Shuar Chicham
Kishuar
Jivaroan
Shuar (Shuar Chicham) ndiyo lugha kuu ya familia ya Kijivaro, inayozungumzwa na watu wa Shuar wa Amazoni ya Ekwado na Peru. Kihistoria ilipata umaarufu mbaya katika anthropolojia ya Kimagharibi kwa sababu ya desturi ya tsantsa (vichwa vilivyofinywa) — tambiko la mazishi ambalo sasa limekoma na lililopotoshwa sana katika fasihi za safari za karne ya 19-20. Shirikisho la Shuar (1964) lilikuwa shirika la mwanzo la haki za wenyeji. Inahusiana kwa karibu na Awajún (Aguaruna) na Achuar ndani ya familia ya Kijivaro. Matumizi hai baina ya vizazi; programu za elimu ya lugha mbili kwa Kihispania na Shuar kote Ekwado.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kishuar
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Jivaroan
| Maana | Kishuar | Kiachuar | Kiawajun | Kibemba | Kijaqaru | Kiwixarika | Kisena |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | amenshi /amenʃi/ | uma /uma/ | ha /ha/ | madzi /madzi/ |
| Moto | ji /hi/ | ji /hi/ | jii /hiː/ | umulilo /umulilo/ | nina /nina/ | tai /tai/ | moto /moto/ |
| Jua | etsa /etsa/ | etsa /etsa/ | etsá /ɨtsá/ | akasuba /akasuba/ | inti /inti/ | tau /tau/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ |
| Mwezi | nantu /nantu/ | nantu /nantu/ | nántu /nántu/ | umweshi /umweʃi/ | paxshi /paχʃi/ | metsa /metsa/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ |
| Nyota | yaa /jaː/ | yaa /jaː/ | yaya /jaja/ | intanda /intanda/ | waraxa /waɾaχa/ | xurawe /ʃuˈrawe/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ |
| Usiku | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | ubushiku /ubuʃiku/ | aruma /aruma/ | tikari /tikari/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| Mvua | yumi /jumi/ | — | yumi /jumi/ | imfula /imˈfula/ | jallu /haʎu/ | wiyeri /wijeri/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| Upepo | nase /nase/ | nase /nase/ | dase /dasɨ/ | umwela /umwela/ | wawya /wawja/ | ʼeeka /ʔeːka/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ |
| Udongo | nunka /nuŋka/ | nungka /nuŋka/ | nugka /nuɡka/ | umushili /umuʃili/ | — | kwie /kʷie/ | mataka /mataka/ |
| Jiwe | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | ibwe /iˈbwe/ | qala /qala/ | tete /tete/ | mwala /mwala/ |
| Mlima | náint /naint/ | mura /muɾa/ | nain /nain/ | ulupili /ulupili/ | qaaqa /qaːqa/ | yemuri /jemuri/ | phiri /pʰiri/ |
| Bahari | nayaants /najaants/ | juun entsa /huːn entsa/ | nayants /najants/ | bemba /bemba/ | — | haramara /haramara/ | bara /bara/ |
| Mama | nukur /nukuɾ/ | nukur /nukuɾ/ | dukú /dukú/ | bamayo /bamajo/ | mama /mama/ | nana /nana/ | mai /mai/ |
| Baba | apar /apaɾ/ | apar /apaɾ/ | apá /apá/ | bataata /bataːta/ | awki /awki/ | yawe /jawe/ | baba /baba/ |
| Binti | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | nawan /nawan/ | umwana mwanakashi /umwana mwanakaʃi/ | — | — | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ |
| Mimi | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | ine /ine/ | na /na/ | nee /neː/ | ine /ine/ |
| Wewe | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | amé /amé/ | iwe /iwe/ | juma /huma/ | eekɨ /ˈeːkɨ/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Sisi | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | jiwsa /hiwsa/ | tame /ˈtame/ | ife /ife/ |
| Jina | naari /naːɾi/ | naari /naːɾi/ | daaji /daːhi/ | ishina /iʃina/ | shutyi /ʃuci/ | tewa /ˈtewa/ | dzina /dzina/ |
| Mtu | aents /aents/ | aints /aints/ | aents /aɨnts/ | umuntu /umuntu/ | jaqi /haqi/ | tewi /tewi/ | munthu /muntʰu/ |
| Kichwa | muuk /muːk/ | muuk /muːk/ | buuk /buːk/ | umutwe /umutwe/ | nampʼa /nampʼa/ | muʼú /muˈʔu/ | nsolo /nsolo/ |
