Plang
Blang
Austroasiatic (Palaungic, Waic)
Blang is an Austroasiatic language of the Palaungic branch, spoken by roughly 68,000 of the Blang nationality of China, 120,000 in the 2010 census. Most speakers live in Menghai and elsewhere in Xishuangbanna, in southern Yunnan, with related communities in Myanmar and Thailand; speakers call themselves Plang. The language has no writing system of its own in everyday use, though Blang has been written with borrowed Tai scripts, and it is tonal; Blang people commonly also use Dai (Tai Lue) and Chinese. Its closest relative is Samtao, and it belongs to the Waic side of Palaungic along with Wa (wbm), Parauk (prk) and Eastern Lawa (lwl), which this atlas carries as separate rows. The Blang are among the oldest tea-growing peoples of Yunnan: the ancient tea forests of Jingmai Mountain, which they and the Dai have tended for a thousand years, were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 2023. Blang villages traditionally practise Theravada Buddhism alongside older spirit rites.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Blang
Sources
- Peiros, I. (2004) Genetic Classification of Austroasiatic Languages — doculect Plang, via lexibank/peirosaustroasiatic
- Glottolog: Blang
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Austroasiatic (Palaungic, Waic)
| Meaning | Blang | Achang | Sui | Ho Ne She | Southern Dong | Ha Hlai | Central Gelao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | ʔom33 /ʔom˧˧/ | ti55 /ti˥˥/ | nam3 /nam˧˧/ | ɔŋ31 /ɔŋ˧˩/ | nɐm31 /nɐm˧˩/ | nom3 /nom˩˩/ | əɯ55 /əɯ˥˥/ |
| Fire | ŋɔi31 /ŋɔi˧˩/ | poi31 /poi˧˩/ | vi1 /vi˩˩/ | tʰɔ54 /tʰɔ˥˦/ | pui55 /pui˥˥/ | fei1 /fei˥˧/ | pai33 /pai˧˧/ |
