Ngäbere
Kingäbere
Lugha za Chibcha
Kingäbere (pia huitwa Guaymí au Movere) ni lugha ya familia ya Chibcha yenye wasemaji wengi zaidi, ikizungumzwa na takribani watu 170,000 wa jamii ya Ngäbe nchini Panama na Costa Rica. Familia ya Chibcha (lugha hai zapata 14, jumla ya wasemaji wapatao 300,000) hapo zamani ilitawala shingo ya nchi kati ya Costa Rica na Panama pamoja na kaskazini mwa Colombia na Venezuela kabla ya ushindi wa Wahispania; ingawa Kingäbere kina wasemaji wengi zaidi, si lugha pekee ya Chibcha inayostawi leo — Kiguna (Kuna), chenye wasemaji zaidi ya 60,000 na hadhi rasmi katika Guna Yala, nacho kinarithishwa kwa bidii. Comarca ya Ngäbe-Buglé (1997, iliyopanuliwa 2008) ni mojawapo ya maeneo makubwa zaidi yanayosimamiwa na wenyeji katika Amerika ya Kusini. Kiisimu, Kingäbere kina sifa za kawaida za Chibcha: vizuiwa vyenye unazali-awali, mfumo tata wa irabu, na mpangilio wa maneno SOV. Uhifadhi wa lugha unaendelea kwa bidii kupitia elimu ya lugha mbili na matangazo ya redio ya Comarca.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kingäbere
chocolate
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Lugha za Chibcha
| Maana | Kingäbere | Kimapuche | Kichol | Kishipibo-Conibo | Kinahuatl cha Huasteca cha Kati | Kinahuatl cha Guerrero | Kivalensia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ñö /ɲɤ/ | ko /ko/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | jene /hɨnɨ/ | atl /atɬ/ | atl /atɬ/ | aigua /ˈajɣwa/ |
| Moto | ñukwä /ɲukwɔ/ | kütral /kɨʈʂal/ | kʼajk /kʼahk/ | chii /tʃiː/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | foc /fɔk/ |
| Jua | ñänä /ɲɔnɔ/ | antü /antɨ/ | kʼiñ /kʼiɲ/ | bari /baɾi/ | tonati /tonati/ | tonajli /tonahli/ | sol /sɔl/ |
| Mwezi | só /só/ | küyen /kɨjen/ | uw /uw/ | oxe /oʂɨ/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | lluna /ˈʎuna/ |
| Nyota | muke /muke/ | wangülen /waŋɨlen/ | ekʼ /ʔekʼ/ | wishti /wiʃtĩ/ | sitlalij /siˈtɬalih/ | sitlalin /siˈtɬalin/ | estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ |
| Usiku | deo /ðeo/ | pun /pun/ | akʼälel /akʼɨlel/ | yame /jamɨ/ | youali /jowali/ | yowalli /jowalːi/ | nit /nit/ |
| Mvua | ñü /ɲɨ/ | mawün /mawɨn̪/ | jaʼal /haʔal/ | oi /oi/ | kiyawit /kiˈjawit/ | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ | pluja /ˈpluʒa/ |
| Upepo | müre /mɨɾe/ | kürüf /kɨɾɨf/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | niwe /niwɨ/ | ajakatl /ahakatɬ/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ | vent /vent/ |
| Udongo | dobo /dobo/ | mapu /mapu/ | lum /lum/ | mai /mai/ | tlali /tɬali/ | tlajli /tɬahli/ | terra /ˈtɛra/ |
| Jiwe | jä /hɔ/ | kura /kuɾa/ | xajlel /ʃahlel/ | makan /makan/ | tetl /tetɬ/ | tetl /teːtɬ/ | pedra /ˈpeðɾa/ |
| Mlima | ngitio /ŋitio/ | mawiza /mawiða/ | wits /wits/ | manan /manan/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | muntanya /munˈtaɲa/ |
| Mama | meye /meje/ | ñuke /ɲuke/ | ñaʼ /ɲaʔ/ | tita /tita/ | nana /nana/ | nanan /nanan/ | mare /ˈmaɾe/ |
