Tshivenḓa
벤다어
니제르콩고어족(대서양-콩고, 반투어군, 남부 반투어군)
벤다어(자칭 츠히벤다)는 니제르콩고어족의 남부 반투어군에 속하는 언어로, 주로 남아프리카 공화국 북동부 림포포주와 인접한 짐바브웨 일부 지역에서 사용된다. 사용자는 약 130만 명이며 남아프리카 공화국의 12개 공용어 중 하나이다. 발음 구별 부호가 있는 라틴 문자로 표기되며, 북쪽의 칼랑가어 및 쇼나어와 연결되는 음운적 특징으로 알려져 있다.
사용 지역
벤다어의 핵심 단어 87개
tshokoleti
swiri
출처
- en.wiktionary Venda lemmas; Venda Bible "Bivhili Khethwa Mafhungo Madifha" 1998 (bible.com version 280)
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 니제르콩고어족(대서양-콩고, 반투어군, 남부 반투어군)
| 뜻 | 벤다어 | 총가어 | 마니카어 | 로지어 | 츠와나어 | 북부 소토어 | 쇼나어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | maḓi /mad̪i/ | mati /mati/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mezi /mezi/ | metsi /metsi/ | meetse /meːtse/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| 불 | mulilo /mulilo/ | ndzilo /ndzilo/ | moto /moto/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | molelo /moleːlo/ | mollo /molːo/ | moto /moto/ |
| 해 | ḓuvha /d̪uvʱa/ | dyambu /dʒambu/ | zuva /zuva/ | lizazi /lizazi/ | letsatsi /letsatsi/ | letšatši /letʃatʃi/ | zuva /zuva/ |
| 달 | ṅwedzi /ŋwedzi/ | nʼweti /ŋweti/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | kweli /kweli/ | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ |
| 별 | ṋaledzi /n̪aledzi/ | nyeleti /ɲeleti/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | naleli /naleli/ | naledi /naledi/ | naledi /naledi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ |
| 밤 | vhusiku /vʱusiku/ | vusiku /vusiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | busihu /busihu/ | bosigo /bosiχo/ | bošego /boʃeχo/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| 비 | mvula /ˈmvula/ | mpfula /ˈmpfula/ | mvura /mvura/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| 눈 | mahaḓa /mahad̪a/ | gamboko /ɡamboko/ | — | litwa /ˈlitwa/ | semathana /semaˈtʰana/ | lehlwa /leˈɬwa/ | sinoo /sinoː/ |
| 바람 | muya /muja/ | moya /moja/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | moya /moja/ | phefo /pʰefɔ/ | phefo /pʰɛfɔ/ | mhepo /ˈmʱepo/ |
| 흙 | mavu /mavu/ | misava /misava/ | ivhu /iβu/ | mubu /mubu/ | mmu /m̩mu/ | mobu /moβu/ | ivhu /iβu/ |
| 돌 | tombo /tombo/ | ribye /riˈbje/ | ibwe /iɓwe/ | licwe /liˈtʃwe/ | leje /lɛˈdʒe/ | leswika /leˈswika/ | ibwe /iˈɓwe/ |
| 산 | thavha /tʰavʱa/ | ntshava /ntsʰava/ | gomo /ɡomo/ | lilundu /lilundu/ | thaba /tʰaba/ | thaba /ˈtʰaba/ | gomo /ˈɡomo/ |
| 바다 | lwanzhe /lwanʒe/ | lwandle /lwandɮe/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | liwate /liwate/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ |
| 어머니 | mme /mːe/ | manana /manana/ | amai /amai/ | ma /ma/ | mmê /mːɛ/ | mma /mːa/ | amai /amai/ |
| 아버지 | khotsi /kʰotsi/ | tatana /tatana/ | baba /baba/ | ndate /ndate/ | rrê /rːɛ/ | tate /tate/ | baba /baba/ |
| 딸 | ṅwananyana /ŋʷanaɲana/ | nʼwana wa xisati /ŋʷana wa ʃisati/ | mukunda /mukunda/ | mwana wa musizana /mwana wa musizana/ | morwadi /morwadi/ | morwedi /morwedi/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ |
| 나 | nṋe /n̪ːe/ | mina /mina/ | ini /ini/ | na /na/ | nna /nːa/ | nna /nna/ | ini /ini/ |
| 너 | iwe /iwe/ | wena /wena/ | iwe /iwe/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| 우리 | riṋe /rin̪e/ | hina /hina/ | isu /isu/ | luna /luna/ | rona /rona/ | rena /rena/ | isu /isu/ |
| 이름 | dzina /dzina/ | vito /vito/ | zita /zita/ | libizo /libizo/ | leina /leina/ | leina /leina/ | zita /zita/ |
| 사람 | muthu /mutʰu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | mutu /mutu/ | motho /motʰo/ | motho /mʊtʰʊ/ | munhu /muˈnʱu/ |
| 머리 | ṱhoho /t̪ʰoho/ | nhloko /nɬoko/ | musoro /musoro/ | toho /toho/ | tlhogo /tɬʰoχo/ | hlogo /ɬoχo/ | musoro /musoro/ |
| 눈 | iṱo /it̪o/ | tihlo /tiɬo/ | ziso /ziso/ | liito /liːto/ | leitlho /leitɬʰo/ | leihlo /leiɬo/ | ziso /ziso/ |
| 귀 | nḓevhe /n̪d̪evʱe/ | ndleve /ndɮeve/ | nzeve /nzeve/ | zebe /zebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | nzeve /nzeβe/ |