| Sun | ŋai31 sa31 ŋi51 /ŋai˧˩ sa˧˩ ŋi˥˩/ | ni31 mɔ31 /ni˧˩ mɔ˧˩/ | ⁿda1 van1 /ⁿda˩˩ van˩˩/ | lɔk22 kɔ44 /lɔk˨˨ kɔ˦˦/ | ta53 mən55 /ta˥˧ mən˥˥/ | tsha1 hwan1 /tsʰa˥˧ hwan˥˧/ | — /—/ |
| Moon | kaŋ33 khi51 /kaŋ˧˧ kʰi˥˩/ | pʰă31 lɔʔ31 /pʰă˧˩ lɔʔ˧˩/ | njen2 /njen˧˩/ | paŋ44 kɔ44 le11 /paŋ˦˦ kɔ˦˦ le˩˩/ | kwaŋ55 ɲan55 /kwaŋ˥˥ ɲan˥˥/ | ȵa:n1 /ȵaːn˥˧/ | tsu33 /tsu˧˧/ |
| Star | sa31 məiŋ51 /sa˧˩ məiŋ˥˩/ | kʰʐə55 /kʰʐə˥˥/ | zət7 /zət˥˥/ | le11 taŋ22 /le˩˩ taŋ˨˨/ | ɕət55 /ɕət˥˥/ | ra:u1 /raːu˥˧/ | lei31 tsu33 /lei˧˩ tsu˧˧/ |
| Night | ta51 buh51 /ta˥˩ buh˥˩/ | ni31 tɕʰot35 /ni˧˩ tɕʰot˧˥/ | saan2 /saːn˧˩/ | mɤŋ11 kaŋ54 /mɤŋ˩˩ kaŋ˥˦/ | ɲɐm53 /ɲɐm˥˧/ | tshop7 /tsʰop˥˥/ | men33 si44 /men˧˧ si˦˦/ |
| Rain | lei51 /lei˥˩/ | mau31 ʐo55 /mau˧˩ ʐo˥˥/ | fən1 /fən˩˩/ | lɤŋ44 /lɤŋ˦˦/ | pjən55 /pjən˥˥/ | fun1 /fun˥˧/ | mei44 zau44 /mei˦˦ zau˦˦/ |
| Wind | kɨn51 /kɨn˥˩/ | l̥i55 /l̥i˥˥/ | lum1 /lum˩˩/ | ki22 /ki˨˨/ | ləm212 /ləm˨˩˨/ | hwo:t7 /hwoːt˥˥/ | ven44 /ven˦˦/ |
| Earth | ka31 tɛ51 /ka˧˩ tɛ˥˩/ | mi55 /mi˥˥/ | hum5 /hum˧˥/ | ta22 /ta˨˨/ | nam33 /nam˧˧/ | van1 /van˥˧/ | nta44 /nta˦˦/ |
| Stone | — /—/ | laŋ31kɔʔ55 /laŋ˧˩kɔʔ˥˥/ | tin2 /tin˧˩/ | ŋa22 /ŋa˨˨/ | pja55 /pja˥˥/ | tshi:n1 /tsʰiːn˥˧/ | əɯ33 /əɯ˧˧/ |
| Mountain | ka31 ʔaŋ55 /ka˧˩ ʔaŋ˥˥/ | pum55 /pum˥˥/ | nu2 /nu˧˩/ | hɔ22 /hɔ˨˨/ | — | — | — |
| Sea | ʔum51 hɔn51 /ʔum˥˩ hɔn˥˩/ | nam31 tɕu31 /nam˧˩ tɕu˧˩/ | haai3 /haːi˧˧/ | fui44 /fui˦˦/ | hɐi13 /hɐi˩˧/ | la:ŋ3 /laːŋ˩˩/ | hai33 /hai˧˧/ |
| Mother | ma31 ʔe51 /ma˧˩ ʔe˥˩/ | mauʔ51 /mauʔ˥˩/ | ni4 /ni˥˩/ | a22 me35 /a˨˨ me˧˥/ | nɐi31 /nɐi˧˩/ | pai3 /pai˩˩/ | mɒ13 /mɒ˩˧/ |
| Father | kɨiŋ51 ʔe51 /kɨiŋ˥˩ ʔe˥˩/ | teʔ55 /teʔ˥˥/ | pu4 /pu˥˩/ | a22 pa44 /a˨˨ pa˦˦/ | pu31 /pu˧˩/ | pha3 /pʰa˩˩/ | pʰɒ44 /pʰɒ˦˦/ |
