Runa simi
Классический кечуа
Кечуанская · историческая / скрытая разновидность
Классический кечуа (Runa simi) — лингва франка Империи инков (Тавантинсуйю) в 15-16 вв. Инки не имели полноценной письменности, использовали кипу (узелковые шнуры). Современный кечуа Куско — ближайший живой вариант.
Где на нём говорят
Классический кечуа — основные слова (87)
Источники
- Santo Tomas, Domingo de (1560) Grammatica o arte de la lengua general de los indios de los reynos del Peru. Valladolid
Сравнение слов
Сравнение с родственными языками: Кечуанская
| Значение | Классический кечуа | Кусканско-кечуанский | Аякучанско-кечуанский | Кечуа | Аймара | Хакару | Пинтупи-Луричья |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Вода | unu /unu/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | yaku /jaku/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Огонь | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | waru /waɻu/ |
| Солнце | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | tjintu /cintu/ |
| Луна | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | paxshi /paχʃi/ | pira /piɻa/ |
| Звезда | quyllur /qojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | waraxa /waɾaχa/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ |
| Ночь | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | aruma /aruma/ | aruma /aruma/ | munga /muŋa/ |
| Дождь | para /para/ | para /ˈpara/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | jallu /ˈxaʎu/ | jallu /haʎu/ | — |
| Снег | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | ritʼi /ritʼi/ | rasu /ɾasu/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | khunu /kʰunu/ | khunu /kʰunu/ | — |
| Ветер | wayra /ˈwajra/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | thaya /ˈtʰaja/ | wawya /wawja/ | walpa /walpa/ |
| Земля | allpa /alʲpa/ | allpa /alʲpa/ | allpa /aʎpa/ | allpa /aʎpa/ | uraqi /uɾaqi/ | — | manta /manta/ |
| Камень | rumi /rumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | qala /ˈqala/ | qala /qala/ | puḻi /puɭi/ |
| Гора | urqu /orqo/ | urqu /urqu/ | urqu /uɾqu/ | urqu /ˈuɾqu/ | qullu /quʎu/ | qaaqa /qaːqa/ | puḻi katu /puɭi katu/ |
| Море | mama qucha /mama qotʃa/ | mama qucha /mama qutʃa/ | lamar qucha /lamaɾ qutʃa/ | mama qucha /mama ˈqutʃa/ | lamara /lamara/ | — | yuru /juɻu/ |
| Мать | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ |
| Отец | yaya /jaja/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tata /tata/ | awki /awki/ | mama /mama/ |
| Дочь | ususi /ususi/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | phucha /pʰutʃa/ | — | yuṉṯalpa /juɳʈalpa/ |
| Я | ñuqa /ɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | naya /naja/ | na /na/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ |
| Ты | qam /qam/ | qan /qan/ | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | juma /xuma/ | juma /huma/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| Мы | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲoqantʃik / ɲoqajku/ | ñuqanchis / ñuqayku /ɲoˈqantʃis / ɲoˈqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | jiwasa / nanaka /xiwasa / nanaka/ | jiwsa /hiwsa/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ |
| Имя | suti /suti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /suti/ | shutyi /ʃuci/ | yini /jini/ |
| Человек | runa /runa/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ɾuna/ | runa /ˈɾuna/ | jaqi /xaqi/ | jaqi /haqi/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ |
| Голова | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /ˈuma/ | pʼiqi /pʼiqi/ | nampʼa /nampʼa/ | kata /kata/ |
| Глаз | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | nayra /najɾa/ | nayra /najɾa/ | kuru /kuɻu/ |
| Ухо | rinri /ɾinri/ | rinri /rinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | jinchu /xintʃu/ | jinchu /hintʃu/ | pina /pina/ |
| Нос | sinqa /siŋqa/ | sinqa /ˈsɛnqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | nasa /ˈnasa/ | nasa /nasa/ | mulya /muʎa/ |
| Рот | simi /simi/ | simi /simi/ | simi /simi/ | simi /ˈsimi/ | laka /ˈlaka/ | — | tjaa /caː/ |
| Зуб | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | lakʼa /lakʼa/ | shimi /ʃimi/ | katiti /katiti/ |
| Язык | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | laxra /laχra/ | naxra /naχra/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ |
| Рука | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | mara /maɻa/ |
| Ступня | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | tjina /cina/ |
| Сердце | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | kurasunha /kuɾasunha/ | kututu /kututu/ |
| Кость | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | chʼakha /tʃʼakʰa/ | tsʼaaka /tsʼaːka/ | tarrka /taɾka/ |
| Кровь | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | wila /wila/ | wila /wila/ | milkali /milkali/ |
