Umbundu
움분두어
대서양-콩고(반투어군, 남서)
움분두어는 앙골라 최대의 토착 반투어로, 약 600만 명의 화자가 있으며, 중앙 고원(비에·우암보 주)이 모어 지역이다. 앙골라의 6개 공인 국가어 중 하나(킴분두어, 키콩고어, 초크웨어, 응강겔라어, 콴야마어와 더불어)이다. 16세기 이후 포르투갈 제국과의 무역에서 주요 언어로 역사적으로 중요했으며, 식민지 이전의 중요한 왕국(바일룬두, 비에, 우암보)을 형성한 오빔분두족의 언어였다. 광범위한 일치를 가진 반투 명사 부류 체계; 성조; TAM 표지를 가진 풍부한 동사 형태론. 움분두어의 주요 문학에는 전통 찬미시와 현대 교육·종교 문서가 있다.
사용 지역
움분두어의 핵심 단어 87개
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같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 대서양-콩고(반투어군, 남서)
| 뜻 | 움분두어 | 콰니야마어 | 킴분두어 | 헤레로어 | 은동가어 | 루발레어 | 콩고어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | ovava /ovava/ | omeva /omeva/ | menha /meɲa/ | omeva /omeva/ | omeya /omeja/ | meya /meja/ | maza /maza/ |
| 불 | ondalu /ondalu/ | omundilo /omundilo/ | tubia /tubja/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omulilo /omulilo/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | tiya /tija/ |
| 해 | ekumbi /ekumbi/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ | dikumbi /dikumbi/ | eyuva /ejuva/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ |
| 달 | osãi /osãi/ | omwedi /omwedi/ | mbeji /mbeʒi/ | omueze /omueze/ | omwedhi /omweði/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ |
| 별 | olumbungululu /olumbuŋɡululu/ | onyofi /oɲofi/ | tetembwa /teˈtembwa/ | onyose /oˈɲose/ | onyothi /oɲoθi/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | mbwetete /mbwetete/ |
| 밤 | uteke /uteke/ | oufiku /oufiku/ | usuku /usuku/ | ouṱuku /outuku/ | uusiku /uːsiku/ | ufuku /ufuku/ | builu /builu/ |
| 비 | ombela /ombela/ | odula /odula/ | mvula /mvula/ | ombura /ombura/ | omvula /omvula/ | vula /vula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ |
| 눈 | oneve /oneve/ | eandu /eandu/ | neve /neve/ | ovitutukende /ovitutukende/ | olumi /olumi/ | mbundu /mbundu/ | mvula ya mpembe /mvula ja mpembe/ |
| 바람 | ofela /ofela/ | omhepo /om̥epo/ | kitembu /kitembu/ | ombepo /ombepo/ | ombepo /ombepo/ | peho /peho/ | mupepe /mupepe/ |
| 흙 | eve /eve/ | edu /edu/ | mavu /mavu/ | ehi /ehi/ | evi /evi/ | mavu /mavu/ | ntoto /ntoto/ |
| 돌 | ewe /ewe/ | emanya /emaɲa/ | ditadi /ditadi/ | ewe /ewe/ | emanya /emaɲa/ | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | tadi /ˈtadi/ |
| 산 | omunda /omunda/ | omhunda /om̥unda/ | mulundu /mulundu/ | ondundu /ondundu/ | ondundu /ondundu/ | pili /pili/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ |
| 바다 | okalunga /okaluŋɡa/ | efuta /efuta/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | okuvare /okuvare/ | efuta /efuta/ | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | mbu /mbu/ |
| 어머니 | inã /inã/ | meme /meme/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | meme /meme/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| 아버지 | tate /tate/ | tate /tate/ | tata /tata/ | tate /tate/ | tate /tate/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ |
| 딸 | omõla ukãi /omõla ukãi/ | omona okakadona /omona okakadona/ | mona a muhatu /mona a muhatu/ | omukazona /omukazona/ | omwana omukadhona /omwana omukaðona/ | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana ya nkento /mwana ja nkento/ |
| 나 | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | eme /eme/ | ami /ami/ | ngame /ŋame/ | ami /ami/ | mono /mono/ |
| 너 | ove /ove/ | ove /ove/ | eie /eje/ | ove /ove/ | ngoye /ŋoje/ | ove /ove/ | ngeye /ŋɡeje/ |
| 우리 | etu /etu/ | fye /fje/ | etu /etu/ | eṱe /ete/ | tse /tse/ | etu /etu/ | beto /beto/ |
| 이름 | onduko /onduko/ | edina /edina/ | dijina /diˈʒina/ | ena /ena/ | edhina /eðina/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | nkumbu /nkumbu/ |
| 사람 | omunu /omunu/ | omunhu /omun̥u/ | mutu /mutu/ | omundu /omundu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ |
| 머리 | utwe /utwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | mutue /mutue/ | otjiuru /otʃiuru/ | omutse /omutse/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | ntu /ntu/ |
| 눈 | iso /iso/ | eisho /eiʃo/ | disu /disu/ | eho /eho/ | eho /eho/ | liso /liso/ | disu /disu/ |
