Cilubà
루바카사이어
대서양-콩고(반투어군)
루바-카사이어(칠루바)는 콩고 민주공화국의 4대 국어 중 하나로, 카사이 지방에서 사용된다. 루바-카탕가어와 가까운 자매 언어이며 양자는 방언 연속체에 가깝다. 성조, 모음 길이 대립, 광범위한 명사 부류 체계(10개 이상의 부류)를 가진다. 19세기 스와힐리-아랍 상인과 카사이 지방의 교역을 통해 확산되었고, 이후 벨기에 식민지 시대에 교육·선교·행정의 매개 언어로 표준화되었다. 화자는 약 650만 명, 라틴 문자(성조 부호 포함)로 표기. 콩고민주공화국의 4국어 중 가장 오래된 표기 전통 중 하나를 가진다.
사용 지역
루바카사이어의 핵심 단어 87개
shokola
출처
- Ciluba Bible "Mukanda wa Mvidi Mukulu" (bible.com version 2918, modern orthography) and "Mukanda wa Nzambi" 2003 (bible.com 2919, older h-for-p orthography); en.wiktionary Luba-Kasai lemmas
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 대서양-콩고(반투어군)
| 뜻 | 루바카사이어 | 킴분두어 | 룬다어 | 콩고어 | 루발레어 | 카온데어 | 냠웨지어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | mâyi /maːji/ | menha /meɲa/ | meji /medʒi/ | maza /maza/ | meya /meja/ | mema /mema/ | minzi /minzi/ |
| 불 | kapia /kapia/ | tubia /tubja/ | kesi /kesi/ | tiya /tija/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | moto /moto/ |
| 해 | dîba /diːba/ | dikumbi /dikumbi/ | itaŋwa /itaŋwa/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | juba /dʒuba/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ |
| 달 | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | mbeji /mbeʒi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ |
| 별 | mutoto /mutoto/ | tetembwa /teˈtembwa/ | katumbwa /katumbwa/ | mbwetete /mbwetete/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | nsonda /nsonda/ |
| 밤 | butuku /butuku/ | usuku /usuku/ | wufuku /wufuku/ | builu /builu/ | ufuku /ufuku/ | bufuku /bufuku/ | buziku /buziku/ |
| 비 | mvula /ˈmvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | nvula /nvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | vula /vula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mbula /mbula/ |
| 눈 | neje /neʒe/ | neve /neve/ | — /—/ | mvula ya mpembe /mvula ja mpembe/ | mbundu /mbundu/ | sino /sino/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ |
| 바람 | tshipepele /tʃipepele/ | kitembu /kitembu/ | mpepela /mpepela/ | mupepe /mupepe/ | peho /peho/ | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ |
| 흙 | buloba /buloba/ | mavu /mavu/ | iseki /iseki/ | ntoto /ntoto/ | mavu /mavu/ | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ |
| 돌 | dibue /diˈbwe/ | ditadi /ditadi/ | ilola /ilola/ | tadi /ˈtadi/ | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | jibwe /dʒibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| 산 | mukuna /mukuna/ | mulundu /mulundu/ | mpidi /mpidi/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | pili /pili/ | mutumba /mutumba/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ |
| 바다 | mbuwu /mbuwu/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | kaluŋalwiji /kaluŋalwidʒi/ | mbu /mbu/ | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ |
| 어머니 | mâmu /maːmu/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | bamama /bamama/ | mayu /maju/ |
| 아버지 | tâtu /taːtu/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | bataata /bataːta/ | baba /baba/ |
| 딸 | muana wa bakaji /muana wa bakaʒi/ | mona a muhatu /mona a muhatu/ | mwana wamumbanda /mwana wamumbanda/ | mwana ya nkento /mwana ja nkento/ | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ |
| 나 | meme /meme/ | eme /eme/ | ami /ami/ | mono /mono/ | ami /ami/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | nene /ˈnene/ |
| 너 | wewe /wewe/ | eie /eje/ | eyi /eji/ | ngeye /ŋɡeje/ | ove /ove/ | obewa /obewa/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ |
| 우리 | tuetu /tuetu/ | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | beto /beto/ | etu /etu/ | atweba /atweba/ | iswe /iswe/ |
| 이름 | dîna /diːna/ | dijina /diˈʒina/ | ijina /idʒina/ | nkumbu /nkumbu/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | lina /ˈlina/ |
| 사람 | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| 머리 | mutu /mutu/ | mutue /mutue/ | mutu /mutu/ | ntu /ntu/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ |
| 눈 | dîsu /diːsu/ | disu /disu/ | disu /disu/ | disu /disu/ | liso /liso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | liso /liso/ |