| Baba | rün /rɨn/ | chaw /tʃaw/ | tat /tat/ | papa /papa/ | tata /tata/ | tatah /tatah/ | pare /ˈpaɾe/ |
| Binti | ngänkän /ŋæŋkæn/ | ñawe /ɲawe/ | ixikʼal /iʃikʼal/ | bake ainbo /bake ãĩbo/ | noichpoca /noitʃˈpoka/ | nochpoch /ˈnotʃpotʃ/ | filla /ˈfiʎa/ |
| Mimi | ti /ti/ | iñche /iɲtʃe/ | joñoñ /hoɲoɲ/ | ea /ea/ | na /na/ | nejua /neˈwa/ | jo /jɔ/ |
| Wewe | mä /mɔ/ | eymi /ejmi/ | jatyet /hatʲet/ | mia /mia/ | ta /ta/ | tejua /teˈwa/ | tu /tu/ |
| Sisi | nun /nun/ | iñchiñ /iɲtʃiɲ/ | joñonla / joñon lojon /hoɲonla / hoɲon lohon/ | noa /noa/ | tojuanti /tohˈwanti/ | tejuamej /teˈwameh/ | nosaltres /noˈzaltɾes/ |
| Jina | kä /kɔ/ | üy /ɨj/ | kʼabaʼ /kʼaɓaʔ/ | jane /hanɨ/ | tocaxtli /toˈkaʃtɬi/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ | nom /nɔm/ |
| Mtu | ni /ni/ | che /tʃe/ | kixtyañu /kiʃtʲaɲu/ | joni /honi/ | masehuali /maseˈwali/ | tlacatl /ˈtɬakatɬ/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ |
| Kichwa | dokwä /dokwɔ/ | longko /loŋko/ | jol /hol/ | mapo /mapo/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | cap /kap/ |
| Jicho | okwä /okwɔ/ | nge /ŋe/ | wut /wut/ | bero /bɨɾo/ | ixtioli /iʃtioli/ | ixtololo /iʃtololo/ | ull /uʎ/ |
| Sikio | olo /olo/ | pilun /pilun/ | chikin /tʃikin/ | pabíki /pabiki/ | nacastli /nakastɬi/ | nacas /nakas/ | orella /oˈɾeʎa/ |
| Mdomo | kada /kada/ | wün /wɨn/ | tiʼ /tiʔ/ | kexa /kɨʂa/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | boca /ˈboka/ |
| Jino | tu /tu/ | foro /foɾo/ | ej /eh/ | xeta /ʂɨta/ | tlankoch /tɬankotʃ/ | tlan /tɬan/ | dent /dent/ |
| Ulimi | tidrö /tiðɾø/ | kewün /kewɨn/ | äkʼ /ɨkʼ/ | jana /hana/ | nenepili /nenepili/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | llengua /ˈʎeŋɡwa/ |
| Mkono | kise /kise/ | kuwü /kuwɨ/ | kʼäb /kʼɨɓ/ | meken /mɨkɨn/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | mà /ma/ |
| Mguu | ngoto /ŋoto/ | ṉamuṉ /n̪amun̪/ | ok /ok/ | tae /taɨ/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | peu /pɛw/ |
| Moyo | brukwä /bɾukwɔ/ | piwke /piwke/ | pusʼikʼal /pusʼikʼal/ | joínti /hointi/ | yolotl /jolotɬ/ | yojlotl /johlotɬ/ | cor /kɔɾ/ |
| Mfupa | krö /kɾø/ | foro /foɾo/ | bäk /ɓɨk/ | xao /ʂao/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | os /ɔs/ |
| Damu | därie /ðɐɾie/ | mollfüñ /moʎfɨɲ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | jimi /himi/ | estli /estɬi/ | yestli /jestɬi/ | sang /saŋk/ |
| Upendo | tare /taɾe/ | poyen /pojen/ | kʼuxbiñ /kʼuʃbiɲ/ | noi /noi/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ |
| Mti | krätä /kɾɨtɨ/ | aliwen /aliwen/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | jiwi /hiwi/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitɬ/ | kojtli /kohtɬi/ | arbre /ˈaɾbɾe/ |
| Mbwa | nukro /nukɾo/ | trewa /ʈʂewa/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | ochiti /otʃiti/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintɬi/ | gos /ɡos/ |
| Paka | mishi /miʃi/ | narki /naɾki/ | mis /mis/ | mishito /miʃito/ | misto /misto/ | miston /miston/ | gat /ɡat/ |
