Zarmaciine
Zarma
Songhai (Southern)
Zarma (Zarmaciine) is the largest Songhai variety by speaker count, native to the Niger River valley around Niamey. It is one of the national languages of Niger, where it is the L1 of the Zarma-Songhai people. Songhai is genealogically isolated within Africa (sometimes Nilo-Saharan, sometimes treated as an independent family); Zarma differs from Eastern Songhai (Koyraboro Senni, ses) primarily in phonology and lexicon.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Zarma
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Songhai (Southern)
| Meaning | Zarma | Koyra Chiini | Koyraboro Senni | Nagamese | Hiri Motu | Motu | Rohingya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | hari /hari/ | hari /hari/ | hari /hari/ | pani /pani/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | faní /fani/ |
| Fire | danji /dandʒi/ | nuune /nuːne/ | nuune /nuːne/ | jui /dʒui/ | lahi /lahi/ | lahi /lahi/ | ooin /oːin/ |
| Sun | wayna /wajna/ | wari /wari/ | wayna /wajna/ | suruj /suɾudʒ/ | dina /dina/ | dina /dina/ | beil /beil/ |
| Moon | handu /handu/ | handu /handu/ | handu /handu/ | chand /tʃaːnd/ | hua /hua/ | hua /hua/ | sán /sãn/ |
| Star | handariya /handarija/ | handariya /handarija/ | handaray /handaraj/ | tara /taɾa/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | tara /tara/ |
| Night | ciini /tʃiːni/ | cin /tʃin/ | cijin /tʃidʒin/ | rati /rati/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | rait /rait/ |
| Rain | beyna hari /bejna hari/ | — | ncirɲi /ntʃirɲi/ | borkhon /boɾkʰon/ | medu /medu/ | medu /medu/ | zór /zɔr/ |
| Wind | haw /haw/ | — | hew /hew/ | hawa /hawa/ | lai /lai/ | lai /lai/ | boiyar /bojar/ |
| Earth | laabu /laːbu/ | laabu /laːbu/ | labu /labu/ | mati /mati/ | tano /tano/ | tano /tano/ | mati /mati/ |
| Stone | tondi /tondi/ | tondi /tondi/ | tondi /tondi/ | pathor /patʰor/ | nadi /ˈnadi/ | nadi /nadi/ | fattór /fatːɔr/ |
| Sea | teeku /teːku/ | — | teeku /teːku/ | samundar /samundaɾ/ | davara /davara/ | davara /davara/ | doijja /dɔidʒa/ |
| Mother | ñaa /ɲaː/ | nya /ɲa/ | ɲaa /ɲaː/ | ma /ma/ | sina /sina/ | sinana /sinana/ | maa /maː/ |
| Father | baba /baba/ | baaba /baːba/ | baaba /baːba/ | baba /baba/ | tama /tama/ | tamana /tamana/ | baba /baba/ |
| Daughter | ize way /ize waj/ | — | ize woy /ize woj/ | chukri /tʃukɾi/ | natuna kekeni /natuna kekeni/ | natuna kekenina /natuna kekenina/ | zíi /ziː/ |
| I | ay /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ay /aj/ | moi /moi/ | lau /lau/ | lau /lau/ | añí /ãɲi/ |
| You | ni /ni/ | ni /ni/ | ni /ni/ | tumi /tumi/ | oi /oi/ | oi /oi/ | tuñí /tuɲi/ |
| We | iri /iri/ | yer /jer/ | iri /iri/ | amikhan /amikʰan/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | añára /ãɲara/ |
