Lubukusu
부쿠수어
니제르콩고어족
부쿠수어(루부쿠수어)는 반투계 루히야 군집(Glottolog JE31c)의 언어로, 케냐 서부 분고마 군과 트랜스은조이아 군에서 약 75만~140만 명이 사용한다. 부쿠수 공동체는 약 17개 루히야 하위 그룹 중 가장 크며, 할례 의식(시케보), 전사 전통, 우간다 국경 너머 자매 언어 마사바어(myx)와 공유하는 엘곤 산 신화로 구별된다. 언어학적으로 부쿠수어는 보수적인 반투 특징(15-18개 명사 부류, 시제·상·법을 동반한 복잡한 동사 형태, 두 단계 성조 레지스터 체계)을 유지하며, 무톤이(2000)가 가장 포괄적인 현대 언어학적 기술을 제공한다. 성경은 1960년대에 부쿠수어로 번역되었으며, 민담·속담의 지역 출판이 활발하다.
사용 지역
부쿠수어의 핵심 단어 87개
출처
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 니제르콩고어족
| 뜻 | 부쿠수어 | 마사바어 | 루히야어 | 소가어 | 룬얀콜어 | 치가어 | 키룬디어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | kameechi /kameːtʃi/ | kamaatsi /kamaːtsi/ | amatsi /amatsi/ | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amazi /amaːzi/ |
| 불 | kumulilo /kumulilo/ | kamulilo /kamulilo/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | umuriro /umuɾiɾo/ |
| 해 | enyanga /eɲaŋɡa/ | suuba /suːba/ | liuba /liuba/ | endhuba /end̪uba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | izuba /izuba/ |
| 달 | kumwesi /kumwesi/ | umweesi /umweːsi/ | omwesi /omwesi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | ukwezi /ukwezi/ |
| 별 | eng'enieesi /eŋeɲeːsi/ | kumunyeenye /kumuɲeːɲe/ | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | inyenyeri /iɲeɲeri/ |
| 밤 | siilo /siːlo/ | busilo /busilo/ | eshilo /eʃilo/ | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ijoro /iʒoro/ |
| 비 | efula /efula/ | ifula /ifula/ | efula /eˈfula/ | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | imvura /imˈvura/ |
| 눈 | ebarafu /ebarafu/ | — | itsaluchi /itsalutʃi/ | — | — | — | shelegi /ʃeleɡi/ |
| 바람 | embeo /embeo/ | imbewo /imbewo/ | omuyeka /omujeka/ | empewo /empewo/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | umuyaga /umujaɣa/ |
| 흙 | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | ubutaka /uɓutaka/ |
| 돌 | libaale /liβaːle/ | libaale /libaːle/ | lichina /litʃina/ | eibaale /eibaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | ibuye /iˈɓuje/ |
| 산 | sikulu /sikulu/ | lukiingi /lukiːŋɡi/ | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ | umusozi /umusozi/ |
| 바다 | enyanja /eɲandʒa/ | inyaantsa /iɲaːntsa/ | inyanza /iɲanza/ | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | inyanja /iɲaːndʒa/ |
| 어머니 | maayi /maːji/ | mayi /maji/ | mayi /maji/ | maama /maːma/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyina /ɲina/ | mama /maːma/ |
| 아버지 | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | lata /lata/ | tata /tata/ | ishe /iʃe/ | data /data/ |
| 딸 | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | umukhaana /umuxaːna/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | umukobwa /umukobwa/ |
| 나 | ese /ese/ | ise /ise/ | ese /ese/ | nze /nze/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | jewe /ʒewe/ |
| 너 | ewe /ewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | wewe /wewe/ |
| 우리 | efwe /efwe/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | efwe /efwe/ | iffe /ifːe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | twebwe /twebwe/ |
| 이름 | lisina /lisina/ | lisiina /lisiːna/ | elira /elira/ | eriina /eriːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | izina /izina/ |
| 사람 | omundu /omundu/ | umundu /umundu/ | omundu /omundu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ |
| 머리 | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | omurwe /omurwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | umutwe /umutwe/ |
| 눈 | emoni /emoni/ | liiso /liːso/ | liiso /liːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | ijisho /iʒiʃo/ |
| 귀 | liiru /liːru/ | khukhuru /kʰukʰuru/ | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | ugutwi /uɣutwi/ |
| 코 | lyolu /ljolu/ | lilyoolu /liʎoːlu/ | amolu /amolu/ | enhindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | izuru /iˈzuɾu/ |
| 입 | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | umunwa /umunwa/ |
| 이 | liino /liːno/ | liino /liːno/ | lino /lino/ | erino /erino/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | iryinyo /irjiɲo/ |
| 혀 | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | ururimi /ururimi/ |
| 손 | kumukhono /kumuxono/ | kumukhono /kumukʰono/ | omukhono /omukʰono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | ikiganza /ikiɡanza/ |
| 발 | sikele /sikele/ | shikyele /ʃikjele/ | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ikirenge /ikirenɡe/ |
| 마음 | kumwoyo /kumwojo/ | umwoyo /umwojo/ | omwoyo /omwojo/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| 뼈 | sikuumba /sikuːmba/ | kumba /kumba/ | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ |
