Motu
모투어
오스트로네시아어족 (말레이폴리네시아어파, 오세아니아어군, 서부, 파푸아팁어군)
모투어는 파푸아뉴기니 중부주 모투 사람들의 토착 오스트로네시아어이며, 포트모르즈비 근교의 하누아바다 마을 군락을 중심으로 한다. 순수 형태는 약 1.4만 명의 활발한 화자만 가지지만, 모투어는 파푸아뉴기니 3개 공식어 중 하나인 히리 모투어(hmo)의 어휘 원천이다. 모투어는 주어/목적어 인칭 표지, 양도 가능/불가능 소유, 특징적인 오세아니아형 대명사 체계를 포함한 완전한 오스트로네시아형 형태를 가지며, 히리 모투어는 식민지 무역의 맥락에서 이들을 대폭 단순화했다. 리스터-터너와 클락의 1931년 문법서가 표준 참고문헌.
사용 지역
모투어의 핵심 단어 87개
출처
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 오스트로네시아어족 (말레이폴리네시아어파, 오세아니아어군, 서부, 파푸아팁어군)
| 뜻 | 모투어 | 히리 모투어 | 피지어 | 투발루어 | 통가어 | 사모아어 | 무사우-에미라어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | ranu /ɾanu/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | wai /wai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | manu /manu/ |
| 불 | lahi /lahi/ | lahi /lahi/ | buka /mbuka/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ | kuraa /kuraː/ |
| 해 | dina /dina/ | dina /dina/ | matanisiga /matanisiŋa/ | laa /laː/ | laʻā /laʔaː/ | lā /laː/ | sinaka /sinaka/ |
| 달 | hua /hua/ | hua /hua/ | vula /βula/ | masina /masina/ | māhina /maːhina/ | māsina /maːsina/ | ulana /ulana/ |
| 별 | hisiu /hisiu/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | kalokalo /kalokalo/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetuʻu /fetuʔu/ | fetū /fetuː/ | katoto /katoto/ |
| 밤 | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | bogi /mboŋi/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | voo /voː/ |
| 비 | medu /medu/ | medu /medu/ | uca /uða/ | ua /ua/ | ʻuha /ʔuha/ | ua /ua/ | vaoo /vaoo/ |
| 바람 | lai /lai/ | lai /lai/ | cagi /ðaŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | kuukuu /kuukuu/ |
| 흙 | tano /tano/ | tano /tano/ | qele /ᵑɡele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | ʻeleʻele /ʔeleʔele/ | kosa /kosa/ |
| 돌 | nadi /nadi/ | nadi /ˈnadi/ | vatu /vatu/ | fatu /fatu/ | maka /maka/ | maʻa /maʔa/ | atu /atu/ |
| 산 | ororo /oɾoɾo/ | ororo /ororo/ | ulunivanua /uluniβanua/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | moʻunga /moʔuŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | motouru /motouru/ |
| 바다 | davara /davara/ | davara /davara/ | wasawasa /wasawasa/ | tai /tai/ | tahi /tahi/ | sami /sami/ | paamanu /paamanu/ |
| 어머니 | sinana /sinana/ | sina /sina/ | tina /tina/ | maatua /maːtua/ | faʻē /faʔeː/ | tinā /tinaː/ | kina /kina/ |
| 아버지 | tamana /tamana/ | tama /tama/ | tama /tama/ | tamana /tamana/ | tamai /tamai/ | tamā /tamaː/ | tama /tama/ |
| 딸 | natuna kekenina /natuna kekenina/ | natuna kekeni /natuna kekeni/ | luve yalewa /luβe jalewa/ | tama fafine /tama fafine/ | ʻofefine /ʔofefine/ | afafine /afafine/ | natuna vause /natuna vause/ |
| 나 | lau /lau/ | lau /lau/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | aʻu /aʔu/ | aghi /aɣi/ |
| 너 | oi /oi/ | oi /oi/ | iko /iko/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ | io /io/ |
| 우리 | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | keda / keimami /kenda / kejmami/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | kitautolu / kimautolu /kitautolu / kimautolu/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | ita / ami /ita / ami/ |
| 이름 | ladana /ladana/ | ladana /laˈdana/ | yaca /jaða/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | hingoa /hiŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | arari /arari/ |
| 사람 | taunimanima /taunimanima/ | taunimanima /taunimanima/ | tamata /tamata/ | tino /tino/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tagata /taŋata/ | taumata /taumata/ |