| Daughter | kɔn51 ka31 pon51 /kɔn˥˩ ka˧˩ pon˥˩/ | tsaŋ31 ʑi31 /tsaŋ˧˩ ʑi˧˩/ | laak8 ʔbjaak7 /laːk˦˨ ʔbjaːk˧˥/ | — | pəi31 /pəi˧˩/ | ɬɯ:k7 pai3 khau2 /ɬɯːk˥˥ pai˩˩ kʰau˥˥/ | li42 məi35 /li˦˨ məi˧˥/ |
| I | ʔɨt33 /ʔɨt˧˧/ | ŋɔ55 /ŋɔ˥˥/ | ʔai2 /ʔai˧˩/ | vaŋ54 /vaŋ˥˦/ | jau212 /jau˨˩˨/ | hou1 /hou˥˧/ | i33 /i˧˧/ |
| You | mit33 /mit˧˧/ | nuaŋ55 /nuaŋ˥˥/ | ȵa2 /ȵa˧˩/ | mɤŋ31 /mɤŋ˧˩/ | ɲa212 /ɲa˨˩˨/ | meɯ1 /meɯ˥˧/ | mu31 /mu˧˩/ |
| We | ʔet33 ti31 /ʔet˧˧ ti˧˩/ | ŋɔ55 tuʔ31 /ŋɔ˥˥ tuʔ˧˩/ | ȶən1 ⁿdaau1 / ȶən1 ⁿdiu1 /ȶən˩˩ ⁿdaːu˩˩ / ȶən˩˩ ⁿdiu˩˩/ | le31 pa22 /le˧˩ pa˨˨/ | tau55 / tɕiu55 /tau˥˥ / tɕiu˥˥/ | ga / fa1 /ɡa / fa˥˧/ | su33 ta33 /su˧˧ ta˧˧/ |
| Name | mɨh31 /mɨh˧˩/ | a31 nʲiŋ55 /a˧˩ nʲiŋ˥˥/ | ʔdaan1 /ʔdaːn˩˩/ | mui31 /mui˧˩/ | kwan55 /kwan˥˥/ | phe:ŋ1 /pʰeːŋ˥˧/ | ntsai44 /ntsai˦˦/ |
| Person | pəi51 /pəi˥˩/ | tʂo55 /tʂo˥˥/ | zən1 /zən˩˩/ | le31 /le˧˩/ | ɲən212 /ɲən˨˩˨/ | u2 a:u1 /u˥˥ aːu˥˧/ | tɕʰi55 /tɕʰi˥˥/ |
| Head | ka31 tɔŋ33 /ka˧˩ tɔŋ˧˧/ | nă31kuaŋ31 /nă˧˩kuaŋ˧˩/ | ku3 /ku˧˧/ | kuaŋ35 kʰɤ11 /kuaŋ˧˥ kʰɤ˩˩/ | kau323 /kau˧˨˧/ | gwou3 /ɡwou˩˩/ | klɒ24 /klɒ˨˦/ |
| Eye | ŋai33 /ŋai˧˧/ | nʲɔʔ55 tsiʔ31 /nʲɔʔ˥˥ tsiʔ˧˩/ | ⁿda1 /ⁿda˩˩/ | ka22 kʰɔ44 /ka˨˨ kʰɔ˦˦/ | ta55 /ta˥˥/ | tsha1 /tsʰa˥˧/ | ləɯ13 tau33 /ləɯ˩˧ tau˧˧/ |
| Ear | ja31 juk51 /ja˧˩ juk˥˩/ | ni31 ʈʂʰua31 /ni˧˩ ʈʂʰua˧˩/ | qha1 /qʰa˩˩/ | ka31 kʰɤŋ44 /ka˧˩ kʰɤŋ˦˦/ | kha35 /kʰa˧˥/ | zai1 /zai˥˧/ | zau44 /zau˦˦/ |
| Nose | mɨh33 /mɨh˧˧/ | n̥ʲɔŋ55 /n̥ʲɔŋ˥˥/ | ʔnaŋ1 /ʔnaŋ˩˩/ | kʰɤŋ44 piu54 /kʰɤŋ˦˦ piu˥˦/ | mɐŋ55 /mɐŋ˥˥/ | khat7 /kʰat˥˥/ | ȵtɕe24 /ȵtɕe˨˦/ |
| Mouth | mɔiŋ51 /mɔiŋ˥˩/ | n̥ʲot55 /n̥ʲot˥˥/ | paak7 /paːk˧˥/ | tiɔ31 /tiɔ˧˩/ | ʔəp55 /ʔəp˥˥/ | pom3 /pom˩˩/ | ŋku44 /ŋku˦˦/ |
| Tooth | haŋ33 /haŋ˧˧/ | tɕoi55 /tɕoi˥˥/ | vjən1 /vjən˩˩/ | mun44 /mun˦˦/ | pjɐn55 /pjɐn˥˥/ | fan1 /fan˥˧/ | pan33 /pan˧˧/ |
