Sesotho
Kisotho cha Kusini
Atlantiki-Kongo (Kibantu, Sotho-Tswana)
Sesotho (Kisotho cha Kusini) ni lugha ya kitaifa ya Lesotho na mojawapo ya lugha rasmi za Afrika Kusini. Msamiati wake una sauti za kufyatua (clicks) zilizokopwa kutoka lugha za Khoisan jirani, na lina mfumo mgumu wa upatanishi wa madarasa ya nomino.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kisotho cha Kusini
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Atlantiki-Kongo (Kibantu, Sotho-Tswana)
| Maana | Kisotho cha Kusini | Kitswana | Kisotho cha Kaskazini | Kilozi | Kitsonga | Kivenda | Kindebele cha Kaskazini |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | metsi /metsi/ | metsi /metsi/ | meetse /meːtse/ | mezi /mezi/ | mati /mati/ | maḓi /mad̪i/ | amanzi /amanzi/ |
| Moto | mollo /molːo/ | molelo /moleːlo/ | mollo /molːo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | ndzilo /ndzilo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ |
| Jua | letsatsi /letsatsi/ | letsatsi /letsatsi/ | letšatši /letʃatʃi/ | lizazi /lizazi/ | dyambu /dʒambu/ | ḓuvha /d̪uvʱa/ | ilanga /ilaŋɡa/ |
| Mwezi | khoeli /kʰwɛːli/ | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | kweli /kweli/ | nʼweti /ŋweti/ | ṅwedzi /ŋwedzi/ | inyanga /iɲaŋɡa/ |
| Nyota | naledi /naledi/ | naledi /naledi/ | naledi /naledi/ | naleli /naleli/ | nyeleti /ɲeleti/ | ṋaledzi /n̪aledzi/ | inkanyezi /iŋkaɲezi/ |
| Usiku | bosiu /bosiu/ | bosigo /bosiχo/ | bošego /boʃeχo/ | busihu /busihu/ | vusiku /vusiku/ | vhusiku /vʱusiku/ | ubusuku /ubusuku/ |
| Mvua | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | mpfula /ˈmpfula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | imvula /imˈvula/ |
| Theluji | lehloa /lɛˈɬwa/ | semathana /semaˈtʰana/ | lehlwa /leˈɬwa/ | litwa /ˈlitwa/ | gamboko /ɡamboko/ | mahaḓa /mahad̪a/ | iliqhwa /iliǃʰwa/ |
| Upepo | moya /mɔja/ | phefo /pʰefɔ/ | phefo /pʰɛfɔ/ | moya /moja/ | moya /moja/ | muya /muja/ | umoya /umoːja/ |
| Udongo | mobu /mobu/ | mmu /m̩mu/ | mobu /moβu/ | mubu /mubu/ | misava /misava/ | mavu /mavu/ | inhlabathi /inɬaɓaːtʰi/ |
| Jiwe | lejwe /leˈdʒwe/ | leje /lɛˈdʒe/ | leswika /leˈswika/ | licwe /liˈtʃwe/ | ribye /riˈbje/ | tombo /tombo/ | ilitshe /iliˈtʃe/ |
| Mlima | thaba /tʰaba/ | thaba /tʰaba/ | thaba /ˈtʰaba/ | lilundu /lilundu/ | ntshava /ntsʰava/ | thavha /tʰavʱa/ | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ |
| Bahari | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | liwate /liwate/ | lwandle /lwandɮe/ | lwanzhe /lwanʒe/ | ulwandle /ulwandɮe/ |
| Mama | mmè /mːɛ/ | mmê /mːɛ/ | mma /mːa/ | ma /ma/ | manana /manana/ | mme /mːe/ | umama /umama/ |
| Baba | ntate /ntate/ | rrê /rːɛ/ | tate /tate/ | ndate /ndate/ | tatana /tatana/ | khotsi /kʰotsi/ | ubaba /uɓaɓa/ |
| Binti | morali /moɾali/ | morwadi /morwadi/ | morwedi /morwedi/ | mwana wa musizana /mwana wa musizana/ | nʼwana wa xisati /ŋʷana wa ʃisati/ | ṅwananyana /ŋʷanaɲana/ | indodakazi /indodakazi/ |
| Mimi | nna /nːa/ | nna /nːa/ | nna /nna/ | na /na/ | mina /mina/ | nṋe /n̪ːe/ | mina /mina/ |