| Кака | aka /ˈaka/ | aka /aka/ | aka /aka/ | aka /aka/ | jama /xama/ | — | kuna /kuna/ |
| Любовь | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ |
| Дерево | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | quqa /quqa/ | arbuli /aɾbuli/ | punu /punu/ |
| Собака | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | anu /anu/ | hallqʼu /haʎqʼu/ | papa /papa/ |
| Кошка | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | michi /mitʃi/ | misi /misi/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Рыба | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | piitji /piːʈi/ |
| Птица | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | jamachʼi /xamatʃʼi/ | chʼipi /tʃʼipi/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ |
| Бабочка | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pilpintu /pilpintu/ | — | pintapinta /pintapinta/ |
| Яйцо | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /runtu/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /ˈɾuntu/ | kʼawna /kʼawna/ | nuru /nuɾu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ |
| Медведь | ukumari /ukumaɾi/ | ukuku /ukuku/ | ukumari /ukumaɾi/ | ukumari /ukumaɾi/ | jukumari /xukumaɾi/ | — | piiya /piːja/ |
| Дом | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | uta /uta/ | uta /uta/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ |
| Молоко | ñukñu /ɲukɲu/ | lichi /litʃi/ | lichi /litʃi/ | lichi /ˈlitʃi/ | millkʼi /miʎkʼi/ | — | mimi /mimi/ |
| Мёд | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | miski /miski/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | — | ngalypuru /ŋaʎpuɻu/ |
| Соль | kachi /katʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | jayu /ˈxaju/ | katyi /kaci/ | paṉṯu /paɳʈu/ |
| Железо | qʼillay /qʼiʎaj/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | fierro /ˈfjeɾo/ | qʼillay /ˈqʼiʎaj/ | qillaya /qiʎaja/ | — | yayina /jajina/ |
| Книга | qillqa /qiʎqa/ | liwru /liwru/ | libru /libɾu/ | liwru /ˈliwɾu/ | panka /panka/ | — | piipa /piːpa/ |
| Есть | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | paluña /paluɲa/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ |
| Пить | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | tjikini /cikini/ |
| Спать | puñuy /puɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ |
| Один | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | maya /maja/ | maya /maja/ | kutju /kucu/ |
| Два | iskay /iskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | paya /paja/ | paxa /paχa/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ |
| Три | kimsa /kimsa/ | kinsa /kinsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ |
| Четыре | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | pusi /pusi/ | pushi /puʃi/ | puupala /puːpala/ |
| Пять | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | phisqa /ˈpʰisqa/ | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | payipala /pajipala/ |
| Сто | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | pataka /pataka/ | pachak /patʃak/ | yantaṯa /jantaʈa/ |
| Привет | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Спасибо | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | yuspaa /juspaː/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Хороший | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | suma /suma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Новый | musuq /mosoq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /ˈmusuq/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | kuwarritja /kuwaɾica/ |
| Красный | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | wila /wila/ | chukapa /tʃukapa/ | yulpa /julpa/ |
| Белый | yuraq /juraq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | janqʼu /ˈxaɴqʼu/ | janqʼu /hanqʼu/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ |
| Чёрный | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | chʼiyara /tʃʼijara/ | tsʼirara /tsʼiɾaɾa/ | maru /maɻu/ |
| Зелёный | qumir /qomir/ | qʼumir /qʼumir/ | qumir /qumiɾ/ | qʼomer /qʼomeɾ/ | chʼuxña /tʃʼuxɲa/ | — | kuriinwana /kuɻiːnwana/ |
| Синий | anqas /anqas/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | larama /laɾama/ | — | puluuwana /puluːwana/ |
| Компьютер | yupana /juˈpana/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | computadora /komputaˈdoɾa/ | antañiqiq /antaɲiqiq/ | atamiri /atamiɾi/ | — | — |
| 99 | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /isqun tʃunka isqunnijuq/ | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /ˈisqun ˈtʃunka isqunniˈjuq/ | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /isqun tʃunka isqunnijuq/ | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /isqun tʃunka isqunnijuq/ | llätunka tunka llätunkani /ʎaːtunka tunka ʎaːtunkani/ | — | — |
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