| Tongue | ka31 tak51 /ka˧˩ tak˥˩/ | ɕɔ55 /ɕɔ˥˥/ | ʔu1 ma2 /ʔu˩˩ ma˧˩/ | pi35 /pi˧˥/ | ma212 /ma˨˩˨/ | ɬi:n3 /ɬiːn˩˩/ | pʰi55 te24 /pʰi˥˥ te˨˦/ |
| Hand | ti51 /ti˥˩/ | lɔʔ55 /lɔʔ˥˥/ | mjə1 /mjə˩˩/ | kʰua54 /kʰua˥˦/ | mja212 /mja˨˩˨/ | meɯ1 /meɯ˥˧/ | mpau44 /mpau˦˦/ |
| Foot | ćuŋ51 /tɕuŋ˥˩/ | tɕʰi55 /tɕʰi˥˥/ | tin1 /tin˩˩/ | tɔ11 /tɔ˩˩/ | tin55 /tin˥˥/ | khok7 /kʰok˥˥/ | qa24 /qa˨˦/ |
| Heart | ćit51 /tɕit˥˩/ | n̥ʲa55 lum31 /n̥ʲa˥˥ lum˧˩/ | ɕim1 /ɕim˩˩/ | — /—/ | səm323 /səm˧˨˧/ | ɬa:u3 /ɬaːu˩˩/ | — /—/ |
| Bone | sa31 ʔaŋ33 /sa˧˩ ʔaŋ˧˧/ | a31ʐau31 /a˧˩ʐau˧˩/ | laak7 /laːk˧˥/ | sɤŋ44 /sɤŋ˦˦/ | lak323 /lak˧˨˧/ | vɯ:k7 /vɯːk˥˥/ | taŋ31 /taŋ˧˩/ |
| Blood | nam55 /nam˥˥/ | sui31 /sui˧˩/ | phjaat7 /pʰjaːt˧˥/ | si44 /si˦˦/ | phat13 /pʰat˩˧/ | ɬa:ȶ7 /ɬaːȶ˥˥/ | plɒ24 /plɒ˨˦/ |
| Love | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Tree | khu51 /kʰu˥˩/ | saŋ31 tseŋ55 /saŋ˧˩ tseŋ˥˥/ | mai4 /mai˥˩/ | — /—/ | mɐi31 /mɐi˧˩/ | tshai1 /tsʰai˥˧/ | — /—/ |
| Dog | so51 /so˥˩/ | xui31 /xui˧˩/ | m̥a1 /m̥a˩˩/ | kia44 /kia˦˦/ | ŋwa35 /ŋwa˧˥/ | pa1 /pa˥˧/ | mpau33 /mpau˧˧/ |
| Cat | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Fish | ka33 /ka˧˧/ | ŋa31 ʂua31 /ŋa˧˩ ʂua˧˩/ | mom6 /mom˨˦/ | pia54 /pia˥˦/ | pa55 /pa˥˥/ | ɬa1 /ɬa˥˧/ | ɒ55 lau44 /ɒ˥˥ lau˦˦/ |
| Bird | sim33 /sim˧˧/ | m̥ɔʔ55 /m̥ɔʔ˥˥/ | nok8 /nok˧˩/ | lɔ54 /lɔ˥˦/ | mok21 /mok˨˩/ | taȶ7 /taȶ˥˥/ | ntau31 /ntau˧˩/ |
| Butterfly | ćak31 ka31 lau33 /tɕak˧˩ ka˧˩ lau˧˧/ | phă31ʐam35tʂam55 /pʰă˧˩ʐam˧˥tʂam˥˥/ | ʔba3 /ʔba˧˧/ | — /—/ | ma55 mən323 /ma˥˥ mən˧˨˧/ | pɯ1 tshom1 /pɯ˥˧ tsʰom˥˧/ | — |
| Egg | ka31 tɔm33 /ka˧˩ tɔm˧˧/ | uʔ31 /uʔ˧˩/ | kai5 /kai˧˥/ | ka11 /ka˩˩/ | kɐi53 /kɐi˥˧/ | zɯ:m1 /zɯːm˥˧/ | tan33 /tan˧˧/ |
| Horse | ka31 hɔŋ51 /ka˧˩ hɔŋ˥˩/ | m̥ʐaŋ31 /m̥ʐaŋ˧˩/ | ma4 /ma˥˩/ | — | ma31 /ma˧˩/ | ka3 /ka˩˩/ | — |