| Wewe | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | iwe /iwe/ | wena /wena/ |
| Sisi | rona /rona/ | rona /rona/ | rena /rena/ | luna /luna/ | hina /hina/ | riṋe /rin̪e/ | thina /tʰina/ |
| Jina | lebitso /lebitso/ | leina /leina/ | leina /leina/ | libizo /libizo/ | vito /vito/ | dzina /dzina/ | ibizo /ibizo/ |
| Mtu | motho /motʰo/ | motho /motʰo/ | motho /mʊtʰʊ/ | mutu /mutu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | muthu /mutʰu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ |
| Kichwa | hlooho /ɬoːho/ | tlhogo /tɬʰoχo/ | hlogo /ɬoχo/ | toho /toho/ | nhloko /nɬoko/ | ṱhoho /t̪ʰoho/ | ikhanda /iˈkʰanda/ |
| Jicho | leihlo /leiɬo/ | leitlho /leitɬʰo/ | leihlo /leiɬo/ | liito /liːto/ | tihlo /tiɬo/ | iṱo /it̪o/ | ilihlo /iliɬo/ |
| Sikio | tsebe /tsebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | zebe /zebe/ | ndleve /ndɮeve/ | nḓevhe /n̪d̪evʱe/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ |
| Pua | nko /ŋ̩ˈko/ | nko /ŋ̩ˈko/ | nko /ŋˈko/ | ngo /ŋo/ | nhompfu /nʱompfu/ | ningo /niŋo/ | ikhala /ikʰala/ |
| Mdomo | molomo /molomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | nomu /nomu/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | umlomo /umˈlomo/ |
| Jino | leino /leino/ | leino /leino/ | leino /leino/ | liino /liːno/ | tino /tino/ | iṋo /in̪o/ | izinyo /iziɲo/ |
| Ulimi | leleme /leleme/ | leleme /leleme/ | leleme /leleme/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ririmi /ririmi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Mkono | letsoho /letsoho/ | seatla /seatɬa/ | seatla /seatɬa/ | lizoho /lizoho/ | voko /voko/ | tshanḓa /tʃʰan̪d̪a/ | isandla /isandɮa/ |
| Mguu | leoto /leoto/ | lonao /lonao/ | leoto /leoto/ | lihutu /liˈhutu/ | nenge /neŋɡe/ | mulenzhe /mulenʒe/ | unyawo /uɲawo/ |
| Moyo | pelo /pelo/ | pelo /peːlo/ | pelo /pelo/ | pilu /pilu/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | inhliziyo /inɬizijo/ |
| Mfupa | lesapo /lesapo/ | lerapo /lerapo/ | lerapo /lerapo/ | sapo /sapo/ | rhambu /rambu/ | ḽirambo /l̪irambo/ | ithambo /itʰambo/ |
| Damu | mali /mali/ | madi /madi/ | madi /madi/ | mali /mali/ | ngati /ŋɡati/ | malofha /maloɸa/ | igazi /iɡazi/ |
| Kinyesi | masepa /masepa/ | masepa /masepa/ | masepa /masepa/ | ñanda /ɲanda/ | — | malaṱwa /malat̪wa/ | amasimba /amasimba/ |
| Upendo | lerato /leɾato/ | lerato /leɾato/ | lerato /lerato/ | lilato /lilato/ | rirhandzu /riɾandzu/ | lufuno /lufuno/ | uthando /utʰando/ |
| Mti | sefate /sefate/ | setlhare /setɬʰaɾe/ | sehlare /seɬare/ | kota /kota/ | nsinya /nsiɲa/ | muri /muri/ | isihlahla /isiɬaɬa/ |
| Mbwa | ntja /ntʃa/ | ntša /ntʃa/ | mpša /mpʃa/ | nja /ndʒa/ | mbyana /mbjana/ | mmbwa /mːbwa/ | inja /indʒa/ |
| Paka | katse /katse/ | katse /katse/ | katse /katse/ | kaze /kaze/ | mangoyi /maŋɡoji/ | katse /katse/ | ikati /ikati/ |
| Samaki | tlhapi /tɬʰapi/ | tlhapi /tɬʰapi/ | hlapi /ɬapi/ | tapi /tapi/ | nhlampfi /nɬampfi/ | khovhe /kʰovʱe/ | inhlanzi /iɬanzi/ |