| 귀 | etwi /etwi/ | okutwi /okutwi/ | ditui /ditui/ | okutwi /okutwi/ | okutsi /okutsi/ | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | kutu /kutu/ |
| 코 | enyulu /eɲulu/ | edyulu /edjulu/ | dizulu /dizulu/ | eyuru /ejuru/ | eyulu /ejulu/ | lizulu /lizulu/ | nzunu /nzunu/ |
| 입 | omẽla /omẽla/ | okanya /okaɲa/ | dikanu /dikanu/ | otjinyo /otʃiɲo/ | okana /okana/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | nnwa /nnwa/ |
| 이 | eyo /ejo/ | eyoo /ejoː/ | dizu /dizu/ | eyo /ejo/ | eyego /ejeɡo/ | lizo /lizo/ | dinu /dinu/ |
| 혀 | elimi /elimi/ | elaka /elaka/ | dimi /dimi/ | eraka /eraka/ | elaka /elaka/ | limi /limi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ |
| 손 | eka /eka/ | eke /eke/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ | eke /eke/ | oshikaha /oʃikaha/ | livoko /livoko/ | koko /koko/ |
| 발 | omai /omai/ | omhadi /om̥adi/ | kinama /kinama/ | ombaze /ombaze/ | ompadhi /om̥aði/ | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | kulu /kulu/ |
| 마음 | utima /utima/ | omutima /omutima/ | muxima /muʃima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | mutima /mutima/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| 뼈 | ekepa /ekepa/ | ekipa /ekipa/ | kifuba /kifuba/ | eṱupa /etupa/ | esipa /esipa/ | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | visi /visi/ |
| 피 | osonde /osonde/ | ohonde /ohonde/ | manhinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | ombinḓu /ombinɗu/ | ombinzi /ombinzi/ | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | menga /meŋɡa/ |
| 똥 | eniña /eniŋa/ | — | tuji /tuʒi/ | — | — | tuji /tudʒi/ | tufi /tufi/ |
| 사랑 | ocisola /otʃisola/ | ohole /ohole/ | henda /henda/ | orusuvero /orusuvero/ | ohole /ohole/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | zola /zola/ |
| 나무 | uti /uti/ | omuti /omuti/ | muxi /muʃi/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | nti /nti/ |
| 개 | ombwa /ombwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| 고양이 | ocikangu /otʃikaŋɡu/ | okatufi /okatufi/ | kasalu /kasalu/ | okatjiru /okatʃiru/ | okashima /okaʃima/ | katako /katako/ | nyau /ɲau/ |
| 물고기 | olusi /olusi/ | oshi /oʃi/ | mbiji /mbiʒi/ | ohi /ohi/ | ohi /ohi/ | shi /ʃi/ | mbisi /mbisi/ |
| 새 | onjila /ondʒila/ | odila /odila/ | njila /ndʒila/ | onḓera /oɳɗera/ | ondhila /onðila/ | kajila /kadʒila/ | nuni /ˈnuni/ |
| 나비 | ocimbiambiulu /otʃimbiambiulu/ | onghanga /oŋ̊aŋ̊a/ | kimbiambia /kimbjambja/ | otjikaiva /otʃikaiva/ | okambilimbili /okambilimbili/ | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | lumbembambemba /lumbembambemba/ |
| 달걀 | esaila /esaila/ | ei /ei/ | diiaki /dijaki/ | ei /ei/ | eyi /eji/ | liulu /liulu/ | diaki /diaki/ |
| 말 | okavalu /okavalu/ | onghambe /oŋ̊ambe/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | okakambe /okakambe/ | okakambe /okakambe/ | kavalu /kavalu/ | mpunda /mpunda/ |
| 집 | onjo /ondʒo/ | eumbo /eumbo/ | inzo /inzo/ | ondjuwo /ondʒuwo/ | egumbo /eɡumbo/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | nzo /nzo/ |
| 우유 | asenjele /asendʒele/ | omashini /omaʃini/ | lete /lete/ | omaihi /omaihi/ | omahini /omahini/ | mavele /mavele/ | midiki /midiki/ |
| 꿀 | owiki /owiki/ | omaadi eenyiki /omaːdi eːɲiki/ | uiki /wiki/ | ouitji /ouitʃi/ | omagadhi goonyushi /omaɡaði ɡoːɲuʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | bwiki /bwiki/ |
| 소금 | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | mungua /muŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ |
| 포도주 | ovinyu /oviɲu/ | omaviinyu /omaviːɲu/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | omavinu /omavinu/ | omaviinu /omaviːnu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinu /vinu/ |
| 쌀 | oluoso /oluoso/ | olwishi /olwiʃi/ | loso /loso/ | — | olwiishi /olwiːʃi/ | loso /loso/ | loso /loso/ |
| 초콜릿 | chokolate | — | — | otjokolate | oshokolate | — | chocolat |
| 철 | utale /utale/ | oshivela /oʃivela/ | felu /felu/ | otjitenda /otʃitenda/ | oshiyela /oʃijela/ | fwelu /fwelu/ | kibende /kiˈbende/ |