| 코 | ningo /niŋo/ | nhompfu /nʱompfu/ | mhino /mʱino/ | ngo /ŋo/ | nko /ŋ̩ˈko/ | nko /ŋˈko/ | mhino /mʱino/ |
| 입 | mulomo /mulomo/ | nomu /nomu/ | muromo /muromo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | muromo /muˈromo/ |
| 이 | iṋo /in̪o/ | tino /tino/ | zino /zino/ | liino /liːno/ | leino /leino/ | leino /leino/ | zino /zino/ |
| 혀 | lulimi /lulimi/ | ririmi /ririmi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | leleme /leleme/ | leleme /leleme/ | rurimi /rurimi/ |
| 손 | tshanḓa /tʃʰan̪d̪a/ | voko /voko/ | ruoko /ɾwoko/ | lizoho /lizoho/ | seatla /seatɬa/ | seatla /seatɬa/ | ruoko /rwoko/ |
| 발 | mulenzhe /mulenʒe/ | nenge /neŋɡe/ | — | lihutu /liˈhutu/ | lonao /lonao/ | leoto /leoto/ | tsoka /tsoka/ |
| 마음 | mbilu /mbilu/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | pilu /pilu/ | pelo /peːlo/ | pelo /pelo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ |
| 뼈 | ḽirambo /l̪irambo/ | rhambu /rambu/ | godo /ɡodo/ | sapo /sapo/ | lerapo /lerapo/ | lerapo /lerapo/ | pfupa /pfupa/ |
| 피 | malofha /maloɸa/ | ngati /ŋɡati/ | ropa /ropa/ | mali /mali/ | madi /madi/ | madi /madi/ | ropa /ropa/ |
| 똥 | malaṱwa /malat̪wa/ | — | tsvina /tsvina/ | ñanda /ɲanda/ | masepa /masepa/ | masepa /masepa/ | tsvina /tsvina/ |
| 사랑 | lufuno /lufuno/ | rirhandzu /riɾandzu/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | lilato /lilato/ | lerato /leɾato/ | lerato /lerato/ | rudo /rudo/ |
| 나무 | muri /muri/ | nsinya /nsiɲa/ | muti /muti/ | kota /kota/ | setlhare /setɬʰaɾe/ | sehlare /seɬare/ | muti /muti/ |
| 개 | mmbwa /mːbwa/ | mbyana /mbjana/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | nja /ndʒa/ | ntša /ntʃa/ | mpša /mpʃa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| 고양이 | katse /katse/ | mangoyi /maŋɡoji/ | katsi /katsi/ | kaze /kaze/ | katse /katse/ | katse /katse/ | katsi /katsi/ |
| 물고기 | khovhe /kʰovʱe/ | nhlampfi /nɬampfi/ | hove /hove/ | tapi /tapi/ | tlhapi /tɬʰapi/ | hlapi /ɬapi/ | hove /hove/ |
| 새 | tshiṋoni /tʃiˈn̪oni/ | xinyenyana /ʃiɲeˈɲana/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | nyunywani /ɲuɲwani/ | nonyane /nɔˈɲanɛ/ | nonyana /nʊɲana/ | shiri /ʃiri/ |
| 나비 | tshisusu /tʃʰisusu/ | phapharhati /pʰapʰaˈrati/ | — | sipulumuki /sipulumuki/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | shaveshave /ʃaveʃave/ |
| 달걀 | gumba /ɡumba/ | tandza /tandza/ | zai /zai/ | lii /liː/ | lee /lɛɛ/ | lee /leː/ | zai /zai/ |
| 곰 | biara /biara/ | bere /bere/ | — | bele /bele/ | bera /bɛra/ | bêrê /bɛrɛ/ | bheya /bʱeja/ |
| 말 | bere /bere/ | hanci /hantʃi/ | bhiza /biza/ | pizi /pizi/ | pitse /pitse/ | pere /pere/ | bhiza /biza/ |
| 집 | nnḓu /n̪d̪u/ | yindlu /jindɮu/ | mhatso /mhatso/ | ndu /ndu/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | imba /imba/ |
| 우유 | mafhi /maɸi/ | masi /masi/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mabisi /mabisi/ | mashi /maʃi/ | maswi /maswi/ | mukaka /mukaka/ |
| 꿀 | mutoli /mutoli/ | vulombe /vulombe/ | uchi /utʃi/ | linosi /linosi/ | tswina /tswina/ | todi /todi/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| 소금 | muṋo /mun̪o/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | lizwai /lizwai/ | letswai /letswai/ | letswai /letswai/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| 포도주 | waini /waini/ | vhinyo /viɲo/ | waini /waini/ | waine /waine/ | beine /beine/ | beine /beine/ | waini /waini/ |
| 쌀 | raisi /raisi/ | rhayisi /rajisi/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | laisi /laisi/ | raese /raese/ | reisi /reisi/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ |
| 초콜릿 | tshokoleti | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | — | chocolate | tshokolete /tsʰokolete/ | tšhokolete /tʃʰokolete/ | chokoreti /tʃokoreti/ |
| 철 | tsimbi /tsimbi/ | nsimbi /nsimbi/ | simbi /simbi/ | sipi /sipi/ | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | simbi /ˈsimbi/ |