| House | ɲa31 /ɲa˧˩/ | in55 /in˥˥/ | ɣaan2 /ɣaːn˧˩/ | liu31 tɤŋ35 /liu˧˩ tɤŋ˧˥/ | jan212 /jan˨˩˨/ | ploŋ3 /ploŋ˩˩/ | qə33 /qə˧˧/ |
| Milk | ʔum51 pə31 /ʔum˥˩ pə˧˩/ | nau35 /nau˧˥/ | tiu4 /tiu˥˩/ | — | nɐm31 məi323 /nɐm˧˩ məi˧˨˧/ | nom3 tshei1 /nom˩˩ tsʰei˥˧/ | — |
| Honey | ʔum51 pheh31 /ʔum˥˩ pʰeh˧˩/ | — | taaŋ2 luk8 /taːŋ˧˩ luk˧˩/ | — | mət212 taŋ212 /mət˨˩˨ taŋ˨˩˨/ | nom3 ko:i1 /nom˩˩ koːi˥˧/ | mo42 ji31 /mo˦˨ ji˧˩/ |
| Salt | kih33 /kih˧˧/ | tɕʰɔ31 /tɕʰɔ˧˩/ | ʔdwə1 /ʔdwə˩˩/ | tsa44 /tsa˦˦/ | jim212 /jim˨˩˨/ | ȵa:u3 /ȵaːu˩˩/ | ȵtɕəɯ44 /ȵtɕəɯ˦˦/ |
| Wine | pai33 phu31 thau33 /pai˧˧ pʰu˧˩ tʰau˧˧/ | — | haau3 ʔit7 /haːu˧˧ ʔit˥˥/ | — | kwau323 phu212 thau212 tɕiu53 /kwau˧˨˧ pʰu˨˩˨ tʰau˨˩˨ tɕiu˥˧/ | bi:ŋ2 phu3 tha:u3 /biːŋ˥˥ pʰu˩˩ tʰaːu˩˩/ | — |
| Iron | lek33 /lek˧˧/ | ʂam55 /ʂam˥˥/ | ɕət7 /ɕət˥˥/ | — | kwat35 /kwat˧˥/ | go:i1 /ɡoːi˥˧/ | — |
| Wheel | tɔm31 puk51 /tɔm˧˩ puk˥˩/ | — | quk8 luk8 tshə3 /quk˧˩ luk˧˩ tsʰə˧˧/ | — | lok55 /lok˥˥/ | pai3 tshia1 /pai˩˩ tsʰia˥˧/ | — |
| Book | ka31 nak33 /ka˧˩ nak˧˧/ | a31pʐo55 /a˧˩pʐo˥˥/ | le1 /le˩˩/ | — | le212 /le˨˩˨/ | bui1 tshia3 /bui˥˧ tsʰia˩˩/ | — |
| Eat | ʔeŋ33 /ʔeŋ˧˧/ | tɕɔ31 /tɕɔ˧˩/ | ʔman3 /ʔman˧˧/ | lɤŋ31 /lɤŋ˧˩/ | tɕan55 /tɕan˥˥/ | la2 /la˥˥/ | xɒ33 /xɒ˧˧/ |
| Drink | ɲɨ51 /ɲɨ˥˩/ | ʂoʔ55 /ʂoʔ˥˥/ | ɣəm4 /ɣəm˥˩/ | hɔ35 /hɔ˧˥/ | wum31 /wum˧˩/ | hja:u1 /hjaːu˥˧/ | han55 /han˥˥/ |
| Sleep | ʔit33 /ʔit˧˧/ | e31 /e˧˩/ | n̥ak7 /n̥ak˥˥/ | ŋiŋ35 /ŋiŋ˧˥/ | nun212 /nun˨˩˨/ | kau2 /kau˥˥/ | ŋka31 /ŋka˧˩/ |
| One | ti31 /ti˧˩/ | ta31 /ta˧˩/ | to2 /to˧˩/ | i35 /i˧˥/ | ʔi55 /ʔi˥˥/ | tsheɯ3 /tsʰeɯ˩˩/ | si33 /si˧˧/ |
| Two | lai33 /lai˧˧/ | sək55 /sək˥˥/ | ɣa2 /ɣa˧˩/ | u22 /u˨˨/ | ja323 /ja˧˨˧/ | ɬau3 /ɬau˩˩/ | su33 /su˧˧/ |