| Jicho | jii /hiː/ | jii /hiː/ | jíi /híː/ | ilinso /ilinso/ | nayra /najɾa/ | tukite /tukite/ | diso /diso/ |
| Sikio | kuish /kwiʃ/ | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | ukutwi /ukutwi/ | jinchu /hintʃu/ | naka /naka/ | khutu /kʰutu/ |
| Pua | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | umona /umona/ | nasa /nasa/ | tsuri /tsuɾi/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ |
| Mdomo | wene /wene/ | wene /wene/ | wenu /wɨnu/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | — | téni /teni/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ |
| Jino | nai /nai/ | nai /nai/ | dai /dai/ | ilino /ilino/ | shimi /ʃimi/ | tame /tame/ | dzino /dzino/ |
| Ulimi | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | ululimi /ululimi/ | naxra /naχra/ | neni /neni/ | lirimi /lirimi/ |
| Mkono | uwej /uweh/ | uwej /uweh/ | uwéj /uwéh/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | mama /mama/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Mguu | nawe /nawe/ | nawe /nawe/ | dawe /dawɨ/ | ulukasa /ulukasa/ | kayu /kaju/ | keta /keta/ | mwendo /mwendo/ |
| Moyo | enentai /enentai/ | enentai /enentai/ | anéntai /anɨ́ntai/ | umutima /umutima/ | kurasunha /kuɾasunha/ | iyari /ijari/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Mfupa | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ifupa /ifupa/ | tsʼaaka /tsʼaːka/ | ume /ume/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ |
| Damu | numpa /numpã/ | numpa /numpã/ | numpa /numpa/ | umulopa /umulopa/ | wila /wila/ | xuriya /ʃuɾija/ | malopa /malopa/ |
| Kinyesi | íjia /ˈihia/ | ija /iha/ | ija /iha/ | amafi /amafi/ | — | kwita /kʷita/ | matubzwi /matubzwi/ |
| Upendo | anentaiti /anentaiti/ | anentin /anentin/ | wakejut /wakɨhut/ | ukutemwa /ukutemwa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | kanenki /kanenki/ | kufuna /kufuna/ |
| Mti | numi /numi/ | numi /numi/ | númi /númi/ | icimuti /itʃimuti/ | arbuli /aɾbuli/ | kiyé /kije/ | muti /muti/ |
| Mbwa | yawá /jaˈwa/ | yawa /jawa/ | yawá /jawá/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | hallqʼu /haʎqʼu/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Paka | míchik /ˈmitʃik/ | micha /mitʃa/ | bishu /biʃu/ | pushi /puʃi/ | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | mitsu /mitsu/ | paka /paka/ |
| Samaki | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | isabi /isabi/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | kesi /kesi/ | omba /omba/ |
| Ndege | chinki /tʃiŋki/ | chingki /tʃiŋki/ | pishak /piʃak/ | icuni /itʃuni/ | chʼipi /tʃʼipi/ | wiki /wiki/ | mbalame /mbalame/ |
| Kipepeo | wámpishuk /ˈwampiʃuk/ | shimpiampu /ʃimpiampu/ | wámpishuk /wámpiʃuk/ | icipelebesha /itʃipelebeːʃa/ | — | kipï /kipɨ/ | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ |
| Yai | nujint /nuhint/ | nujin /nuhin/ | nujín /nuˈhin/ | ilini /ilini/ | nuru /nuɾu/ | tawári /taˈwaɾi/ | dzai /dzai/ |
| Dubu | chai /tʃai/ | chayu /tʃaju/ | chayú /tʃajú/ | bea /bea/ | — | hutse /hutse/ | urusu /urusu/ |
| Farasi | kawai /kawai/ | kawai /kawai/ | kawayu /kawaju/ | kabalwe /kabalwe/ | — | kawayu /kawaju/ | kavalo /kavalo/ |
| Nyumba | jea /hea/ | jea /hea/ | jega /hɨɡa/ | ingʼanda /iŋːanda/ | uta /uta/ | ki /ki/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Maziwa | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | umukaka /umukaka/ | — | retsi /ɾetsi/ | nkaka /nkaka/ |
| Asali | chinij /tʃinih/ | wapasa yumiri /wapasa jumiɾi/ | dapa yumiji /dapa jumihi/ | ubuci /ubutʃi/ | — | xiete /ʃiete/ | uci /utʃi/ |
