Ndee bizaa
Kiapache cha Magharibi
Na-Dené (Athabaskan, kusini)
Kiapache cha Magharibi ni mojawapo ya lugha kubwa zaidi za Kiathabaskan, ya karibu na Kinavajo. Lina mfumo wa toni mgumu unaowekwa alama za mkazo, na konsonanti zinazojumuisha fricative ya pembeni ɬ na konsonanti za ejective.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiapache cha Magharibi
Vyanzo
- no dictionary text reachable (Bray 1998 Western Apache-English Dictionary and the 1972 White Mountain Apache Culture Center dictionary are lending-restricted on archive.org). Checked against English Wiktionary Western Apache entries/translation tables (largely from Bray 1998): zas, niʼ, dził, bichį́h, bizéʼ, dił, bichan, góshé, łóg, dlǫ́ʼ, doolé, shash, łį́į́ʼ, gosnih, nałtsoos, táági, łigai, diłhił match the row
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Na-Dené (Athabaskan, kusini)
| Maana | Kiapache cha Magharibi | Kinavaho | Kihupa | Kicarrier | Kichipewyan | Kikoyukon | Kiarapaho |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | tú /tú/ | tó /tʰó/ | taʼna:n /taʔnaːn/ | too /tu/ | tu /tu/ | too /toː/ | nec /netʃ/ |
| Moto | kǫʼ /kṍʔ/ | kǫʼ /kʰõ̀ʔ/ | xongʼ /xoŋʔ/ | kwun /kʷun/ | kón /kón/ | kkunʼ /kːunʔ/ | hisítee /hisíteː/ |
| Jua | yaʼáí /jaʔáí/ | jóhonaaʼéí /tʃóhònàːʔéí/ | wha /hʷa/ | sa /sa/ | sa /sa/ | so /so/ | hiisíis /hiːsíis/ |
| Mwezi | tłʼéʼgonaʼáí /tɬʼéʔɡonaʔáí/ | tłʼéhonaaʼéí /tɬʼéhònɑ̀ːʔéí/ | hwa-ʼangʼ /hwaʔɑŋʔ/ | ʼulhdzis oozaʼ /ʔuɬdzis oːzaʔ/ | ɂełdzi /ʔeɬdzi/ | dołtʼolee /doɬtʼoliː/ | biikóusíis /biːkóusíis/ |
| Nyota | tsʼiłsǫǫsé /tsʼiɬsõːsé/ | sǫʼ /sõ̀ʔ/ | tsingʼ /tsiŋʔ/ | sum /sum/ | tthë́n /tθén/ | tłoonʼ /tɬoːnʔ/ | hó3oʼ /hóθoʔ/ |
| Usiku | tłʼéʼ /tɬʼéʔ/ | tłʼééʼ /tɬʼéːʔ/ | xiłeʼ /xiɬeʔ/ | ʼulhdzis /ʔuɬdzis/ | tëdhe /teðe/ | łida /ɬida/ | téceʼ /tétʃeʔ/ |
| Theluji | zas /zas/ | yas /jɑ̀s/ | nundil /nʊndɪl/ | yus̲ /jus/ | yath /jaθ/ | tseetl /tsʰiːtɬʰ/ | híii /híiː/ |
| Upepo | níłchʼi /níɬtʃʼi/ | níyol /níjol/ | — | nilhtsi /niɬtsi/ | nįłtsʼi /nĩɬtsʼi/ | — | heséisen /heséisen/ |