| Name | maa /maː/ | maa /maː/ | maa /maː/ | naam /nam/ | ladana /laˈdana/ | ladana /ladana/ | nam /nam/ |
| Person | boro /boro/ | boro /boro/ | boro /boro/ | manu /manu/ | taunimanima /taunimanima/ | taunimanima /taunimanima/ | manúc /manuʃ/ |
| Head | boŋ /boŋ/ | boŋ /boŋ/ | boŋ /boŋ/ | matha /matʰa/ | kwarana /kʷarana/ | kwara /kʷaɾa/ | matá /mata/ |
| Eye | mo /mo/ | mo /mo/ | moo /moː/ | suku /suku/ | matana /matana/ | matana /matana/ | suk /suk/ |
| Ear | hanga /haŋɡa/ | hanga /haŋɡa/ | haŋa /haŋa/ | kan /kan/ | taiana /taiana/ | taiana /taiana/ | han /han/ |
| Nose | nine /nine/ | nine /nine/ | niine /niːne/ | nak /nak/ | udubaubauna /udubaubauna/ | udu-baubau /udubaubau/ | nak /nak/ |
| Mouth | me /me/ | me /me/ | mee /meː/ | mukh /mukʰ/ | uduna /uduna/ | udu /udu/ | gal /ɡal/ |
| Tooth | hinje /hindʒe/ | hinje /hindʒe/ | hiɲe /hiɲe/ | dat /dat/ | isena /isena/ | ise /ise/ | dat /dat/ |
| Tongue | deene /deːne/ | deene /deːne/ | deene /deːne/ | jib /dʒib/ | mala /mala/ | mala /mala/ | zíb /zib/ |
| Hand | kambe /kambe/ | kambe /kambe/ | kabe /kabe/ | hath /haːtʰ/ | ima /ima/ | ima /ima/ | hát /hat/ |
| Foot | ce /tʃe/ | cee /tʃeː/ | cee /tʃeː/ | theng /tʰeŋ/ | ae /ae/ | ae /ae/ | théng /ʈʰeŋ/ |
| Heart | bina /bina/ | bine /bine/ | bine /bine/ | mon /mon/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | dil /dil/ |
| Bone | biri /biri/ | biri /biri/ | biri /biri/ | haddi /hadːi/ | turia /turia/ | turia /turia/ | háñdhdhi /hãɖːi/ |
| Blood | kuri /kuri/ | kuri /kuri/ | kuri /kuri/ | khun /kʰun/ | rara /rara/ | rara /rara/ | lou /lou/ |
| Love | baa /baː/ | baŋa /baŋa/ | baa /baː/ | morom /moɾom/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | muhábbot /muhabːot/ |
| Tree | tuuri /tuːri/ | tuuri /tuːri/ | tuuri /tuːri/ | gus /ɡus/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | gas /ɡas/ |
| Dog | hansi /hansi/ | hansi /hansi/ | hansi /hansi/ | kukur /kukuɾ/ | sisia /sisia/ | sisia /sisia/ | kuñir /kuɲir/ |
| Cat | muusu /muːsu/ | muusu /muːsu/ | muusi /muːsi/ | mekuri /mekuɾi/ | pusi /pusi/ | gosi /ɡosi/ | bilai /bilai/ |
| Fish | hamisa /hamisa/ | hamisa /hamisa/ | hamiisa /hamiːsa/ | maas /maːs/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | mas /mas/ |
| Bird | curoize /tʃuroize/ | cirow /tʃirow/ | ciraw /tʃiraw/ | sorai /sɔrai/ | manu /manu/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | faik /faik/ |
| Egg | gunguri /ɡuŋɡuri/ | gunguri /ɡuŋɡuri/ | guuri /ɡuːri/ | anda /anda/ | gatoi /ɡatoi/ | gatoi /ɡatoi/ | dhim /dim/ |
| Horse | bari /bari/ | bari /bari/ | bari /bari/ | ghora /ɡʱoɾa/ | hosi /hosi/ | hosi /hosi/ | gúra /ɡura/ |
| House | fu /fu/ | huu /huː/ | hugu /huɡu/ | ghor /ɡʱoɾ/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | gór /ɡɔr/ |
| Milk | wa /wa/ | waa /waː/ | waa /waː/ | dudh /dudʱ/ | rata /rata/ | rata /rata/ | dud /dud/ |