| Three | — /—/ | sum31 /sum˧˩/ | haam1 /haːm˩˩/ | pa22 /pa˨˨/ | sam35 /sam˧˥/ | fu3 /fu˩˩/ | ta33 /ta˧˧/ |
| Four | pun35 /pun˧˥/ | mi31 /mi˧˩/ | hi5 /hi˧˥/ | pi35 /pi˧˥/ | si453 /si˦˥˧/ | tshau3 /tsʰau˩˩/ | pu33 /pu˧˧/ |
| Five | phɔn35 /pʰɔn˧˥/ | ŋɔ31 /ŋɔ˧˩/ | ŋo4 /ŋo˥˩/ | pi22 /pi˨˨/ | ŋo31 /ŋo˧˩/ | pa1 /pa˥˧/ | mpu44 /mpu˦˦/ |
| Hundred | ti31 roi31 /ti˧˩ roi˧˩/ | pak35 /pak˧˥/ | pek7 /pek˥˥/ | i35 pa11 /i˧˥ pa˩˩/ | pek323 /pek˧˨˧/ | gwa:n1 /ɡwaːn˥˧/ | tɕin33 /tɕin˧˧/ |
| Hello | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Thank you | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Good | nhɔm33 /n̥ɔm˧˧/ | tɕi55 /tɕi˥˥/ | ʔdaai1 /ʔdaːi˩˩/ | ŋɔŋ11 /ŋɔŋ˩˩/ | lai55 /lai˥˥/ | ɬeȵ1 /ɬeȵ˥˧/ | ɒ33 /ɒ˧˧/ |
| New | su51 /su˥˩/ | ʂək55 /ʂək˥˥/ | m̥ai5 /m̥ai˧˥/ | tɤ35 hin22 /tɤ˧˥ hin˨˨/ | mɐi453 /mɐi˦˥˧/ | pa:n1 /paːn˥˧/ | mu44 /mu˦˦/ |
| Red | sa31 khak33 /sa˧˩ kʰak˧˧/ | na55 /na˥˥/ | haan3 /haːn˧˧/ | si11 /si˩˩/ | ja453 /ja˦˥˧/ | de:ŋ3 /deːŋ˩˩/ | plɒ24 /plɒ˨˦/ |
| White | paiŋ51 /paiŋ˥˩/ | pʰʐo55 /pʰʐo˥˥/ | paak8 /paːk˦˨/ | kiɔ22 /kiɔ˨˨/ | pak31 /pak˧˩/ | kha:u1 /kʰaːu˥˧/ | zu24 /zu˨˦/ |
| Black | lhɔŋ31 /l̥ɔŋ˧˩/ | lɔk55 /lɔk˥˥/ | ʔnam1 /ʔnam˩˩/ | kiaŋ22 /kiaŋ˨˨/ | nɐm55 /nɐm˥˥/ | dom3 /dom˩˩/ | lan33 /lan˧˧/ |
| Green | khiu33 /kʰiu˧˧/ | nʲau55 /nʲau˥˥/ | ȶhu1 /ȶʰu˩˩/ | ka35 pʰɤ54 kʰun31 /ka˧˥ pʰɤ˥˦ kʰun˧˩/ | su35 /su˧˥/ | khi:u1 /kʰiːu˥˧/ | ten55 /ten˥˥/ |
| Blue | lən51 /lən˥˩/ | səm31 /səm˧˩/ | śu1 /ɕu˩˩/ | — | pha35 su55 /pʰa˧˥ su˥˥/ | khi:u1 /kʰiːu˥˧/ | su42 luŋ42 /su˦˨ luŋ˦˨/ |
| Sugar | ʔum51 mɛʔ33 /ʔum˥˩ mɛʔ˧˧/ | năm31muai31 /năm˧˩muai˧˩/ | taaŋ2 /taːŋ˧˩/ | — | taŋ212 /taŋ˨˩˨/ | nom3 tha:ŋ3 /nom˩˩ tʰaːŋ˩˩/ | ma31 thaŋ42 /ma˧˩ tʰaŋ˦˨/ |
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