| 피 | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | amasayi /amasaji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | amaraso /amaraso/ |
| 사랑 | khusiima /xusiːma/ | khusima /kʰusima/ | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | urukundo /uɾukundo/ |
| 나무 | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | omusala /omusala/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | igiti /iɡiti/ |
| 개 | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| 고양이 | enyawu /eɲawu/ | paka /paka/ | lipusi /lipusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ | akayabu /akajabu/ |
| 물고기 | eng'eeni /eŋeːni/ | enyeni /eɲeni/ | inyeni /iɲeni/ | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | ifi /ifi/ |
| 새 | enyuni /eɲuni/ | khanywinywi /kʰaɲwiɲwi/ | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | inyoni /iˈɲoni/ |
| 달걀 | liiki /liːki/ | liiki /liːki/ | liki /liki/ | eggi /eɡːi/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| 말 | efarasi /efarasi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | ifarashi /ifaraʃi/ |
| 집 | enju /endʒu/ | nzu /nzu/ | enzu /enzu/ | endhu /end̪u/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | inzu /inzu/ |
| 우유 | kamabeele /kamaβeːle/ | kamabeele /kamabeːle/ | amabeere /amabeːre/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amata /amata/ |
| 꿀 | buukhi /buːxi/ | bubuukhi /bubuːkʰi/ | obushi /obuʃi/ | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | ubuki /ubuki/ |
| 소금 | kumuunyu /kumuːɲu/ | kyumbi /kjumbi/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | umunyu /umuɲu/ |
| 포도주 | endali /endali/ | iviini /iviːni/ | idivai /idivai/ | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | umuvinyu /umuviɲu/ |
| 철 | sichuuma /sitʃuːma/ | sikyuma /sikjuma/ | eshibia /eʃibia/ | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ | icuma /iˈtʃuma/ |
| 바퀴 | engara /eŋɡara/ | kumukuwu /kumukuwu/ | omukurutumu /omukurutumu/ | enkede /eŋkede/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | ipine /ipine/ |
| 책 | sitabu /sitabu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | igitabo /iɡitabo/ |
| 먹다 | khulya /xulja/ | khulya /kʰuʎa/ | khulia /kʰulia/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ |
| 마시다 | khunywa /xuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| 자다 | khukona /xukona/ | khukona /kʰukona/ | khukona /kʰukona/ | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | gusinzira /ɡusinzira/ |
| 하나 | ndala /ndala/ | mulala /mulala/ | ndala /ndala/ | ndala /ndala/ | emwe /emwe/ | rumwe /rumwe/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ |
| 둘 | babili /βaβili/ | babili /βaβili/ | tsibili /tsibili/ | ibiri /ibiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | kabiri /kabiri/ |
| 셋 | bataru /βataru/ | bisatu /bisatu/ | tsitaru /tsitaru/ | isatu /isatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | gatatu /ɡatatu/ |
| 넷 | bane /βane/ | tsine /tsine/ | tsine /tsine/ | ina /ina/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | kane /kane/ |
| 다섯 | baraano /βaraːno/ | tsirano /tsirano/ | tsirano /tsirano/ | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | gatanu /ɡataːnu/ |
| 백 | miya /mija/ | sitondo /sitondo/ | emia /emia/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | ijana /iʒana/ |
| 안녕하세요 | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire /oraire/ | amahoro /amahoɾo/ |
| 감사합니다 | orio /orio/ | ole nise /ole nise/ | orio /orio/ | weebale /weːbale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | murakoze /muɾakoze/ |
| 좋은 | kalayi /kalaji/ | kalayi /kalaji/ | malayi /malaji/ | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | nziza /nziza/ |
| 새로운 | embia /embia/ | imbya /imbja/ | eshiyia /eʃijia/ | iyaka /ijaka/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ | nshasha /nʃaʃa/ |
| 빨강 | besemu /βesemu/ | kumafu /kumafu/ | kumafu /kumafu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | gutukura /ɡutukura/ |
| 하양 | waanga /waːŋɡa/ | iwanga /iwaŋɡa/ | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | umweru /umweru/ |
| 검정 | mali /mali/ | imali /imali/ | eshimali /eʃimali/ | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | umukara /umukara/ |
| 99 | kamakhumi tisa na tisa /kamaxumi tisa na tisa/ | kamakhumi syeenda na syeenda /kamakʰumi sjeːnda na sjeːnda/ | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | mirongo icenda nʼicenda /miɾoŋɡo itʃenda nitʃenda/ |
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