| 머리 | kwara /kʷaɾa/ | kwarana /kʷarana/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ | ʻulu /ʔulu/ | ulu /ulu/ | uru /uru/ |
| 눈 | matana /matana/ | matana /matana/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| 귀 | taiana /taiana/ | taiana /taiana/ | daliga /ndaliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | telinga /teliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | talinga /taliŋa/ |
| 코 | udu-baubau /udubaubau/ | udubaubauna /udubaubauna/ | ucu /uðu/ | isu /isu/ | ihu /ihu/ | isu /isu/ | ngusu /ŋusu/ |
| 입 | udu /udu/ | uduna /uduna/ | gusu /ŋusu/ | gutu /ŋutu/ | ngutu /ŋutu/ | gutu /ŋutu/ | paa /paa/ |
| 이 | ise /ise/ | isena /isena/ | bati /mbati/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ | ngalungalu /ŋaluŋalu/ |
| 혀 | mala /mala/ | mala /mala/ | yame /jame/ | alelo /alelo/ | ʻelelo /ʔelelo/ | laulaufaiva /laulaufaiva/ | ramuramuti paa /ramuramuti paa/ |
| 손 | ima /ima/ | ima /ima/ | liga /liŋa/ | lima /lima/ | nima /nima/ | lima /lima/ | nima /nima/ |
| 발 | ae /ae/ | ae /ae/ | yava /java/ | vae /vae/ | vaʻe /vaʔe/ | vae /vae/ | keke /keke/ |
| 마음 | kudouna /kudouna/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | uto /uto/ | fatu /fatu/ | loto /loto/ | loto /loto/ | urunguita /uruŋuita/ |
| 뼈 | turia /turia/ | turia /turia/ | sui /sui/ | ivi /ivi/ | hui /hui/ | ivi /ivi/ | riu /riu/ |
| 피 | rara /rara/ | rara /rara/ | dra /ndra/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | rae /rae/ |
| 똥 | taḡe /taɣe/ | kukuri /kukuri/ | de /nde/ | tae /tae/ | taʻe /taʔe/ | tae /tae/ | — |
| 사랑 | lalokau /lalokau/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | loloma /loloma/ | alofa /alofa/ | ʻofa /ʔofa/ | alofa /alofa/ | aielousi /aielousi/ |
| 나무 | au /au/ | au /au/ | kau /kau/ | laakau /laːkau/ | ʻakau /ʔakau/ | laʻau /laʔau/ | ai /ai/ |
| 개 | sisia /sisia/ | sisia /sisia/ | koli /koli/ | kuli /kuli/ | kulī /kuliː/ | maile /maile/ | paua /paua/ |
| 고양이 | gosi /ɡosi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | busi /busi/ |
| 물고기 | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | iʻa /iʔa/ | kko /kːo/ |
| 새 | manu /ˈmanu/ | manu /manu/ | manumanu /manumanu/ | manu /manu/ | manupuna /manupuna/ | manu /manu/ | ghila /ɣila/ |
| 나비 | kaubebe /kaubebe/ | kaubebe /kaubebe/ | bēbē /ᵐbeːᵐbeː/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | kaubebe /kaubebe/ |
| 달걀 | gatoi /ɡatoi/ | gatoi /ɡatoi/ | yaloka /jaloka/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | foʻi moa /foʔi moa/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | otolu /otolu/ |
| 곰 | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bea /mbea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | beaa /beaː/ |
| 말 | hosi /hosi/ | hosi /hosi/ | ose /ose/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | hoosi /hoːsi/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | ooso /ooso/ |
| 집 | ruma /ɾuma/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | vale /βale/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ | ale /ale/ |
| 우유 | rata /rata/ | rata /rata/ | sucu /suðu/ | susu /susu/ | huʻakau /huʔakau/ | susu /susu/ | rarumi ssu /ɾarumi sːu/ |
| 꿀 | bada ranuna /bada ɾanuna/ | — | oni /oni/ | hani /hani/ | hone /hone/ | meli /meli/ | iruena /iɾuena/ |
| 소금 | damena /damena/ | damena /damena/ | masima /masima/ | masima /masima/ | māsima /maːsima/ | masima /masima/ | uela /uela/ |
| 포도주 | vine ranuna /vine ɾanuna/ | uaina /uaina/ | waini /waini/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaine /uaine/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaeni /uaeni/ |