| Ndege | nonyana /nʊˈɲana/ | nonyane /nɔˈɲanɛ/ | nonyana /nʊɲana/ | nyunywani /ɲuɲwani/ | xinyenyana /ʃiɲeˈɲana/ | tshiṋoni /tʃiˈn̪oni/ | inyoni /iɲoni/ |
| Kipepeo | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | sipulumuki /sipulumuki/ | phapharhati /pʰapʰaˈrati/ | tshisusu /tʃʰisusu/ | ivevane /iveˈvane/ |
| Yai | lehe /lehe/ | lee /lɛɛ/ | lee /leː/ | lii /liː/ | tandza /tandza/ | gumba /ɡumba/ | iqanda /iǃanda/ |
| Dubu | bere /bɛrɛ/ | bera /bɛra/ | bêrê /bɛrɛ/ | bele /bele/ | bere /bere/ | biara /biara/ | ibhere /ibʱere/ |
| Farasi | pere /pere/ | pitse /pitse/ | pere /pere/ | pizi /pizi/ | hanci /hantʃi/ | bere /bere/ | ibhiza /iˈbiza/ |
| Nyumba | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ndu /ndu/ | yindlu /jindɮu/ | nnḓu /n̪d̪u/ | indlu /indɮu/ |
| Maziwa | lebese /lebese/ | mashi /maʃi/ | maswi /maswi/ | mabisi /mabisi/ | masi /masi/ | mafhi /maɸi/ | uchago /uˈtʃaɡo/ |
| Asali | mahe a dinotshi /mahe a dinotsʰi/ | tswina /tswina/ | todi /todi/ | linosi /linosi/ | vulombe /vulombe/ | mutoli /mutoli/ | uluju /uludʒu/ |
| Chumvi | letswai /letswai/ | letswai /letswai/ | letswai /letswai/ | lizwai /lizwai/ | munyu /muɲu/ | muṋo /mun̪o/ | itswayi /itswaji/ |
| Mvinyo | veine /veine/ | beine /beine/ | beine /beine/ | waine /waine/ | vhinyo /viɲo/ | waini /waini/ | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ |
| Mchele | raese /raese/ | raese /raese/ | reisi /reisi/ | laisi /laisi/ | rhayisi /rajisi/ | raisi /raisi/ | — |
| Chokoleti | tjhokolete /tʃʰokolete/ | tshokolete /tsʰokolete/ | tšhokolete /tʃʰokolete/ | chocolate | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | tshokoleti | — |
| Chuma | tshepe /ˈtsʰepe/ | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | sipi /sipi/ | nsimbi /nsimbi/ | tsimbi /tsimbi/ | insimbi /inˈsimbi/ |
| Gurudumu | lebili /lebili/ | leotwana /leotwana/ | leotwana /leoˈtwana/ | liwili /liwili/ | vhilwa /vilwa/ | mulinga /muliŋa/ | ivili /iˈvili/ |
| Hariri | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | siliki /siliki/ | silika /silika/ | siliga /siliɡa/ | isilika /isiˈlika/ |
| Kitabu | buka /buka/ | buka /buka/ | puku /puku/ | buka /buka/ | buku /buku/ | bugu /buɡu/ | incwadi /iŋǀʷadi/ |
| Kula | ho ja /ho dʒa/ | go ja /χo dʒa/ | go ja /χo dʒa/ | kuca /kutʃa/ | ku dya /ku dʒa/ | u ḽa /u l̪a/ | ukudla /ukuɮa/ |
| Kunywa | ho noa /ho noa/ | go nwa /χo nwa/ | go nwa /χo nwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | ku nwa /ku nwa/ | u nwa /u nwa/ | ukunatha /ukunatʰa/ |
| Kulala | ho robala /ho rʊˈbala/ | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | kulobala /kulobala/ | ku etlela /ku eˈtɬela/ | u eḓela /u eˈd̪ela/ | ukulala /ukulala/ |
| Moja | nngwe /ŋːwe/ | nngwe /ŋːwe/ | tee /teː/ | nyinwi /ɲiŋʷi/ | rinʼwe /riŋwe/ | nthihi /ntʰihi/ | nye /ɲe/ |
| Mbili | pedi /pedi/ | pedi /pedi/ | pedi /pedi/ | peli /peli/ | mbirhi /mbiri/ | mbili /mbili/ | kubili /kubili/ |
