Chiluvale
Kiluvale
Atlantic-Congo (Kibantu, kundi la Chokwe-Luchazi / K.10)
Luvale (Chiluvale) ni lugha ya Kibantu ya kundi K inayozungumzwa katika maeneo ya mpaka kati ya Angola na Zambia. Watu wa Luvale ni mojawapo ya makundi saba ya lugha rasmi yanayotambuliwa kama "Bantu wa Zambia". Lugha hii ina toni na upatanisho wa madaraja ya nomino ya Kibantu, na inahusiana kwa karibu na Lunda (lun) ndani ya kundi K14. Inajulikana kwa tamasha la kitamaduni la Likumbi Lya Mize na desturi ya kuvaa vinyago vya makishi (Urithi Usioshikika wa UNESCO 2008).
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiluvale
lilalanja
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Atlantic-Congo (Kibantu, kundi la Chokwe-Luchazi / K.10)
| Maana | Kiluvale | Kilunda | Kimbundu | Kikaonde | Kiluba-Kasai | Kikwanyama | Kiyao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | meya /meja/ | meji /medʒi/ | menha /meɲa/ | mema /mema/ | mâyi /maːji/ | omeva /omeva/ | meesi /meːsi/ |
| Moto | kakahya /kakahja/ | kesi /kesi/ | tubia /tubja/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | kapia /kapia/ | omundilo /omundilo/ | mooto /moːto/ |
| Jua | likumbi /likumbi/ | itaŋwa /itaŋwa/ | dikumbi /dikumbi/ | juba /dʒuba/ | dîba /diːba/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ | lyuŵa /ʎuβa/ |
| Mwezi | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | mbeji /mbeʒi/ | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | omwedi /omwedi/ | lwesi /lwesi/ |
| Nyota | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | katumbwa /katumbwa/ | tetembwa /teˈtembwa/ | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | mutoto /mutoto/ | onyofi /oɲofi/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ |
| Usiku | ufuku /ufuku/ | wufuku /wufuku/ | usuku /usuku/ | bufuku /bufuku/ | butuku /butuku/ | oufiku /oufiku/ | chilo /tʃilo/ |
| Mvua | vula /vula/ | nvula /nvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | odula /odula/ | ula /ula/ |
| Theluji | mbundu /mbundu/ | — /—/ | neve /neve/ | sino /sino/ | neje /neʒe/ | eandu /eandu/ | — |
| Upepo | peho /peho/ | mpepela /mpepela/ | kitembu /kitembu/ | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | tshipepele /tʃipepele/ | omhepo /om̥epo/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ |
| Udongo | mavu /mavu/ | iseki /iseki/ | mavu /mavu/ | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | buloba /buloba/ | edu /edu/ | litaka /litaka/ |
| Jiwe | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | ilola /ilola/ | ditadi /ditadi/ | jibwe /dʒibwe/ | dibue /diˈbwe/ | emanya /emaɲa/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ |
| Mlima | pili /pili/ | mpidi /mpidi/ | mulundu /mulundu/ | mutumba /mutumba/ | mukuna /mukuna/ | omhunda /om̥unda/ | chitumbi /tʃitumbi/ |
| Bahari | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | kaluŋalwiji /kaluŋalwidʒi/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | mbuwu /mbuwu/ | efuta /efuta/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mama | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | bamama /bamama/ | mâmu /maːmu/ | meme /meme/ | amao /amao/ |
| Baba | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | bataata /bataːta/ | tâtu /taːtu/ | tate /tate/ | atati /atati/ |
| Binti | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana wamumbanda /mwana wamumbanda/ | mona a muhatu /mona a muhatu/ | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | muana wa bakaji /muana wa bakaʒi/ | omona okakadona /omona okakadona/ | mwali /mwali/ |
| Mimi | ami /ami/ | ami /ami/ | eme /eme/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | meme /meme/ | ame /ame/ | une /une/ |
| Wewe | ove /ove/ | eyi /eji/ | eie /eje/ | obewa /obewa/ | wewe /wewe/ | ove /ove/ | ugwe /uɡwe/ |
| Sisi | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | atweba /atweba/ | tuetu /tuetu/ | fye /fje/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Jina | lijina /liˈʒina/ | ijina /idʒina/ | dijina /diˈʒina/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | dîna /diːna/ | edina /edina/ | liina /liːna/ |
| Mtu | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | omunhu /omun̥u/ | mundu /mundu/ |
| Kichwa | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutue /mutue/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | ntwe /ntwe/ |
| Jicho | liso /liso/ | disu /disu/ | disu /disu/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | dîsu /diːsu/ | eisho /eiʃo/ | liso /liso/ |
| Sikio | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | itu /itu/ | ditui /ditui/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | ditshu /ditʃu/ | okutwi /okutwi/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ |
| Pua | lizulu /lizulu/ | izulu /izulu/ | dizulu /dizulu/ | moona /moːna/ | diulu /diulu/ | edyulu /edjulu/ | lupula /lupula/ |
| Mdomo | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | dikanu /dikanu/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mukana /mukana/ | okanya /okaɲa/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ |
| Jino | lizo /lizo/ | iji /idʒi/ | dizu /dizu/ | jiino /dʒiːno/ | dinu /dinu/ | eyoo /ejoː/ | liino /liːno/ |
| Ulimi | limi /limi/ | idimi /idimi/ | dimi /dimi/ | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | elaka /elaka/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Mkono | livoko /livoko/ | chikasa /tʃikasa/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | tshianza /tʃianza/ | eke /eke/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Mguu | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | mwendu /mwendu/ | kinama /kinama/ | kuulu /kuːlu/ | dikasa /dikasa/ | omhadi /om̥adi/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ |
| Moyo | mutima /mutima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | muxima /muʃima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | mutshima /mutʃima/ | omutima /omutima/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Mfupa | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | ifwaha /ifwaha/ | kifuba /kifuba/ | kupa /kupa/ | mufuba /mufuba/ | ekipa /ekipa/ | liupa /liupa/ |
| Damu | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | manhinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | mashi /maʃi/ | ohonde /ohonde/ | miasi /miasi/ |
| Kinyesi | tuji /tudʒi/ | — | tuji /tuʒi/ | — | tumvi /tumvi/ | — | manyi /maɲi/ |
| Upendo | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | kukeŋa /kukeŋa/ | henda /henda/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ | ohole /ohole/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ |
| Mti | mutondo /mutondo/ | mutondu /mutondu/ | muxi /muʃi/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | mutshi /mutʃi/ | omuti /omuti/ | chitela /tʃitela/ |
| Mbwa | kawa /kawa/ | kawa /kawa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kabwa /kabwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Paka | katako /katako/ | — /—/ | kasalu /kasalu/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | nyao /ɲao/ | okatufi /okatufi/ | paka /paka/ |
| Samaki | shi /ʃi/ | inshi /inʃi/ | mbiji /mbiʒi/ | jisabi /dʒisabi/ | mushipa /muʃipa/ | oshi /oʃi/ | somba /somba/ |
| Ndege | kajila /kadʒila/ | kada /kada/ | njila /ndʒila/ | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | nyunyu /ɲuɲu/ | odila /odila/ | chijuni /tʃidʒuni/ |
| Kipepeo | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | ipupwila /ipupwila/ | kimbiambia /kimbjambja/ | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | tshibiyibiyi /tʃibijibiji/ | onghanga /oŋ̊aŋ̊a/ | chipuluputwa /tʃipuluputwa/ |
| Yai | liulu /liulu/ | iteta /iteta/ | diiaki /dijaki/ | jike /dʒike/ | diyi /diji/ | ei /ei/ | lindanda /lindanda/ |
| Dubu | ulusu /ulusu/ | bera /bera/ | ulusu /ulusu/ | mbeyala /mbejala/ | — | — | dubu /dubu/ |
| Farasi | kavalu /kavalu/ | kawalu /kawalu/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | mbili /mbili/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | onghambe /oŋ̊ambe/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Nyumba | zuvo /zuvo/ | itala /itala/ | inzo /inzo/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | nzubu /nzubu/ | eumbo /eumbo/ | nyuumba /ɲuːmba/ |
| Maziwa | mavele /mavele/ | mayeli /majeli/ | lete /lete/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mabele /mabele/ | omashini /omaʃini/ | maŵele /maβele/ |
| Asali | uchi /utʃi/ | wuchi /wutʃi/ | uiki /wiki/ | buki /buki/ | buitshi /buitʃi/ | omaadi eenyiki /omaːdi eːɲiki/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| Chumvi | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | muŋwa /muŋwa/ | mungua /muŋɡwa/ | mukele /mukele/ | luepu /luepu/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ | njete /ndʒete/ |
| Mvinyo | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | binyu /biɲu/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | omaviinyu /omaviːɲu/ | divai /divai/ |
| Mchele | loso /loso/ | losu /losu/ | loso /loso/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | losa /losa/ | olwishi /olwiʃi/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ |
| Chuma | fwelu /fwelu/ | chikuŋu /tʃikuŋu/ | felu /felu/ | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | tshiamu /tʃiamu/ | oshivela /oʃivela/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ |
| Gurudumu | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | kafumbu /kafumbu/ | dilola /dilola/ | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | lukata /lukata/ | okuulu /okuːlu/ | wilo /wilo/ |
| Hariri | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | seda /seda/ | shilika /ʃilika/ | swa /swa/ | osilki /osilki/ | halili /halili/ |
| Kitabu | mukanda /mukanda/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | divulu /divulu/ | buku /buku/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | embo /embo/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ |
| Kula | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kudia /kudia/ | okulya /okuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Kunywa | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kunua /kunua/ | okunwa /okunwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ |
| Kulala | kusavala /kusavala/ | kukama /kukama/ | kuzeka /kuzeka/ | kulaala /kulaːla/ | kulala /kulala/ | okukofa /okukofa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Moja | mwe /mwe/ | wumu /wumu/ | moxi /moʃi/ | umo /umo/ | umue /umue/ | mwe /mwe/ | mo /mo/ |
| Mbili | vali /vali/ | ayedi /ajedi/ | iadi /jaːdi/ | babiji /babidʒi/ | ibidi /ibidi/ | vali /vali/ | iŵili /iβili/ |
| Tatu | tatu /tatu/ | satu /satu/ | tatu /tatu/ | basatu /basatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | nhatu /n̥atu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ |
| Nne | wana /wana/ | wana /wana/ | uana /wana/ | bana /bana/ | inai /inai/ | nhee /n̥eː/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ |
| Tano | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | batanu /batanu/ | itanu /itanu/ | nhano /n̥ano/ | nsano /nsano/ |
| Mia | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | nkulakaji /nkulakadʒi/ | hama /hama/ | kitota /kitota/ | lukama /lukama/ | efele /efele/ | mia /mia/ |
| Habari | mwane /mwane/ | — /—/ | nga ku menekena /ŋɡa ku menekena/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | moyo /mojo/ | wa hala po /wa hala po/ | salama /salama/ |
| Asante | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | nasakilili /nasakilili/ | nga ku sakidila /ŋɡa ku sakidila/ | nasanta /nasanta/ | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ | pandula /pandula/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | mwaza /mwaza/ | chachiwahi /tʃatʃiwahi/ | kiambote /kiambote/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | impe /impe/ | wa /wa/ | chambone /tʃambone/ |
| Mpya | chihya /tʃihja/ | chachiha /tʃatʃiha/ | kiobe /kjobe/ | kipya /kipja/ | mupia /mupia/ | pe /pe/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ |
| Nyekundu | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | chinana /tʃinana/ | kusuka /kusuka/ | chila /tʃila/ | kunze /kunze/ | tilyana /tiʎana/ | chechejeu /tʃetʃedʒeu/ |
| Nyeupe | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | chitooka /tʃitoːka/ | kuzela /kuzela/ | toka /toka/ | toke /toke/ | toka /toka/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ |
| Nyeusi | chilava /tʃilava/ | — | kuxikela /kuʃikela/ | fiita /fiːta/ | fike /fike/ | laula /laula/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ |
| Kompyuta | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | komputadolo /komputadolo/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | ordinatere /ordinatere/ | okombiyuta /okombijuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ |
| Chai | tiyi /tiji/ | tii /tiː/ | xá /ʃa/ | — | tshiayi /tʃiaji/ | otee /oteː/ | tiyi /tiji/ |
| Kahawa | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafé /kaˈfe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafe /kafe/ | okoofi /okoːfi/ | kofi /kofi/ |
| Sukari | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sukidi /suˈkidi/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | nsukadi /nsukadi/ | osuuka /osuːka/ | sukali /sukali/ |
| Chungwa | lilalanja | — | dilalanza /dilalanza/ | — | — | — | mlalanje /mlalandʒe/ |
| 99 | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana /makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana/ | makuinhi ivua ni ivua /makwiɲi ivwa ni ivwa/ | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | makumi tshitema ne tshitema /makumi tʃitema ne tʃitema/ | omilongo omugoi nomugoi /omiloŋɡo omuɡoi nomuɡoi/ | makumi msano ni mcece kwisa msano ni mcece /makumi msano ni mtʃetʃe kwisa msano ni mtʃetʃe/ |
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