| Samaki | gwa /ɡwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | chäy /tʃɨj/ | yapa /japa/ | michi /mitʃi/ | michin /mitʃin/ | peix /pejʃ/ |
| Ndege | nukwä /nukwɔ/ | üñüm /ɨɲɨm/ | mut /mut/ | isa /isa/ | tototl /tototɬ/ | tototl /ˈtototɬ/ | ocell /oˈseʎ/ |
| Kipepeo | malan /malan/ | llampüzkeñ /ʎampɨðkeɲ/ | pejpem /pehpem/ | pëpë /pɨ̃pɨ̃/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | papallona /papaˈʎona/ |
| Yai | kwi mrüke /kwi mɾɨke/ | kuram /kuɾam/ | tumut /tumut/ | bachi /batʃi/ | tejsistli /tehsistɬi/ | totoltetl /totolˈtetɬ/ | ou /ɔw/ |
| Dubu | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | ós /os/ |
| Farasi | mdä /mdæ/ | kawellu /kaweʎu/ | kawayuʼ /kawajuʔ/ | kabayo /kabajo/ | kauayoj /kaˈwajoh/ | caballo /kaˈbajo/ | cavall /kaˈvaʎ/ |
| Nyumba | ju /hu/ | ruka /ɾuka/ | otyot /otjot/ | xobo /ʂobo/ | kali /kali/ | kajli /kahli/ | casa /ˈkaza/ |
| Maziwa | kian /kian/ | lichi /litʃi/ | chuʼ /tʃuʔ/ | xoma /ʂoma/ | lechi /letʃi/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | llet /ʎet/ |
| Asali | munkö /munkø/ | müski /mɨski/ | chab /tʃaɓ/ | bona jene /bona hɨnɨ/ | necti /nekti/ | necutli /neˈkutɬi/ | mel /mɛl/ |
| Chumvi | mren /mɾen/ | chazi /tʃaði/ | atsʼam /atsʼam/ | tashi /taʃi/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | sal /sal/ |
| Mvinyo | uba döi /uba døi/ | pulku /pulku/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | xocomeca at /ʃokomeka at/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vi /vi/ |
| Mchele | aro /aɾo/ | aro /aɾo/ | arus /aɾus/ | aros /aɾos/ | arroz /aˈros/ | arroz /aˈros/ | arròs /aˈrɔs/ |
| Chokoleti | chocolate | — | chocolate | — | chocolatl /tʃokoˈlatɬ/ | chikolatl /tʃikoˈlatɬ/ | xocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ |
| Chuma | jiero /hieɾo/ | pañilwe /paɲilwe/ | — | yami /jami/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | ferro /ˈfɛro/ |
| Hariri | seda /seda/ | seza /seða/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseða/ |
| Kitabu | tärä /tæɾæ/ | chillka /tʃiʎka/ | juñ /huɲ/ | kirika /kiɾika/ | amochtli /aˈmotʃtɬi/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | llibre /ˈʎibɾe/ |
| Kula | mrö /mrø/ | in /in/ | kʼux /kʼuʃ/ | piti /piti/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ | tlakua /tɬakʷa/ | menjar /meɲˈdʒaɾ/ |
| Kunywa | ñögö /ɲøɡø/ | pütun /pɨtun/ | uchʼ /utʃʼ/ | xeati /ʂɨati/ | atli /atɬi/ | koni /koni/ | beure /ˈbewɾe/ |
| Kulala | kibien /kibien/ | umawtun /umawtun/ | wäyel /wɨjel/ | oxa /oʂa/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | dormir /doɾˈmiɾ/ |
| Moja | krati /kɾati/ | kiñe /kiɲe/ | jun /hun/ | westíora /wɨstioɾa/ | ce /se/ | ce /se/ | un /un/ |
| Mbili | krobu /kɾobu/ | epu /epu/ | chaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | rabé /ɾabɨ/ | ome /ˈome/ | ome /ˈome/ | dos /dos/ |
| Tatu | komä /komæ/ | küla /kɨla/ | uxpʼejl /uʃpʼehl/ | kimisha /kimiʃa/ | eyi /ejiː/ | yeyi /jeji/ | tres /tɾes/ |
