Tabarchin
Kitabarchino
Kihindi-Ulaya (Kiromance, Kiitalo-Magharibi, Kigallo-Italiki, Kiliguria, Kitabarchino)
Tabarchino ni lahaja ya Kiligure cha Genova iliyobebwa katika karne ya 16 na wavuvi wa matumbawe kutoka Pegli hadi kisiwa cha Tunisia cha Tabarka (1542), kisha kuhamishiwa upya katika kisiwa cha Sardinia cha Isola di San Pietro mwaka 1738. Inahifadhi sifa za Kigenova cha mwanzoni mwa enzi ya kisasa zilizopotea katika bara, na inaonyesha [ɲ] ya kaakaa ya kipekee katika lugna "mwezi". Mojawapo ya mifano iliyo wazi zaidi barani Ulaya ya upandikizaji wa lugha ya baharini.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kitabarchino
Vyanzo
- Toso, Fiorenzo (2003) Il tabarchino. Strutture, evoluzione storica, aspetti sociolinguistici. In: Le minoranze linguistiche storiche, Roma.
- Toso, Fiorenzo (2004) Vocabolario tabarchino–italiano. Recco: Le Mani.
- Vallebona, Giuseppe (1975) Dizionario Tabarchino-Italiano. Genova: Compagnia dei Librai.
- Glottolog: Tabarchino
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kihindi-Ulaya (Kiromance, Kiitalo-Magharibi, Kigallo-Italiki, Kiliguria, Kitabarchino)
| Maana | Kitabarchino | Kiliguria | Kiveneto | Kipiemonte | Kilombardia | Kikorsika | Kiitaliano |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ègua /ˈeːɡwa/ | ægoa /ˈɛːɡwa/ | aqua /ˈakwa/ | eva /ˈɛva/ | aqua /ˈaːkwa/ | acqua /ˈakwa/ | acqua /ˈakkwa/ |
| Moto | fögu /ˈføːɡu/ | fêugo /ˈføːɡu/ | fogo /ˈfoɡo/ | feu /føː/ | fœg /føːk/ | focu /ˈfɔku/ | fuoco /ˈfwɔːko/ |
| Jua | su /su/ | sô /suː/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sul/ | sô /soː/ | sole /ˈsɔle/ | sole /ˈsoːle/ |
| Mwezi | lugna /ˈlyɲa/ | lùn-a /ˈlyŋa/ | łuna /ˈuna/ | lun-a /ˈlyŋa/ | lüna /ˈlyna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluːna/ |
| Nyota | stella /ˈstɛlːa/ | stélla /ˈstella/ | stela /ˈstela/ | stèila /ˈstɛjla/ | stella /ˈstɛla/ | stella /ˈstella/ | stella /ˈstɛlla/ |
| Usiku | neutte /ˈnøte/ | néutte /ˈnøtte/ | note /ˈnɔte/ | neuit /nøjt/ | nocc /nɔtʃ/ | notte /ˈnɔtːe/ | notte /ˈnɔtte/ |
| Theluji | neive /ˈnejve/ | néie /ˈnejje/ | neve /neve/ | fiòca /ˈfjɔka/ | nev /nɛf/ | neve /ˈneve/ | neve /neːve/ |
| Upepo | vento /ˈveŋtu/ | vénto /ˈventu/ | vento /ˈvento/ | vent /vɛnt/ | vent /vɛnt/ | ventu /ˈventu/ | vento /ˈvento/ |
| Udongo | tæra /ˈtɛːra/ | tæra /ˈtɛːra/ | tera /ˈtɛra/ | tèra /ˈtɛra/ | tera /ˈteːra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ |
| Jiwe | prîa /ˈpriːa/ | prîa /ˈpriːa/ | piera /ˈpjɛra/ | pera /ˈpera/ | sass /sas/ | petra /ˈpɛtra/ | pietra /ˈpjɛːtra/ |
| Mama | maire /ˈmajre/ | moæ /mwɛː/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mader /ˈmaːder/ | mamma /ˈmamma/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ |
| Baba | paire /ˈpajre/ | poæ /pwɛː/ | pare /pare/ | pare /ˈpare/ | pader /ˈpaːder/ | babbu /ˈbabːu/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ |
| Binti | fìggia /ˈfidːʒa/ | fìggia /ˈfiddʒa/ | fioła /ˈfjɔe̯a/ | fija /ˈfija/ | fiœula /ˈfjøːla/ | figliola /fiʎˈʎola/ | figlia /ˈfiʎʎa/ |