| Tatu | tharo /tʰaʀo/ | tharo /tʰaro/ | tharo /tʰaro/ | talu /talu/ | nharhu /ɳaɾu/ | tharu /tʰaru/ | kuthathu /kutʰatʰu/ |
| Nne | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːɛ/ | ne /ne/ | mune /mune/ | ṋa /n̪a/ | kune /kune/ |
| Tano | hlano /ɬano/ | tlhano /tɬʰano/ | hlano /ɬano/ | ketalizoho /ketalizoho/ | ntlhanu /ntɬʰanu/ | ṱhanu /t̪ʰanu/ | hlanu /ɬaːnu/ |
| Mia | lekgolo /leχolo/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | mwanda /mwanda/ | dzana /dzana/ | ḓana /d̪ana/ | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ |
| Habari | dumela /dumɛla/ | dumela /dumeːla/ | dumela /dumɛla/ | lumela /lumela/ | avuxeni /avuʃeni/ | ndaa /ndaː/ | salibonani /saliɓonani/ |
| Asante | kea leboha /kea leboha/ | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | nitumezi /nitumezi/ | inkomu /iŋkomu/ | ndo livhuwa /ndo livʱuwa/ | ngiyabonga /ŋijaɓoŋɡa/ |
| Nzuri | monate /monate/ | siame /siaːme/ | botse /botse/ | nde /nde/ | kahle /kaɬe/ | zwavhuḓi /zwavʱud̪i/ | kuhle /kuɬe/ |
| Mpya | ntjha /ntʃʰa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | mpsha /mpsʰa/ | nca /ntʃa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | ntswa /ntswa/ | tsha /tʃʰa/ |
| Nyekundu | khubelu /kʰubelu/ | khibidu /kʰibidu/ | hubedu /hubedu/ | fubelu /fubelu/ | tshwuka /tsʰwuka/ | tswuku /tswuku/ | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ |
| Nyeupe | tšhweu /tsʰweu/ | tshweu /tsʰwɛu/ | tšhweu /tʃʰwɛu/ | sweu /sweu/ | basa /ˈbasa/ | tshena /tsʰena/ | mhlophe /mɬɔpʰe/ |
| Nyeusi | ntšo /ntsʰɔ/ | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | nsu /nsu/ | ntima /ntima/ | ntswu /ntswu/ | mnyama /mɲaːma/ |
| Kijani | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | dala /dala/ | luhlaza /luɬaːza/ |
| Buluu | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | lutombo /lutombo/ | luhlaza /luɬaːza/ |
| Kekeo | ntetekeng /ntɛtɛˈkɛŋ/ | — | — | — | ngwafalantala /ŋʷafalanˈtala/ | — | inkanku /iⁿˈkaŋku/ |
| Kompyuta | khomputa /kʰomputa/ | khomphuta /kʰompʰuta/ | khomphutha /kʰompʰutʰa/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | khompyuta /kʰompjuta/ | khomphyutha /kʰompʰjutʰa/ | ikhompiyutha /ikʰompijutʰa/ |
| Chai | tee /teː/ | tee /teː/ | teye /teje/ | tii /tiː/ | tiya /tija/ | tie /tie/ | itiye /itije/ |
| Kahawa | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | ikhofi /ikʰofi/ |
| Sukari | tswekere /tswekere/ | sukiri /sukiri/ | swikiri /swikiri/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | chukela /tʃukela/ | swigiri /swiɡiri/ | itshukela /itʃukela/ |
| Chungwa | lamunu /lamunu/ | namune /namune/ | namune /namune/ | olenji /olendʒi/ | lamula /lamula/ | swiri | — |
| 99 | mashome a robong a metso e robong /maʃome a ʀoboŋ a metso e ʀoboŋ/ | masome a robongwe robongwe /masome a roboŋwe roboŋwe/ | masome a senyane le senyane /masome a seɲane le seɲane/ | — | makume nkaye nkaye /makume ŋkaje ŋkaje/ | — | amatshumi aficamunwemunye lesificamunwemunye /amatʃumi afiǀamunwemunje lesifiǀamunwemunje/ |
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