| Honey | yu /ju/ | — | yuu /juː/ | mou pani /mou pani/ | — | bada ranuna /bada ɾanuna/ | moudu /moudu/ |
| Salt | ciiri /tʃiːri/ | — | ciiri /tʃiːri/ | nimok /nimok/ | damena /damena/ | damena /damena/ | nun /nun/ |
| Rice | mo /mo/ | — | — | — | raisi /raisi/ | raisi /raisi/ | soil /sɔil/ |
| Iron | guuru /ɡuːru/ | guuru /ɡuːru/ | guuru /ɡuːru/ | luha /luha/ | auri /ˈauɾi/ | auri /ˈauɾi/ | luwá /luwa/ |
| Book | tira /tira/ | — | citaabu /tʃitaːbu/ | kitab /kitab/ | buka /ˈbuka/ | buka /buka/ | kitab /kitab/ |
| Eat | ŋwa /ŋwa/ | ŋwa /ŋwa/ | ŋaa /ŋaː/ | kha /kʰa/ | ania /ania/ | aniani /aniani/ | háwa /haːwa/ |
| Drink | haŋ /haŋ/ | hane /hane/ | haŋ /haŋ/ | pi /pi/ | inua /inua/ | inuinu /inuinu/ | piya /pija/ |
| Sleep | jirbi /dʒirbi/ | — | jirbi /dʒirbi/ | ghum /ɡʱum/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | gúmza /ɡumza/ |
| One | affo /afːo/ | afoo /afoː/ | affoo /afːoː/ | ek /ek/ | ta /ta/ | ta /ta/ | ek /ek/ |
| Two | ihinka /ihiŋka/ | hiŋka /hiŋka/ | ihinka /ihiŋka/ | dui /dui/ | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | dui /dui/ |
| Three | ihinza /ihinza/ | hinza /hinza/ | hinza /hinza/ | tin /tin/ | toi /toi/ | toi /toi/ | tin /tin/ |
| Four | taaci /taːtʃi/ | taaci /taːtʃi/ | taaci /taːtʃi/ | char /tʃar/ | hani /hani/ | hani /hani/ | sair /sair/ |
| Five | gu /ɡu/ | guu /ɡuː/ | guu /ɡuː/ | pans /pans/ | ima /ima/ | ima /ima/ | fañs /fãs/ |
| Hundred | zangu /zaŋɡu/ | jongu /dʒoŋɡu/ | zangu /zaŋɡu/ | eksoh /eksoh/ | handred /handred/ | sinahu /sinahu/ | cót /ʃɔt/ |
| Hello | fofo /fofo/ | fofo /fofo/ | fofo /fofo/ | namaskar /namaskaɾ/ | namona /namona/ | namo gida /namo ɡida/ | assalam /assalam/ |
| Thank you | fofo /fofo/ | barka /barka/ | barka /barka/ | dhonyobad /dʱoɲobad/ | tanikiu /tanikiu/ | oi namo /oi namo/ | cúkuriya /ʃukurija/ |
| Good | boori /boːri/ | boori /boːri/ | boori /boːri/ | bhal /bʱal/ | namo /namo/ | namo /namo/ | bála /baːla/ |
| Red | ciray /tʃiraj/ | ciray /tʃiraj/ | ciray /tʃiraj/ | lal /lal/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | lal /lal/ |
| White | kwaaray /kwaːraj/ | — | kaaray /kaːraj/ | boga /boɡa/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | dóla /doːla/ |
| Black | bi /bi/ | — | bibi /bibi/ | kala /kala/ | korema /korema/ | koremakorema /koɾemakoɾema/ | hala /hala/ |
| Green | bogu /boɡu/ | — | firzi /firzi/ | hara /haɾa/ | gadoka gadoka /ɡadoka ɡadoka/ | gadokagadoka /ɡadokaɡadoka/ | áil /ail/ |
| Blue | bula /bula/ | — | bula /bula/ | nila /nila/ | gadoka gadoka /ɡadoka ɡadoka/ | gadokagadoka /ɡadokaɡadoka/ | níla /nila/ |
| Ninety-nine | wayyegga cindi yegga /wajːeɡːa tʃindi jeɡːa/ | — | woyyagga cindi yagga /wojːaɡːa tʃindi jaɡːa/ | ninyanve /ninjanve/ | — | — | nobboi-now /nɔbːɔinow/ |
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