| Udongo | niʼ /niʔ/ | łeezh /ɬèːʒ/ | ninʼ /nɪnʔ/ | yun /jun/ | ní /ní/ | ninʼ /ninʔ/ | bíitoʼówuʼ /bíːtoʔówuʔ/ |
| Jiwe | tsé /tsé/ | tsé /tsʰé/ | — | t̲s̲e /tse/ | tthe /tθe/ | laʼona /laʔona/ | hohʼonóókee /hohʔonóːkeː/ |
| Mlima | dził /dziɬ/ | dził /tsìɬ/ | — | d̲z̲ulh /dzuɬ/ | ttheshéth /tθeʃéθ/ | — | hóheʼ /hóheʔ/ |
| Bahari | túnteel /túnteːl/ | tónteel /tʰóntʰèːl/ | — | yatoo /jatoː/ | tucho /tutʃo/ | — | héetéc /héːtétʃ/ |
| Mama | shimaa /ʃimaː/ | shimá /ʃimá/ | -anʼ /-anʔ/ | oo /oː/ | ɂené /ʔené/ | eenaa /iːnaː/ | néinoo /néinoː/ |
| Baba | shitaa /ʃitaː/ | shizhéʼé /ʃiʒéʔé/ | -taʼ /-taʔ/ | abe /abe/ | setá /setá/ | eetaa /iːtaː/ | neisónoo /neisónoː/ |
| Binti | shitsiʼ /ʃitsiʔ/ | shichʼéʼé /ʃitʃʼéʔé/ | -tse:ʼ /-tseːʔ/ | oot̲s̲eʼ /oːtseʔ/ | seyaz tsʼékui /sejaz tsʼékui/ | — | notóóneh /notóːneh/ |
| Mimi | shíí /ʃíː/ | shí /ʃí/ | whe /hʷe/ | si /si/ | si /si/ | see /siː/ | nenééninoo /nenéːninoː/ |
| Wewe | ni /ni/ | ni /nì/ | ning /nɪŋ/ | nen /nen/ | nën /nen/ | ninh /ninh/ | nenéénin /nenéːnin/ |
| Sisi | nohwí /nohwí/ | nihí /nihí/ | nehe /nehe/ | neni /neni/ | nuhni /nuhni/ | — /—/ | nenéenínoʼ / nenéeníniʼ /nenéːnínoʔ / nenéːníniʔ/ |
| Jina | -zhiʼ /ʒiʔ/ | ázhiʼ /ʔáʒìʔ/ | -ooziʼ /oːzɪʔ/ | uzi /uzi/ | bįzį́ /bĩzĩ́/ | oos /oːs/ | -íisiʼ /íːsiʔ/ |
| Mtu | nnee /nːeː/ | diné /tìné/ | kʼiwinyaʼa:n /kʲʼiwinjaʔaːn/ | dune /dune/ | dëne /dene/ | dinaa /dinaː/ | hinenítee /hineníteː/ |
| Kichwa | bitsitsʼin /bitsitsʼin/ | atsiitsʼiin /ʔɑ̀tsʰìːtsʼìːn/ | — | ut̲s̲i /utsi/ | dënetthí /denetθí/ | -tłeeʼ /tɬiːʔ/ | hóókuhúʼee /hóːkuhúʔeː/ |
| Jicho | bináá /bináː/ | anááʼ /ʔanáːʔ/ | -na:ʼ /-nɑːʔ/ | oona /oːna/ | dënenaghé /denenaʁé/ | -noghaʼ /noɣaʔ/ | besíiseʼ /besíiseʔ/ |
| Sikio | shijaaʼ /ʃidʒaːʔ/ | ajaaʼ /ʔɑ̀tʃɑ̀ːʔ/ | -chiwʼ /-tʃiwʔ/ | ʼudzo /ʔudzo/ | dënedzaghé /denedzaʁé/ | — | wónotónoʼ /wónotónoʔ/ |
| Pua | bichį́h /bitʃĩ́h/ | áchį́į́h /ʔɑ́tʃʰĩ́ːh/ | — | ʼunintsis /ʔunintsis/ | dënetsį /denetsĩ/ | — | béʼis /béʔis/ |