| 귀 | ditshu /ditʃu/ | ditui /ditui/ | itu /itu/ | kutu /kutu/ | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | itwi /itwi/ |
| 코 | diulu /diulu/ | dizulu /dizulu/ | izulu /izulu/ | nzunu /nzunu/ | lizulu /lizulu/ | moona /moːna/ | nindo /nindo/ |
| 입 | mukana /mukana/ | dikanu /dikanu/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | nnwa /nnwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mulomo /mulomo/ |
| 이 | dinu /dinu/ | dizu /dizu/ | iji /idʒi/ | dinu /dinu/ | lizo /lizo/ | jiino /dʒiːno/ | lino /lino/ |
| 혀 | ludimi /ludimi/ | dimi /dimi/ | idimi /idimi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | limi /limi/ | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| 손 | tshianza /tʃianza/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ | chikasa /tʃikasa/ | koko /koko/ | livoko /livoko/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | kukono /kukono/ |
| 발 | dikasa /dikasa/ | kinama /kinama/ | mwendu /mwendu/ | kulu /kulu/ | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | kuulu /kuːlu/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ |
| 마음 | mutshima /mutʃima/ | muxima /muʃima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | ntima /ntima/ | mutima /mutima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| 뼈 | mufuba /mufuba/ | kifuba /kifuba/ | ifwaha /ifwaha/ | visi /visi/ | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | kupa /kupa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ |
| 피 | mashi /maʃi/ | manhinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | menga /meŋɡa/ | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | magazi /maɡazi/ |
| 똥 | tumvi /tumvi/ | tuji /tuʒi/ | — | tufi /tufi/ | tuji /tudʒi/ | — | maafi /maːfi/ |
| 사랑 | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ | henda /henda/ | kukeŋa /kukeŋa/ | zola /zola/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| 나무 | mutshi /mutʃi/ | muxi /muʃi/ | mutondu /mutondu/ | nti /nti/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | muti /muti/ |
| 개 | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | kabwa /kabwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| 고양이 | nyao /ɲao/ | kasalu /kasalu/ | — /—/ | nyau /ɲau/ | katako /katako/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | paka /paka/ |
| 물고기 | mushipa /muʃipa/ | mbiji /mbiʒi/ | inshi /inʃi/ | mbisi /mbisi/ | shi /ʃi/ | jisabi /dʒisabi/ | somba /soːmba/ |
| 새 | nyunyu /ɲuɲu/ | njila /ndʒila/ | kada /kada/ | nuni /ˈnuni/ | kajila /kadʒila/ | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | noni /noni/ |
| 나비 | tshibiyibiyi /tʃibijibiji/ | kimbiambia /kimbjambja/ | ipupwila /ipupwila/ | lumbembambemba /lumbembambemba/ | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | — |
| 달걀 | diyi /diji/ | diiaki /dijaki/ | iteta /iteta/ | diaki /diaki/ | liulu /liulu/ | jike /dʒike/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| 말 | kabalu /kabalu/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | kawalu /kawalu/ | mpunda /mpunda/ | kavalu /kavalu/ | mbili /mbili/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| 집 | nzubu /nzubu/ | inzo /inzo/ | itala /itala/ | nzo /nzo/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | numba /numba/ |
| 우유 | mabele /mabele/ | lete /lete/ | mayeli /majeli/ | midiki /midiki/ | mavele /mavele/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ |
| 꿀 | buitshi /buitʃi/ | uiki /wiki/ | wuchi /wutʃi/ | bwiki /bwiki/ | uchi /utʃi/ | buki /buki/ | buuki /buːki/ |
| 소금 | luepu /luepu/ | mungua /muŋɡwa/ | muŋwa /muŋwa/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | mukele /mukele/ | munu /munu/ |
| 포도주 | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinu /vinu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | binyu /biɲu/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| 쌀 | losa /losa/ | loso /loso/ | losu /losu/ | loso /loso/ | loso /loso/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | — |
| 초콜릿 | shokola | — | chocolate | chocolat | — | — | — |