| Nne | kobogä /koboɡæ/ | meli /meli/ | chämpʼejl /tʃɨmpʼehl/ | chosko /tʃosko/ | nahui /naːwi/ | nahui /nawi/ | quatre /ˈkwatɾe/ |
| Tano | korige /koɾiɡe/ | kechu /ketʃu/ | joʼ /hoʔ/ | pichika /pitʃika/ | makuili /maˈkʷili/ | makuijli /makʷihli/ | cinc /siŋk/ |
| Mia | gre ketarike /ɡɾe ketaɾike/ | pataka /pataka/ | joʼkʼal /hoʔkʼal/ | pacha /patʃa/ | cien /sjen/ | ciento /ˈsjento/ | cent /sent/ |
| Habari | käre /kɨɾe/ | mari mari /maɾi maɾi/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | jakon raoma /hakon raoma/ | niltze /niltse/ | panolti /panolti/ | hola /ˈola/ |
| Asante | kuin /kuin/ | chaltu /tʃaltu/ | wokolix awälä /wokoliʃ awɨlɨ/ | irake /iɾake/ | tlaskamati /tɬaskamati/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | gràcies /ˈɡɾasies/ |
| Nzuri | kuin /kuin/ | küme /kɨme/ | utsʼat /utsʼat/ | jakon /hakon/ | kuali /kʷali/ | kuajli /kʷahli/ | bo /bɔ/ |
| Mpya | btin /btin/ | we /we/ | tsijib /tsihiɓ/ | bena /bɨna/ | yancuic /ˈjankʷik/ | yencuic /ˈjenkʷik/ | nou /nɔw/ |
| Nyekundu | tain /tain/ | kelü /kelɨ/ | chächäk /tʃɨtʃɨk/ | joshin /hoʃin/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ | roig /rɔtʃ/ |
| Nyeupe | ngwen /ŋʷen/ | liq /lɨɣ/ | säsäk /sɨsɨk/ | joxo /hoʂo/ | istak /istak/ | istak /istak/ | blanc /blaŋk/ |
| Nyeusi | drüne /dɾɨne/ | kurü /kuɾɨ/ | iʼikʼ /iʔikʼ/ | wiso /wiso/ | yayahuic /jaˈjawik/ | capotztic /kaˈpotstik/ | negre /ˈneɣɾe/ |
| Kijani | rerebare /ɾeɾebaɾe/ | karü /kaɾɨ/ | yäjyäx /jɨhjɨʃ/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | xoxohuic /ʃoˈʃowik/ | xoxojki /ʃoˈʃohki/ | verd /vɛɾt/ |
| Buluu | blure /bluɾe/ | kallfü /kaʎfɨ/ | yäjyäx /jɨhjɨʃ/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | azultic /aˈsultik/ | azul /aˈsul/ | blau /blaw/ |
| Kompyuta | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | komputadora /komputaðoɾa/ | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | — | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | ordinador /oɾðinaˈðoɾ/ |
| Chai | té /te/ | te /te/ | té /te/ | — | té /te/ | té /te/ | te /te/ |
| Kahawa | café /kafe/ | kafe /kafe/ | kajpe /kahpe/ | — | kafej /kafeh/ | café /kaˈfe/ | café /kaˈfe/ |
| Sukari | azúcar /asukaɾ/ | asukura /asukuɾa/ | asukal /asukal/ | asokaro /asokaɾo/ | chanchaka /tʃantʃaka/ | azúcar /aˈsukar/ | sucre /ˈsukɾe/ |
| Chungwa | naran /naɾan/ | — | alaxax /alaʃaʃ/ | — | lalax /ˈlalaːʃ/ | naranja /naˈranxa/ | taronja /taˈɾɔɲdʒa/ |
| 99 | gre ketabkä bti krä jätäbti krä ökän /ɡɾe ketabkæ bti kɾæ hætæbti kɾæ ɤkæn/ | aylla mari aylla /ajʎa maɾi ajʎa/ | — | iskon chonka iskon /iskon tʃonka iskon/ | — | napoajli huan majtlactli huan chicnahui /napoahli wan mahtɬaktɬi wan tʃiknawi/ | noranta-nou /noˈɾanta ˈnɔw/ |
Ukurasa 1/10
Fungua ramani shirikishi: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Sehemu ya LangMap — mradi wa kuonyesha lugha kwa picha. Huu ni muhtasari tuli unaoweza kutambaliwa; ramani shirikishi hutoa sauti ya matamshi, vichujio, na mwonekano wa dunia.
Imetengenezwa na Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · Mwanzo wa LangMap