| Mdomo | bizéʼ /bizéʔ/ | azééʼ /ʔɑ̀zéːʔ/ | -daʼ /-daʔ/ | ʼuẕe /ʔuze/ | dënedhá /deneðá/ | — | bétii /bétiː/ |
| Jino | ghoʼ /ɣoʔ/ | awooʼ /ʔɑ̀wòːʔ/ | -woʼ /-woʔ/ | ughu /uɣu/ | dëneghú /deneʁú/ | aghoʼ /aɣoʔ/ | béíci3 /béítʃiθ/ |
| Ulimi | bizaad /bizaːd/ | atsooʼ /atsoːʔ/ | sastan /sastan/ | ecula /etsula/ | dënetthú /denetθú/ | łolaʼ /ɬolaʔ/ | bei3ón /beiθón/ |
| Mkono | bigan /biɡan/ | álaʼ /ʔɑ́lɑ̀ʔ/ | -laʼ /-laʔ/ | la /la/ | ela /ela/ | -loʼ /loʔ/ | béecét /béetʃét/ |
| Mguu | shikee /ʃikeː/ | akeeʼ /ʔàkʰèːʔ/ | -xeʼ /-xeʔ/ | ʼuke /ʔuke/ | eke /eke/ | -kkaaʼ /kːaːʔ/ | wóʼoo3 /wóʔoːθ/ |
| Moyo | bijíí /bidʒíː/ | ajéí /ʔɑ̀tʃéí/ | -ping /-piŋ/ | ʼunjid /ʔundʒid/ | dënedzié /denedzié/ | -dzaayaʼ /tsaːjaʔ/ | bétee /béteː/ |
| Mfupa | tsʼin /tsʼin/ | tsʼin /tsʼìn/ | -tsʼinʼ /-tsʼinʔ/ | ootsʼun /oːtsʼun/ | tthʼën /tθʼen/ | tlʼinh /tɬʼinh/ | híx /híx/ |
| Damu | dił /diɬ/ | dił /tìɬ/ | tse:lin /tseːlin/ | delel /delel/ | del /del/ | lakkona /lakːona/ | beʼ /beʔ/ |
| Kinyesi | bichan /bitʃan/ | chąąʼ /tʃʰɑ̃̀ːʔ/ | chwungʼ /tʃʷuŋʔ/ | tsan /tsan/ | tsą́ /tsã́/ | — | bee /beː/ |
| Upendo | ayóigóʼíí /ʔajóiɣóʔíː/ | ayóóʼánóshʼní /ʔɑ̀jóːʔɑ́nóʃʔní/ | na-wh-ʼishtʼeʼn /nɑwʔɪʃtʼɛʔn/ | sjut /sdʒut/ | yeghąnétą /jeʁãnétã/ | kʼoonejee /kʼooneʒeː/ | bixóó3etíit /bixóːθetíːt/ |
| Mti | chʼil /tʃʼil/ | tsin /tsʰìn/ | kin /kɪn/ | dechen /detʃen/ | dechen /detʃen/ | kʼeyh /kʼejh/ | hohóót /hohóːt/ |
| Mbwa | góshé /ɡóʃé/ | łééchąąʼí /ɬéːtʃʰɑ̃̀ːʔí/ | łingʼ /ɬiŋʔ/ | lhi /ɬi/ | łį /ɬĩ/ | łeek /ɬeːk/ | hé3 /héθ/ |
| Paka | gídí /ɡídí/ | mósí /mósí/ | — /—/ | gus /ɡus/ | mįnus /mĩnus/ | dotonh /dotonh/ | woʼóoo /woʔóoo/ |
| Samaki | łóg /ɬóɡ/ | łóóʼ /ɬóːʔ/ | ło:qʼ /ɬoːqʼ/ | lho /ɬo/ | łue /ɬue/ | tookkʼa /toːkʼa/ | nówoʼ /nówoʔ/ |
| Ndege | dlǫ́ʼ /dlṍʔ/ | tsídii /tsʰítìː/ | — | dutʼai /dutʼai/ | įyese /ĩjese/ | — | niiʼéíhii /niːʔéíhiː/ |
| Kipepeo | doolé /doːlé/ | kʼaalógii /kʼɑ̀ːlókìː/ | — | tsanghoolhtʼah /tsanɣoːɬtʼah/ | yágoli /jáɡoli/ | — | níhʼootéibéíhii /níhʔoːtéibéíhiː/ |
