | woto /woto/ | moro /moɾo/ | pexi /ˈpeʃi/ | peshe /ˈpeʃe/ | nthamaki /nðamaki/ |
| Ndege | kiogo /kioɡo/ | toron /toɾon/ | tonoro /tonoɾo/ | toron /toɾon/ | pásaru /pasaɾu/ | pásharo /paʃaɾo/ | gĩconi /ɡetʃɔni/ |
| Kipepeo | baragadu /baɾaɡadu/ | wakau /wakau/ | palanpalan /palanpalan/ | wagau /waɡau/ | borboléta /boɾboˈlɛtɐ/ | papiyon /papiˈjon/ | — |
| Yai | ba /ba/ | pumoi /pumoi/ | iʼmo /iʔmo/ | pïmoi /pɨmoi/ | ovu /ˈovu/ | guevo /ˈɡwevo/ | ĩtumbĩ /etumbe/ |
| Farasi | kuwaru /kuwaɾu/ | kaware /kawaɾe/ | kaware /kawaɾe/ | kaware /kawaɾe/ | kabalu /kaˈbalu/ | kavayo /kaˈvajo/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ |
| Nyumba | bai /bai/ | tapüi /tapɨi/ | paty /pati/ | — /—/ | kaza /kaza/ | kaza /kaza/ | nyomba /ɲɔmba/ |
| Maziwa | mokuru kuru /mokuɾu kuɾu/ | — | manaty aikuru /manatɨ aikuɾu/ | — | leti /ˈleti/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | ĩriia /eɾiːa/ |
| Asali | meiawe eweguru /meiawe eweɡuɾu/ | wan /wan/ | wano /wano/ | teusan /teusan/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ | ũũkĩ /oːke/ |
| Chumvi | sal /sal/ | inönek /inənek/ | wajo /wajo/ | waiyo /waijo/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ |
| Mvinyo | vinho /ˈviɲu/ | vino /bino/ | winu /winu/ | waain /waːin/ | vinhu /ˈviɲu/ | vino /ˈvino/ | ndivei /ndiβei/ |
| Chuma | meriri /meɾiɾi/ | ipotü /ipotɨ/ | siparari /sipaɾaɾi/ | waʼka pun /waʔka pun/ | féru /ˈfɛɾu/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | cuma /tʃuma/ |
| Kitabu | bapera /bapeɾa/ | — | kareta /kaɾeta/ | kareta /kaɾeta/ | livru /ˈlivɾu/ | livro /ˈlivɾo/ | ĩvuku /evuku/ |
| Kula | ko /ko/ | manepotaro /manepotaɾo/ | onökö /onøkø/ | — /—/ | kume /kume/ | komer /komeɾ/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ |
| Kunywa | kudu /kudɨ/ | atü /atɨ/ | ëne /ɘne/ | ensi /ensi/ | bebe /bebe/ | bever /beveɾ/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ |
| Kulala | nudu /nudu/ | — | ònyky /ohnɨkɨ/ | — | durmi /ˈduɾmi/ | durmir /durˈmir/ | kũmama /komama/ |
| Moja | mito /mito/ | taukin /taukin/ | o:wi /oːwi/ | tikin /tikin/ | un /un/ | uno /uno/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ |
| Mbili | pobe /pobe/ | saköne /sakəne/ | oko /oko/ | asaʼrɨ /asaʔɾɨ/ | dos /dos/ | dos /dos/ | igĩrĩ /iɡeɾe/ |
| Tatu | pobe metia bokware /pobe metia bokwaɾe/ | eseurau /eseuɾau/ | oruwa /oɾuwa/ | osorïwau /osoɾɨwau/ | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | ithatũ /iðato/ |
| Nne | pobe puibiji /pobe puibidʒi/ | saköröroʼne /sakəɾəɾoʔne/ | okupaen /okupaen/ | — | kuatru /ˈkwatru/ | kuatro /ˈkwatɾo/ | inya /iɲa/ |
| Tano | ikera aboudure /ikeɾa abowduɾe/ | — | ainatone /ainatone/ | — | sinku /ˈsiŋku/ | sinko /ˈsiŋko/ | ithano /iðanɔ/ |
| Mia | cem /sẽj̃/ | — | ainatone-kariʼna /ainatone kaɾiʔna/ | — | sen /sen/ | sien /sjen/ | ĩgana /eɡana/ |
| Habari | are /aɾe/ | apî /api/ | mary /maɾi/ | kapon /kapon/ | ola /ɔla/ | shalom /ʃalom/ | wĩ mwaro /we mwaɾɔ/ |
| Asante | iya /ija/ | waküpe man /wakɨpe man/ | irombo /iɾombo/ | tenki /tenki/ | obrigadu /obriɡadu/ | grasias /ɡɾasjas/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | pemegareu /pemeɡaɾew/ | mïratö /miɾatə/ | epoja /epoja/ | wagï /waɡɨ/ | bon /bɔ̃/ | bueno /bweno/ | mwaro /mwaɾɔ/ |
| Mpya | maiwu /maiwu/ | amennak /amenːak/ | asery /aseɾɨ/ | emennaʼ /emennaʔ/ | novu /ˈnovu/ | muevo /ˈmwevo/ | gĩcerũ /ɡetʃɛɾo/ |
| Nyekundu | kujagureu /kuʒaɡuɾew/ | suweyu /suweju/ | tapyre /tapɨɾe/ | suweyu /suweju/ | burmedju /buɾˈmɛdʒu/ | kolorado /koloˈɾado/ | ndune /ndunɛ/ |
| Nyeupe | kigadureu /kiɡaduɾew/ | aimutun /aimutun/ | tamuʼne /tamuʔne/ | aimuʼnan /aimuʔnan/ | branku /ˈbɾɐ̃ku/ | blanko /ˈblaŋko/ | njerũ /ndʒɛɾo/ |
| Kijani | kaworureu /kawoɾuɾew/ | rorape /ɾoɾape/ | — | — | verdi /ˈveɾdi/ | vedre /ˈveðɾe/ | — |
| Buluu | kaworu /kawoɾu/ | — | tupulu /tupulu/ | — | azul /aˈzul/ | mavi /maˈvi/ | vururu /βuɾuɾu/ |
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