| 철 | tshiamu /tʃiamu/ | felu /felu/ | chikuŋu /tʃikuŋu/ | kibende /kiˈbende/ | fwelu /fwelu/ | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | kisinza /kisinza/ |
| 바퀴 | lukata /lukata/ | dilola /dilola/ | kafumbu /kafumbu/ | dikulu /dikulu/ | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | — |
| 비단 | swa /swa/ | seda /seda/ | — | seda /seda/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | shilika /ʃilika/ | — |
| 책 | mukanda /mukanda/ | divulu /divulu/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | buku /buku/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | buku /buku/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| 먹다 | kudia /kudia/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudia /kudja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| 마시다 | kunua /kunua/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunua /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| 자다 | kulala /kulala/ | kuzeka /kuzeka/ | kukama /kukama/ | kuleka /kuˈleka/ | kusavala /kusavala/ | kulaala /kulaːla/ | kulala /kulala/ |
| 하나 | umue /umue/ | moxi /moʃi/ | wumu /wumu/ | mosi /mosi/ | mwe /mwe/ | umo /umo/ | imo /imo/ |
| 둘 | ibidi /ibidi/ | iadi /jaːdi/ | ayedi /ajedi/ | zole /zole/ | vali /vali/ | babiji /babidʒi/ | ibili /iβili/ |
| 셋 | isatu /isatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | satu /satu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | basatu /basatu/ | idatu /idatu/ |
| 넷 | inai /inai/ | uana /wana/ | wana /wana/ | iya /ija/ | wana /wana/ | bana /bana/ | inne /inːe/ |
| 다섯 | itanu /itanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | batanu /batanu/ | itaano /itaːno/ |
| 백 | lukama /lukama/ | hama /hama/ | nkulakaji /nkulakadʒi/ | nkama /nkama/ | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | kitota /kitota/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| 안녕하세요 | moyo /mojo/ | nga ku menekena /ŋɡa ku menekena/ | — /—/ | mbote /mbote/ | mwane /mwane/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | mwadita /mwadita/ |
| 감사합니다 | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ | nga ku sakidila /ŋɡa ku sakidila/ | nasakilili /nasakilili/ | matondo /matondo/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | nasanta /nasanta/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ |
| 좋은 | impe /impe/ | kiambote /kiambote/ | chachiwahi /tʃatʃiwahi/ | mbote /mbote/ | mwaza /mwaza/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | soga /soɡa/ |
| 새로운 | mupia /mupia/ | kiobe /kjobe/ | chachiha /tʃatʃiha/ | mpa /mpa/ | chihya /tʃihja/ | kipya /kipja/ | pya /pja/ |
| 빨강 | kunze /kunze/ | kusuka /kusuka/ | chinana /tʃinana/ | mbwaki /mbwaki/ | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | chila /tʃila/ | laluku /laluku/ |
| 하양 | toke /toke/ | kuzela /kuzela/ | chitooka /tʃitoːka/ | mpembe /mpembe/ | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | toka /toka/ | pe /pe/ |
| 검정 | fike /fike/ | kuxikela /kuʃikela/ | — | ndombe /ndombe/ | chilava /tʃilava/ | fiita /fiːta/ | pi /pi/ |
| 파랑 | fikuluke /fikuluke/ | mulombe /mulombe/ | wuzeeli /wuzeːli/ | bule /bule/ | — | — | bululu /bululu/ |
| 컴퓨터 | ordinatere /ordinatere/ | komputadolo /komputadolo/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | ludinatelo /ludinatelo/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — |
| 차(茶) | tshiayi /tʃiaji/ | xá /ʃa/ | tii /tiː/ | ti /ti/ | tiyi /tiji/ | — | — |
| 커피 | kafe /kafe/ | kafé /kaˈfe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — |
| 설탕 | nsukadi /nsukadi/ | sukidi /suˈkidi/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sukadi /sukadi/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | — |
| 99 | makumi tshitema ne tshitema /makumi tʃitema ne tʃitema/ | makuinhi ivua ni ivua /makwiɲi ivwa ni ivwa/ | makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana /makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana/ | makumi ivwa na ivwa /makumi ivwa na ivwa/ | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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