| Yai | iyęęzh /ijẽːʒ/ | ayęęzhii /ʔɑ̀jẽ̀ːʒìː/ | — | ʼughez /ʔuɣez/ | eghézé /eʁézé/ | — | noon /noːn/ |
| Dubu | shash /ʃaʃ/ | shash /ʃɑ̀ʃ/ | sa:tsʼ /saːtsʼ/ | sus /sus/ | sas /sas/ | sis /sis/ | wox /wox/ |
| Farasi | łį́į́ʼ /ɬĩːʔ/ | łį́į́ʼ /ɬĩ́ːʔ/ | łingʼ /ɬiŋʔ/ | yeztli /jeztli/ | łįchok /ɬĩtʃok/ | — | wóxhóox /wóxhóːx/ |
| Nyumba | kįh /kĩh/ | hooghan /hòːɣɑ̀n/ | xontah /xontɑh/ | yoh /joh/ | kuę /kuɛ̃/ | yah /jah/ | hoʼóowuʼ /hoʔóowuʔ/ |
| Maziwa | ibeʼ /ibeʔ/ | abeʼ /ʔɑ̀pèʔ/ | — | lilet /lilet/ | ejeretthʼúe /edʒeretθʼúe/ | tlʼoo /tɬʼoː/ | be3énec /beθénetʃ/ |
| Asali | gosnih /ɡosnih/ | tsísʼná bitłʼizh /tsʰísʔnɑ́ pìtɬʼìʒ/ | — | tsʼihnatlʼuz /tsʼihnatɬʼuz/ | tłʼistthó ni /tɬʼistθó ni/ | — | koohóʼokuukóúhuyooʼ /koːhóʔokuːkóúhujoːʔ/ |
| Chumvi | ishįįh /ʔiʃĩːh/ | áshįįh /ʔáʃĩːh/ | łehqʼonchʼ /ɬehqʼontʃʼ/ | lisel /lisel/ | dedhay /deðaj/ | sol /sol/ | niicooʼowuʼ /niːtʃoːʔowuʔ/ |
| Chuma | bésh /béʃ/ | béésh /péːʃ/ | — | lhuztih /ɬuztih/ | — | — | béiʼcí3eʼ /béiʔtʃíθeʔ/ |
| Kitabu | nałtsoos /naɬtsoːs/ | naaltsoos /nɑ̀ːltsʰòːs/ | — | ʼudustlʼus /ʔudustɬʼus/ | ɂerehtłʼís /ʔerehtɬʼís/ | — | wo3onohóe /woθonohóe/ |
| Kula | yiyąą /jijãː/ | yishą́ /jiʃã́/ | na-ya:n /nɑjɑːn/ | ʼoonjuh /ʔoːndʒuh/ | shétį /ʃétĩ/ | kʼahonh /kʼahonh/ | bii3íhi /biːθíhi/ |
| Kunywa | yidlą /jidlã/ | yishdlą́ /jiʃtɬã́/ | na-ʼa:n /nɑʔɑːn/ | dunjuh /dundʒuh/ | hedą /hedã/ | kʼisinoonh /kʼisinoːnh/ | béne /béne/ |
| Kulala | iłhosh /iɬhoʃ/ | ałhosh /ʔɑ̀ɬhòʃ/ | — | nanisti /nanisti/ | thetį /θetĩ/ | — | nókohú /nókohú/ |
| Moja | dáłaʼá /dáɬaʔá/ | tʼááłáʼí /tʼɑ́ːɬɑ́ʔí/ | łaʼ /ɬaʔ/ | ʼulhah /ʔuɬah/ | įłaghe /ĩɬaʁe/ | kʼeetakkʼee /kʼiːtakʼiː/ | cééseʼ /tʃéːseʔ/ |
| Mbili | naki /naki/ | naaki /nɑ̀ːkʰì/ | nahx /nahx/ | nanki /nanki/ | nake /nake/ | niteekkʼee /nitiːkʼiː/ | niis /niːs/ |
| Tatu | táági /táːɡi/ | tááʼ /tʰáːʔ/ | ta:qʼ /taːqʼ/ | ta /ta/ | taghe /taʁe/ | tokkʼee /tokʼiː/ | nééso /néːso/ |
| Nne | dįįʼ /dĩːʔ/ | dį́įʼ /tĩ́ːʔ/ | dinkʼ /dinkʼ/ | dunghi /dunɣi/ | dįghį /dĩʁĩ/ | — | yein /jein/ |