| 바퀴 | mulinga /muliŋa/ | vhilwa /vilwa/ | vhiri /βiri/ | liwili /liwili/ | leotwana /leotwana/ | leotwana /leoˈtwana/ | vhiri /viri/ |
| 비단 | siliga /siliɡa/ | silika /silika/ | siriki /siriki/ | siliki /siliki/ | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | sirika /sirika/ |
| 책 | bugu /buɡu/ | buku /buku/ | bhuku /buku/ | buka /buka/ | buka /buka/ | puku /puku/ | bhuku /ˈɓuku/ |
| 먹다 | u ḽa /u l̪a/ | ku dya /ku dʒa/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kuca /kutʃa/ | go ja /χo dʒa/ | go ja /χo dʒa/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| 마시다 | u nwa /u nwa/ | ku nwa /ku nwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | go nwa /χo nwa/ | go nwa /χo nwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| 자다 | u eḓela /u eˈd̪ela/ | ku etlela /ku eˈtɬela/ | rara /ˈraɾa/ | kulobala /kulobala/ | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | kurara /kuˈrara/ |
| 하나 | nthihi /ntʰihi/ | rinʼwe /riŋwe/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ | nyinwi /ɲiŋʷi/ | nngwe /ŋːwe/ | tee /teː/ | potsi /potsi/ |
| 둘 | mbili /mbili/ | mbirhi /mbiri/ | piri /piri/ | peli /peli/ | pedi /pedi/ | pedi /pedi/ | piri /piri/ |
| 셋 | tharu /tʰaru/ | nharhu /ɳaɾu/ | tatu /tatu/ | talu /talu/ | tharo /tʰaro/ | tharo /tʰaro/ | tatu /tatu/ |
| 넷 | ṋa /n̪a/ | mune /mune/ | ina /ina/ | ne /ne/ | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːɛ/ | ina /ina/ |
| 다섯 | ṱhanu /t̪ʰanu/ | ntlhanu /ntɬʰanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | ketalizoho /ketalizoho/ | tlhano /tɬʰano/ | hlano /ɬano/ | shanu /ʃanu/ |
| 백 | ḓana /d̪ana/ | dzana /dzana/ | zana /zana/ | mwanda /mwanda/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | zana /zana/ |
| 안녕하세요 | ndaa /ndaː/ | avuxeni /avuʃeni/ | makadii /makadiː/ | lumela /lumela/ | dumela /dumeːla/ | dumela /dumɛla/ | mhoro /mʱoro/ |
| 감사합니다 | ndo livhuwa /ndo livʱuwa/ | inkomu /iŋkomu/ | mazviita /mazviita/ | nitumezi /nitumezi/ | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | maita /maita/ |
| 좋은 | zwavhuḓi /zwavʱud̪i/ | kahle /kaɬe/ | kunaka /kunaka/ | nde /nde/ | siame /siaːme/ | botse /botse/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ |
| 새로운 | ntswa /ntswa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | itsva /itsva/ | nca /ntʃa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | mpsha /mpsʰa/ | itsva /itsva/ |
| 빨강 | tswuku /tswuku/ | tshwuka /tsʰwuka/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | fubelu /fubelu/ | khibidu /kʰibidu/ | hubedu /hubedu/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ |
| 하양 | tshena /tsʰena/ | basa /ˈbasa/ | chena /tʃena/ | sweu /sweu/ | tshweu /tsʰwɛu/ | tšhweu /tʃʰwɛu/ | chena /tʃena/ |
| 검정 | ntswu /ntswu/ | ntima /ntima/ | tema /tema/ | nsu /nsu/ | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | tema /tema/ |
| 초록 | dala /dala/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | — | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | girini /ɡirini/ |
| 파랑 | lutombo /lutombo/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | — | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | bhuluu /buluː/ |
| 컴퓨터 | khomphyutha /kʰompʰjutʰa/ | khompyuta /kʰompjuta/ | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | khomphuta /kʰompʰuta/ | khomphutha /kʰompʰutʰa/ | kombiyuta /kombijuta/ |
| 차(茶) | tie /tie/ | tiya /tija/ | — | tii /tiː/ | tee /teː/ | teye /teje/ | tii /tiː/ |
| 커피 | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ |
| 설탕 | swigiri /swiɡiri/ | chukela /tʃukela/ | — | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sukiri /sukiri/ | swikiri /swikiri/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ |
| 오렌지 | swiri | lamula /lamula/ | — | olenji /olendʒi/ | namune /namune/ | namune /namune/ | ranjisi /randʒisi/ |
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