| Chumvi | wee /weː/ | wee /weː/ | wee /wɨː/ | umucele /umutʃele/ | katyi /kaci/ | ʼuna /ʔuna/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Mvinyo | winiu /winiu/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | umwangashi /umwaŋɡaʃi/ | — | winuyari /winujaɾi/ | vinyu /viɲu/ |
| Mchele | arús /aˈɾus/ | arrus /aɾus/ | ajus /ahus/ | umupunga /umupuŋɡa/ | — | — | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ |
| Chuma | jiru /hiru/ | jiru /hiɾu/ | jiju /hihu/ | icela /iˈtʃela/ | — | tepɨa /tepɨa/ | utale /utale/ |
| Gurudumu | tuntunk /tuntuŋk/ | — | rueda /rueda/ | umupeto /umupeto/ | — | — | roda /roda/ |
| Hariri | séta /ˈseta/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | tsera /tsera/ | seda /seda/ |
| Kitabu | papí /paˈpi/ | papi /papi/ | papi /papi/ | icitabo /itʃitabo/ | — | xapa /ʃapa/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ |
| Kula | yuata /juata/ | yuata /juata/ | yuwámu /juwámu/ | ukulya /ukulja/ | paluña /paluɲa/ | kuye /kuje/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| Kunywa | umarta /umaɾta/ | umarta /umaɾta/ | umut /umut/ | ukunwa /ukunwa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | hiʼeka /hiʔeka/ | kumwa /kumwa/ |
| Kulala | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | kanut /kanut/ | ukulaala /ukulaːla/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | kutsu /kutsu/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Moja | chikichik /tʃikitʃik/ | kichik /kitʃik/ | makichik /makitʃik/ | cimo /tʃimo/ | maya /maja/ | xevi /ʃevi/ | posi /posi/ |
| Mbili | jimiará /himiaɾa/ | jimiar /himiaɾ/ | jimag /himaɡ/ | fibili /fibili/ | paxa /paχa/ | huta /huˈta/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ |
| Tatu | menaintiu /menaintʲu/ | kampatam /kampatam/ | kampatum /kampatum/ | fitatu /fitatu/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | haika /haika/ | pitatu /pitatu/ |
| Nne | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | ipaksumat /ipaksumat/ | fine /fine/ | pushi /puʃi/ | nauka /nauka/ | pinai /pinai/ |
| Tano | ewej /eweh/ | ewej /eweh/ | uweja amua /uwɨha amua/ | fisano /fisano/ | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | auxɨwi /auʃɨwi/ | xanu /ʃanu/ |
| Mia | sian /sian/ | pachak /patʃak/ | cien /sjen/ | umwanda /umwanda/ | pachak /patʃak/ | xeitsienituyari /ʃeitsienitujari/ | dzana /dzana/ |
| Habari | pujamek /puhamek/ | pujamek /puhamek/ | pujámek /puhámɨk/ | muli shani /muli ʃani/ | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ |
| Asante | yuminsajme /juminsahme/ | mai-tikut /majtikut/ | see /sɨː/ | natotela /natotela/ | yuspaa /juspaː/ | paʼiwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ |
| Nzuri | penker /peŋkeɾ/ | pengker /peŋkeɾ/ | pegkeg /pɨɡkɨɡ/ | cisuma /tʃisuma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | waxa /waʃa/ | nadidi /nadidi/ |
| Mpya | yamaram /jamaram/ | yamaram /jamaɾam/ | yamajam /jamaham/ | cipya /tʃipja/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | hekwa /hekʷa/ | ipsa /ipsa/ |
| Nyekundu | kapaku /kapaku/ | kapantin /kapantin/ | kapantu /kapantu/ | kashika /kaʃika/ | chukapa /tʃukapa/ | +aurawi /ʔaurawi/ | funga /funɡa/ |
| Nyeupe | pujú /puˈhu/ | puju /puhu/ | puju /puhu/ | buuta /buːta/ | janqʼu /hanqʼu/ | tuxame /tuʃame/ | cena /tʃena/ |
| Nyeusi | mukusa /mukusa/ | shuwin /ʃuwin/ | bukusea /bukusɨa/ | fiita /fiːta/ | tsʼirara /tsʼiɾaɾa/ | yɨwime /jɨwime/ | psipa /psipa/ |
| Kijani | sámek /ˈsamek/ | samek /samek/ | samekbau /samɨkbau/ | katapa /katapa/ | — | siïraïyeme /siɨraɨjeme/ | — |
| Buluu | sámek /ˈsamek/ | — | wigka /wiɡka/ | — | — | yuawime /juawime/ | — |
Ukurasa 1/9
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