| Mimi | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mì /mi/ | eiu /ˈɛju/ | io /ˈio/ |
| Wewe | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | tì /ti/ | tù /tu/ | tu /tu/ |
| Sisi | nuiâtri /nuˈjaːtri/ | niâtri /ˈnjaːtri/ | noaltri /noˈaltri/ | noi /nuj/ | nun /nyn/ | noi /ˈnoi/ | noi /noi/ |
| Jina | nomme /ˈnɔmːe/ | nomme /ˈnume/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nòm /nɔm/ | nòmm /nɔm/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnome/ |
| Kichwa | tésta /ˈtesta/ | tésta /ˈtesta/ | tèsta /ˈtɛsta/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ | coo /kuː/ | capu /ˈkapu/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ |
| Jicho | öggiu /ˈødʒu/ | éuggio /ˈøddʒu/ | ocio /ɔtʃo/ | euj /øj/ | öcc /øtʃ/ | ochju /ˈɔcu/ | occhio /ˈɔkkjo/ |
| Sikio | oegia /ˈweːdʒa/ | oêgia /ˈweːdʒa/ | récia /ˈretʃa/ | orija /uˈrija/ | oreggia /oˈredʒa/ | arechja /aˈrɛca/ | orecchio /oˈrekkjo/ |
| Pua | naso /ˈnazu/ | naso /ˈnaːzu/ | naxo /ˈnazo/ | nas /nas/ | nas /nas/ | nasu /ˈnazu/ | naso /ˈnaːzo/ |
| Mdomo | bócca /ˈbukːa/ | bócca /ˈbuka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbuka/ | boca /ˈbuka/ | bocca /ˈbɔkka/ | bocca /ˈbokka/ |
| Jino | dente /ˈdente/ | dénte /ˈdeŋte/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dent /dɛŋt/ | dent /dent/ | dente /ˈdɛnte/ | dente /ˈdɛnte/ |
| Ulimi | lengua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | lengua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | léngua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | lenga /ˈlɛŋɡa/ | lengua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ |
| Mkono | mòn /mɔŋ/ | man /maŋ/ | man /man/ | man /maŋ/ | man /maŋ/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | mano /ˈmaːno/ |
| Mguu | pé /peː/ | pê /peː/ | pìe /ˈpie/ | pé /pe/ | pè /pɛ/ | pede /ˈpɛde/ | piede /ˈpjɛde/ |
| Moyo | cö /kø/ | chêu /køː/ | cor /kɔr/ | cheur /kør/ | cör /kør/ | core /ˈkɔre/ | cuore /ˈkwɔːre/ |
| Mfupa | òsso /ˈɔsu/ | òsso /ˈɔsu/ | oso /ˈɔso/ | òss /ɔs/ | oss /ɔs/ | ossu /ˈɔssu/ | osso /ˈɔsso/ |
| Damu | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sàngoe /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangh /saŋ/ | sangu /ˈsaŋɡu/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ |
| Upendo | amù /aˈmu/ | amô /amuː/ | amor /amor/ | amor /aˈmur/ | amor /aˈmuːr/ | amore /aˈmɔre/ | amore /aˈmoːre/ |
| Mti | âbu /ˈaːbu/ | èrbo /ˈɛrbu/ | àlbaro /ˈalbaro/ | àrbol /ˈarbul/ | alber /ˈɑːrbɛr/ | arburu /ˈarburu/ | albero /ˈalbero/ |
| Mbwa | can /kaŋ/ | can /kaŋ/ | can /kaŋ/ | can /kaŋ/ | can /kan/ | cane /ˈkane/ | cane /ˈkaːne/ |
| Paka | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gàtto /ˈɡattu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gat /ɡat/ | gat /ɡat/ | ghjattu /ˈɟattu/ | gatto /ˈɡatto/ |
| Samaki | pésciu /ˈpeʃu/ | péscio /ˈpeʃʃu/ | pesse /ˈpese/ | pess /pes/ | pess /pes/ | pesciu /ˈpeʃu/ | pesce /ˈpeʃʃe/ |