| Tano | ashdlaʼ /aʃdlaʔ/ | ashdlaʼ /ʔɑ̀ʃtɬɑ̀ʔ/ | chwolaʼ /tʃʷolaʔ/ | kwulaiʼ /kʷulaiʔ/ | sųlaghe /sũlaʁe/ | — | yoo3ón /joːθón/ |
| Mia | gonenadín /ɡonenadín/ | neeznádiin /nèːznɑ́tìːn/ | łaʼ-dikin /ɬaʔdikʲin/ | whunizyat whunizyai /xʷunizjat xʷunizjai/ | łónona /ɬónona/ | — | béteetósooʼ /béteːtósoːʔ/ |
| Habari | dagotʼee /daɡotʼeː/ | yáʼátʼééh /jɑ́ʔɑ́tʼéːh/ | tsʼehdiyaʼ /tsʼɛhdɪjaʔ/ | ʼahdoozaee /ʔahdoːzaː/ | edlanetʼe /edlanetʼe/ | — /—/ | héébe /héːbe/ |
| Asante | ahíyiʼé /ʔahíjiʔé/ | ahéheeʼ /ʔɑ̀héhèːʔ/ | na:nehs-ʼe:n /nɑːnɛhsʔɛːn/ | snachailya /snatʃailja/ | mąsi chok /mãsi tʃok/ | baaseeʼ /baːseːʔ/ | hohóú /hohóú/ |
| Nzuri | nzhǫǫ /nʒõː/ | yáʼátʼééh /jɑ́ʔɑ́tʼéːh/ | niwhong /nɪwhoŋ/ | nezuʼ /nezuʔ/ | nezų /nezũ/ | nizoonh /nizoːnh/ | hi3éíhi /hiθéíhi/ |
| Mpya | áníidé /áníːdé/ | ániid /ʔɑ́nìːt/ | — | ʼandidi /ʔandidi/ | degóth /deɡóθ/ | — | wooyóó /woːjóː/ |
| Nyekundu | łichíí /ɬitʃíː/ | łichííʼ /ɬìtʃʰíːʔ/ | łitsʼ /ɬitsʼ/ | delqʼun /delqʼun/ | delkʼoz /delkʼoz/ | nełtseeyh /neɬtseːjh/ | beeʼééʼ /beːʔéːʔ/ |
| Nyeupe | łigai /ɬiɡai/ | łigai /ɬìkɑ̀ì/ | łiqay /ɬɪqɑj/ | ʼulhyul /ʔuɬjul/ | delgai /delɡai/ | — | noocóó /noːtʃóː/ |
| Nyeusi | diłhił /diɬhiɬ/ | łizhin /ɬìʒìn/ | — | dulhgus /duɬɡus/ | delzen /delzen/ | — | woʼóteeyóó /woʔóteːjóː/ |
| Kijani | dotłʼizh /dotɬʼiʒ/ | dootłʼizh /tòːtɬʼìʒ/ | łitsow /ɬitsow/ | dultlʼuz /dutɬʼuz/ | dzeretłʼes látʼį /dzeretɬʼes látʼĩ/ | — | cenéeteeyóó /tʃenéːteːjóː/ |
| Buluu | dotłʼizh /dotɬʼiʒ/ | dootłʼizh /tòːtɬʼìʒ/ | — | — | déhtłʼéz /déhtɬʼéz/ | — | cenéeteeyóó /tʃenéːteːjóː/ |
| Kompyuta | bésh eʼléhí /béʃ eʔléhí/ | béésh nitsékeesí /péːʃ nìtsʰékʰèːsí/ | — | — | satsán bení hųlį /satsán bení hũlĩ/ | — | — |
| Kahawa | tudiłhiłi /tudiɬhiɬi/ | gohwééh /kòhʷéːh/ | — | — | líkafí /líkafí/ | — | wooʼtéénoówuʼ /woːʔtéːnoówuʔ/ |
| 99 | ngostʼádin ngostʼáí /ŋɡostʼádin ŋɡostʼáí/ | náhástʼédiindóó baʼaan náhástʼéí /náhástʼétiːntóː paʔaːn náhástʼéí/ | — | — | — | — | — |
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