Jaqaru aru
Kijaqaru
Aymara
Jaqaru (Jaqi aru, "lugha ya watu") ni mojawapo ya lugha mbili zilizo hai za familia ya Kiaymara (nyingine ikiwa Kiaymara, ay), ambayo inashiriki nayo takriban 30% ya msamiati na sifa nyingi za kisarufi (vizuizi vya ejective, mwambatano wenye viambishi vingi tamati, uwekaji alama wa ushahidi). Inazungumzwa karibu peke yake katika wilaya ndogo ya milimani ya Tupe katika Mkoa wa Yauyos wa Eneo la Lima, Peru, na mabaki madogo sana katika Cachuy iliyo karibu. Iko hatarini kubwa: wazungumzaji wengi vijana wamehamia Kihispania; UNESCO inaiainisha kama iliyo hatarini kabisa. Mtengano wa Jaqaru na Kiaymara unakadiriwa kuwa wa kina cha takriban miaka 1,500-2,000, jambo linalozifanya kuwa tofauti takriban kama lugha za Kiromance.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kijaqaru
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Aymara
| Maana | Kijaqaru | Kiaymara | Kikechua cha Klassiki | Kikecha cha Ayacucho | Kikecha cha Cuzco | Kikechua | Kipintupi-Luritja |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Moto | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | waru /waɻu/ |
| Jua | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | tjintu /cintu/ |
| Mwezi | paxshi /paχʃi/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | pira /piɻa/ |
| Nyota | waraxa /waɾaχa/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | quyllur /qojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ |
| Usiku | aruma /aruma/ | aruma /aruma/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | munga /muŋa/ |
| Mvua | jallu /haʎu/ | jallu /ˈxaʎu/ | para /para/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | para /ˈpara/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | — |
| Theluji | khunu /kʰunu/ | khunu /kʰunu/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | rasu /ɾasu/ | ritʼi /ritʼi/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | — |
| Upepo | wawya /wawja/ | thaya /ˈtʰaja/ | wayra /ˈwajra/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | walpa /walpa/ |
| Jiwe | qala /qala/ | qala /ˈqala/ | rumi /rumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | puḻi /puɭi/ |
| Mlima | qaaqa /qaːqa/ | qullu /quʎu/ | urqu /orqo/ | urqu /uɾqu/ | urqu /urqu/ | urqu /ˈuɾqu/ | puḻi katu /puɭi katu/ |
| Mama | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ |
| Baba | awki /awki/ | tata /tata/ | yaya /jaja/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | mama /mama/ |
| Mimi | na /na/ | naya /naja/ | ñuqa /ɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ |
| Wewe | juma /huma/ | juma /xuma/ | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | qan /qan/ | qam /qam/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| Sisi | jiwsa /hiwsa/ | jiwasa / nanaka /xiwasa / nanaka/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲoqantʃik / ɲoqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | ñuqanchis / ñuqayku /ɲoˈqantʃis / ɲoˈqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ |
| Jina | shutyi /ʃuci/ | suti /suti/ | suti /suti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | yini /jini/ |
| Mtu | jaqi /haqi/ | jaqi /xaqi/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ɾuna/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ˈɾuna/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ |
| Kichwa | nampʼa /nampʼa/ | pʼiqi /pʼiqi/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /ˈuma/ | kata /kata/ |
| Jicho | nayra /najɾa/ | nayra /najɾa/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | kuru /kuɻu/ |
| Sikio | jinchu /hintʃu/ | jinchu /xintʃu/ | rinri /ɾinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | rinri /rinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | pina /pina/ |
| Pua | nasa /nasa/ | nasa /ˈnasa/ | sinqa /siŋqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | sinqa /ˈsɛnqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | mulya /muʎa/ |
| Jino | shimi /ʃimi/ | lakʼa /lakʼa/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | katiti /katiti/ |
| Ulimi | naxra /naχra/ | laxra /laχra/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ |
| Mkono | ampara /ampaɾa/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | mara /maɻa/ |
| Mguu | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | tjina /cina/ |
| Moyo | kurasunha /kuɾasunha/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | kututu /kututu/ |
| Mfupa | tsʼaaka /tsʼaːka/ | chʼakha /tʃʼakʰa/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tarrka /taɾka/ |
| Damu | wila /wila/ | wila /wila/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | milkali /milkali/ |
| Upendo | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munay /munaj/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ |
| Mti | arbuli /aɾbuli/ | quqa /quqa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | punu /punu/ |
| Mbwa | hallqʼu /haʎqʼu/ | anu /anu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | papa /papa/ |
| Paka | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | misi /misi/ | michi /mitʃi/ | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Samaki | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | piitji /piːʈi/ |
| Ndege | chʼipi /tʃʼipi/ | jamachʼi /xamatʃʼi/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ |
| Yai | nuru /nuɾu/ | kʼawna /kʼawna/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /runtu/ | runtu /ˈɾuntu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ |
| Nyumba | uta /uta/ | uta /uta/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ |
| Chumvi | katyi /kaci/ | jayu /ˈxaju/ | kachi /katʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | paṉṯu /paɳʈu/ |
| Kula | paluña /paluɲa/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ |
| Kunywa | umaña /umaɲa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | tjikini /cikini/ |
| Kulala | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | puñuy /puɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ |
| Moja | maya /maja/ | maya /maja/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | kutju /kucu/ |
| Mbili | paxa /paχa/ | paya /paja/ | iskay /iskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ |
| Tatu | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kinsa /kinsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ |
| Nne | pushi /puʃi/ | pusi /pusi/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | puupala /puːpala/ |
| Tano | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | phisqa /ˈpʰisqa/ | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | payipala /pajipala/ |
| Mia | pachak /patʃak/ | pataka /pataka/ | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | yantaṯa /jantaʈa/ |
| Habari | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Asante | yuspaa /juspaː/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Nzuri | shuma /ʃuma/ | suma /suma/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Mpya | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | musuq /mosoq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /ˈmusuq/ | kuwarritja /kuwaɾica/ |
| Nyekundu | chukapa /tʃukapa/ | wila /wila/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | yulpa /julpa/ |
| Nyeupe | janqʼu /hanqʼu/ | janqʼu /ˈxaɴqʼu/ | yuraq /juraq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ |
| Nyeusi | tsʼirara /tsʼiɾaɾa/ | chʼiyara /tʃʼijara/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | maru /maɻu/ |
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