| 쌀 | raisi /raisi/ | raisi /raisi/ | raisi /raisi/ | laisi /laisi/ | laise /laise/ | alaisa /alaisa/ | — |
| 철 | auri /ˈauɾi/ | auri /ˈauɾi/ | kaukamea /kaukamea/ | fiti /fiti/ | ukamea /ukamea/ | uʻamea /uʔamea/ | aeana /aeana/ |
| 바퀴 | ava-keikei /avakeikei/ | uili /uili/ | yava /java/ | teka /teka/ | veʻeteka /veʔeteka/ | uili /uili/ | — |
| 책 | buka /buka/ | buka /ˈbuka/ | ivola /ivola/ | tusi /tusi/ | tohi /tohi/ | tusi /tusi/ | vuku /vuku/ |
| 먹다 | aniani /aniani/ | ania /ania/ | kana /kana/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | ʻai /ʔai/ | nama /nama/ |
| 마시다 | inuinu /inuinu/ | inua /inua/ | gunu /ŋunu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | ropi /ropi/ |
| 자다 | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | moce /moðe/ | moe /moe/ | mohe /mohe/ | moe /moe/ | asekanue /asekanue/ |
| 하나 | ta /ta/ | ta /ta/ | dua /ndua/ | tasi /tasi/ | taha /taha/ | tasi /tasi/ | sesa /sesa/ |
| 둘 | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | ua /ua/ | lua /lua/ | lua /lua/ |
| 셋 | toi /toi/ | toi /toi/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | kotolu /kotolu/ |
| 넷 | hani /hani/ | hani /hani/ | vā /vaː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ | ghaata /ɣaata/ |
| 다섯 | ima /ima/ | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | nima /nima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| 백 | sinahu /sinahu/ | handred /handred/ | drau /ndrau/ | selau /selau/ | teau /teau/ | selau /selau/ | kateva ai /kateva ai/ |
| 안녕하세요 | namo gida /namo ɡida/ | namona /namona/ | bula /mbula/ | taalofa /taːlofa/ | mālō e lelei /maːloː e lelei/ | talofa /talofa/ | elue talaua /elue talaua/ |
| 감사합니다 | oi namo /oi namo/ | tanikiu /tanikiu/ | vinaka /βinaka/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ | mālō /maːloː/ | faʻafetai /faʔafetai/ | kaili emasina /kaili emasina/ |
| 좋은 | namo /namo/ | namo /namo/ | vinaka /βinaka/ | lei /lei/ | lelei /lelei/ | lelei /lelei/ | masina /masina/ |
| 새로운 | matamata /matamata/ | matamata /matamata/ | vou /βou/ | fou /fou/ | foʻou /foʔou/ | fou /fou/ | ouna /ouna/ |
| 빨강 | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | damudamu /ndamundamu/ | kula /kula/ | kulokula /kulokula/ | mūmū /muːmuː/ | raeraeana /raeraeana/ |
| 하양 | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | vulavula /βulaβula/ | kena /kena/ | hinehina /hinehina/ | paʻepaʻe /paʔepaʔe/ | usousoana /usousoana/ |
| 검정 | koremakorema /koɾemakoɾema/ | korema /korema/ | loaloa /loaloa/ | uli /uli/ | ʻuliʻuli /ʔuliʔuli/ | uliuli /uliuli/ | voovongiena /voovoŋiena/ |
| 초록 | gadokagadoka /ɡadokaɡadoka/ | gadoka gadoka /ɡadoka ɡadoka/ | drokadroka /ndrokandroka/ | lanu lau niu /lanu lau niu/ | lanu mata /lanu mata/ | lanumeamata /lanumeamata/ | — |
| 파랑 | gadokagadoka /ɡadokaɡadoka/ | gadoka gadoka /ɡadoka ɡadoka/ | karakarawa /karakarawa/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ | — |
| 컴퓨터 | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | komupiuta /komupiuta/ | komipiuta /komipiuta/ | komipiuta /komipiuta/ | — |
| 차(茶) | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ | — |
| 커피 | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofe /kofe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofe /kofe/ | — |
| 설탕 | suga /suɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | suka /suka/ | suka /suka/ | suka /suka/ | suka /suka/ | — |
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