| Nyumba | cà /ka/ | câza /ˈkaːza/ | caxa /ˈkaza/ | ca /ka/ | cà /kaː/ | casa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkaːsa/ |
| Chumvi | sâ /saː/ | sâ /saː/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sale /ˈsale/ | sale /ˈsale/ |
| Mvinyo | vin /viŋ/ | vin /viŋ/ | vin /viŋ/ | vin /viŋ/ | vin /viŋ/ | vinu /ˈvinu/ | vino /ˈvino/ |
| Chuma | færo /ˈfɛru/ | færo /ˈfɛːru/ | fero /ˈfɛro/ | fer /fɛr/ | fèr /fɛr/ | ferru /ˈfɛrru/ | ferro /ˈfɛrro/ |
| Gurudumu | röa /ˈrøa/ | reua /ˈrøːa/ | roda /ˈrɔda/ | roa /ˈrua/ | roeuda /ˈrøːda/ | rota /ˈrɔta/ | ruota /ˈrwɔta/ |
| Kula | mangiò /manˈdʒo/ | mangiâ /maŋˈdʒaː/ | magnàr /maˈɲar/ | mangé /maɲˈdʒe/ | mangià /maɲˈdʒaː/ | manghjà /manˈɟa/ | mangiare /manˈdʒaːre/ |
| Kunywa | bàive /ˈbajve/ | béive /ˈbejve/ | bévar /ˈbevar/ | bèive /ˈbɛive/ | bev /bev/ | beie /ˈbeje/ | bere /ˈbeːre/ |
| Kulala | dormî /durˈmiː/ | dormî /durˈmiː/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | durmì /dyrˈmi/ | dormì /durˈmi/ | durmì /durˈmi/ | dormire /dorˈmiːre/ |
| Moja | un /uŋ/ | un /yŋ/ | un /un/ | un /yŋ/ | vün /vyŋ/ | unu /ˈunu/ | uno /ˈuːno/ |
| Mbili | dui /ˈdui/ | doî /dwiː/ | do /do/ | doi /dui/ | duu /dy/ | dui /ˈdui/ | due /ˈdue/ |
| Tatu | tréi /trej/ | tréi /trej/ | tre /tre/ | tre /trɛ/ | trii /triː/ | trè /trɛ/ | tre /tre/ |
| Nne | quattro /ˈkwatru/ | quàttro /ˈkwattru/ | quatro /ˈkwatro/ | quatr /kwatr/ | quater /ˈkwater/ | quattru /ˈkwatːru/ | quattro /ˈkwattro/ |
| Tano | çìnque /ˈsiŋkwe/ | çìnque /ˈsinkwe/ | sìnque /ˈsiŋkwe/ | sinch /siŋk/ | cinch /tʃiŋk/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ |
| Habari | ciau /tʃaw/ | ciâo /tʃaː/ | ciao /tʃao/ | ciao /tʃao/ | ciao /ˈtʃaːo/ | salute /saˈlute/ | ciao /ˈtʃaːo/ |
| Asante | graçie /ˈɡrasje/ | graçie /ˈɡrasje/ | grassie /ɡrasje/ | gràssie /ˈɡrasie/ | gràzie /ˈɡrasje/ | grazie /ˈɡratsje/ | grazie /ˈɡrattsje/ |
| Nzuri | bon /buŋ/ | bon /buŋ/ | bon /bon/ | bon /buŋ/ | bun /buŋ/ | bonu /ˈbɔnu/ | buono /ˈbwɔːno/ |
| Mpya | neûvu /ˈnøvu/ | nêuvo /ˈnøːvu/ | novo /ˈnovo/ | neuv /nøw/ | nœuv /nøf/ | novu /ˈnɔvu/ | nuovo /ˈnwɔːvo/ |
| Nyekundu | rossu /ˈrusu/ | rósso /ˈrussu/ | róso /ˈroso/ | ross /rus/ | ross /rɔs/ | rossu /ˈrossu/ | rosso /ˈrosso/ |
| Nyeupe | gianco /ˈdʒaŋku/ | gianco /ˈdʒaŋku/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | bianch /bjaŋk/ | bianch /bjaŋk/ | biancu /ˈbjaŋku/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ |
| Kijani | verde /ˈverde/ | vèrde /ˈvɛrde/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verd /vɛrt/ | verd /vert/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ |
| Kompyuta | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | urdinatore /urdinaˈtore/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃʃi/ |
| Chungwa | naranza /naˈraŋza/ | çetrón /seˈtruŋ/ | naranza /naˈraŋsa/ | aransa /aˈraŋsa/ | naranz /naˈrans/ | aranciu /aˈrantʃu/ | arancia /aˈrantʃa/ |
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