| 바퀴 | elola /elola/ | okuulu /okuːlu/ | dilola /dilola/ | otjiryo /otʃirjo/ | okugulutemba /okuɡulutemba/ | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | dikulu /dikulu/ |
| 비단 | oseta /oseta/ | osilki /osilki/ | seda /seda/ | — | ofeyi /ofeji/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | seda /seda/ |
| 책 | elivulu /elivulu/ | embo /embo/ | divulu /divulu/ | embo /ˈembo/ | embo /embo/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | buku /buku/ |
| 먹다 | okulya /okulja/ | okulya /okuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ | okurya /okurja/ | okulya /okuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudia /kudja/ |
| 마시다 | okunywa /okuɲwa/ | okunwa /okunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | okunwa /okunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunua /kunwa/ |
| 자다 | okupekela /okupekela/ | okukofa /okukofa/ | kuzeka /kuzeka/ | kurara /kurara/ | okukotha /okukoθa/ | kusavala /kusavala/ | kuleka /kuˈleka/ |
| 하나 | mosi /mosi/ | mwe /mwe/ | moxi /moʃi/ | mwe /mwe/ | mwe /mwe/ | mwe /mwe/ | mosi /mosi/ |
| 둘 | vali /vali/ | vali /vali/ | iadi /jaːdi/ | vari /vari/ | mbali /mbali/ | vali /vali/ | zole /zole/ |
| 셋 | tatu /tatu/ | nhatu /n̥atu/ | tatu /tatu/ | ndatu /ndatu/ | ndatu /ndatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ |
| 넷 | kwãla /kwãla/ | nhee /n̥eː/ | uana /wana/ | ine /ine/ | ne /ne/ | wana /wana/ | iya /ija/ |
| 다섯 | tãlo /tãlo/ | nhano /n̥ano/ | tanu /tanu/ | ndano /ndano/ | ntano /n̥tano/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ |
| 백 | ocita /otʃita/ | efele /efele/ | hama /hama/ | esere /esere/ | ethele /eθele/ | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | nkama /nkama/ |
| 안녕하세요 | wakolapo /wakolapo/ | wa hala po /wa hala po/ | nga ku menekena /ŋɡa ku menekena/ | wa penduka /wa penduka/ | wa lalapo /wa lalapo/ | mwane /mwane/ | mbote /mbote/ |
| 감사합니다 | ndapandula /ndapandula/ | pandula /pandula/ | nga ku sakidila /ŋɡa ku sakidila/ | okuhepa /okuhepa/ | tangi /taŋɡi/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | matondo /matondo/ |
| 좋은 | uwa /uwa/ | wa /wa/ | kiambote /kiambote/ | wa /wa/ | nawa /nawa/ | mwaza /mwaza/ | mbote /mbote/ |
| 새로운 | okaliye /okalije/ | pe /pe/ | kiobe /kjobe/ | pe /pe/ | pe /pe/ | chihya /tʃihja/ | mpa /mpa/ |
| 빨강 | kusuka /kusuka/ | tilyana /tiʎana/ | kusuka /kusuka/ | serandu /serandu/ | tiligane /tiliɡane/ | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | mbwaki /mbwaki/ |
| 하양 | kuyela /kujela/ | toka /toka/ | kuzela /kuzela/ | vapa /vapa/ | tokele /tokele/ | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | mpembe /mpembe/ |
| 검정 | kutekava /kutekava/ | laula /laula/ | kuxikela /kuʃikela/ | zorondu /zorondu/ | luudhe /luːðe/ | chilava /tʃilava/ | ndombe /ndombe/ |
| 컴퓨터 | kombutador | okombiyuta /okombijuta/ | komputadolo /komputadolo/ | okombiuta /okombiuta/ | okompiuta /okompiuta/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | ludinatelo /ludinatelo/ |
| 와이파이 | Wi-Fi | — | — | — | o-wifi | — | wifi |
| 차(茶) | osia /osia/ | otee /oteː/ | xá /ʃa/ | otee /otee/ | otee /oteː/ | tiyi /tiji/ | ti /ti/ |
| 커피 | okafe /okafe/ | okoofi /okoːfi/ | kafé /kaˈfe/ | okosiva /okosiva/ | okoothiwa /okoːθiwa/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafe /kafe/ |
| 설탕 | osuka /osuka/ | osuuka /osuːka/ | sukidi /suˈkidi/ | osukuri /osukuri/ | osuuka /osuːka/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | sukadi /sukadi/ |
| 오렌지 | elalanja /elalandʒa/ | — | dilalanza /dilalanza/ | — | — | lilalanja | dilala /dilala/ |
| 99 | akwi ecea lecea /akwi etʃea letʃea/ | omilongo omugoi nomugoi /omiloŋɡo omuɡoi nomuɡoi/ | makuinhi ivua ni ivua /makwiɲi ivwa ni ivwa/ | omirongo muvyu na muvyu /omiroŋɡo muvju na muvju/ | omilongo omugoyi nomugoyi /omiloŋɡo omuɡoji nomuɡoji/ | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi ivwa na ivwa /makumi ivwa na ivwa/ |
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