Chitonga
Kitonga cha Zambia
familia ya Atlantiki-Kongo (Kibantu, Tonga-Lenje)
Kitonga cha Zambia (Chitonga) ni lugha tofauti na Kitonga cha Pasifiki (jina hilohilo). Inazungumzwa katika majimbo ya kusini na magharibi ya Zambia, hasa kuzunguka Ziwa Kariba, na ni mojawapo ya lugha kuu za kanda.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kitonga cha Zambia
ccokoleti
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: familia ya Atlantiki-Kongo (Kibantu, Tonga-Lenje)
| Maana | Kitonga cha Zambia | Kibemba | Kishona | Kimanyika | Kikaonde | Kitumbuka | Kinyamwezi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | meenda /meːnda/ | amenshi /amenʃi/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mema /mema/ | maji /madʒi/ | minzi /minzi/ |
| Moto | mulilo /mulilo/ | umulilo /umulilo/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Jua | zuba /zuba/ | akasuba /akasuba/ | zuva /zuva/ | zuva /zuva/ | juba /dʒuba/ | zuŵa /zuβa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ |
| Mwezi | mwezi /mwezi/ | umweshi /umweʃi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ |
| Nyota | nyenyezi /ɲeˈɲezi/ | intanda /intanda/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nsonda /nsonda/ |
| Usiku | busiku /busiku/ | ubushiku /ubuʃiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | bufuku /bufuku/ | usiku /usiku/ | buziku /buziku/ |
| Mvua | imvula /imvula/ | imfula /imˈfula/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvula /mvula/ | vula /ˈvula/ | mbula /mbula/ |
| Theluji | caanda /tʃaːnda/ | ubunga bwa mfula /ubuŋɡa bwa mfula/ | sinoo /sinoː/ | — | sino /sino/ | chiwuvi /tʃiwuvi/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ |
| Upepo | muwo /muwo/ | umwela /umwela/ | mhepo /ˈmʱepo/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ |
| Udongo | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | umushili /umuʃili/ | ivhu /iβu/ | ivhu /iβu/ | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | dongo /doŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ |
| Jiwe | ibbwe /iˈbwe/ | ibwe /iˈbwe/ | ibwe /iˈɓwe/ | ibwe /iɓwe/ | jibwe /dʒibwe/ | libwe /liˈɓwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Mlima | cilundu /tʃilundu/ | ulupili /ulupili/ | gomo /ˈɡomo/ | gomo /ɡomo/ | mutumba /mutumba/ | phiri /pʰiɾi/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ |
| Bahari | lwaanje /lwaːndʒe/ | bemba /bemba/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ |
| Mama | bama /bama/ | bamayo /bamajo/ | amai /amai/ | amai /amai/ | bamama /bamama/ | amama /amama/ | mayu /maju/ |
| Baba | bataata /bataːta/ | bataata /bataːta/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | bataata /bataːta/ | adada /adada/ | baba /baba/ |
| Binti | mwana musimbi /mwana musimbi/ | umwana mwanakashi /umwana mwanakaʃi/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ | mukunda /mukunda/ | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | mwana msungwana /mwana msuŋɡwana/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ |
| Mimi | ime /ime/ | ine /ine/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | ine /ine/ | nene /ˈnene/ |
| Wewe | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | obewa /obewa/ | iwe /iwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ |
| Sisi | iswe /iswe/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | isu /isu/ | isu /isu/ | atweba /atweba/ | ise /ise/ | iswe /iswe/ |
| Jina | izina /iˈziːna/ | ishina /iʃina/ | zita /zita/ | zita /zita/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | zina /zina/ | lina /ˈlina/ |
| Mtu | muntu /muntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ | munhu /muˈnʱu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | muntu /muntu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| Kichwa | mutwe /mutwe/ | umutwe /umutwe/ | musoro /musoro/ | musoro /musoro/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutwe /mutwe/ |
| Jicho | liso /liso/ | ilinso /ilinso/ | ziso /ziso/ | ziso /ziso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | liso /liso/ |
| Sikio | kutwi /kutwi/ | ukutwi /ukutwi/ | nzeve /nzeβe/ | nzeve /nzeve/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | itwi /itwi/ |
| Pua | impemo /impemo/ | umona /umona/ | mhino /mʱino/ | mhino /mʱino/ | moona /moːna/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | nindo /nindo/ |
| Mdomo | kanwa /kanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | muromo /muˈromo/ | muromo /muromo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mlomo /m̩lomo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ |
| Jino | linyo /liɲo/ | ilino /ilino/ | zino /zino/ | zino /zino/ | jiino /dʒiːno/ | jino /dʒino/ | lino /lino/ |
| Ulimi | mulaka /mulaka/ | ululimi /ululimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Mkono | kuboko /kuboko/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | ruoko /rwoko/ | ruoko /ɾwoko/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | woko /woko/ | kukono /kukono/ |
| Mguu | cituta /tʃituta/ | ulukasa /ulukasa/ | tsoka /tsoka/ | — | kuulu /kuːlu/ | lundi /lundi/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ |
| Moyo | moyo /mojo/ | umutima /umutima/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | mtima /m̩tima/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Mfupa | ifuwa /ifuwa/ | ifupa /ifupa/ | pfupa /pfupa/ | godo /ɡodo/ | kupa /kupa/ | chiwangwa /tʃiwaŋɡwa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ |
| Damu | bulowa /bulowa/ | umulopa /umulopa/ | ropa /ropa/ | ropa /ropa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | ndopa /ndopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ |
| Kinyesi | tubi /tubi/ | amafi /amafi/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | — | mavi /mavi/ | maafi /maːfi/ |
| Upendo | luyando /lujando/ | ukutemwa /ukutemwa/ | rudo /rudo/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | kutemwa /kutemwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Mti | cisamu /tʃisamu/ | icimuti /itʃimuti/ | muti /muti/ | muti /muti/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | khuni /kʰuni/ | muti /muti/ |
| Mbwa | muvwa /muvwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kabwa /kabwa/ | ncheŵe /ntʃeβe/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Paka | kaaze /kaːze/ | pushi /puʃi/ | katsi /katsi/ | katsi /katsi/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | chona /tʃona/ | paka /paka/ |
| Samaki | inswi /inswi/ | isabi /isabi/ | hove /hove/ | hove /hove/ | jisabi /dʒisabi/ | somba /somba/ | somba /soːmba/ |
| Ndege | kayuni /kajuni/ | icuni /itʃuni/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | chiyuni /tʃijuni/ | noni /noni/ |
| Kipepeo | inkoonkolekwa /iŋkoːŋkolekwa/ | icipelebesha /itʃipelebeːʃa/ | shaveshave /ʃaveʃave/ | — | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | bulawura /bulawuɾa/ | — |
| Yai | iji /idʒi/ | ilini /ilini/ | zai /zai/ | zai /zai/ | jike /dʒike/ | sumbi /sumbi/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Dubu | bbeya /ˈbeja/ | bea /bea/ | bheya /bʱeja/ | — | mbeyala /mbejala/ | — | — |
| Farasi | ibbiza /iˈbiza/ | kabalwe /kabalwe/ | bhiza /biza/ | bhiza /biza/ | mbili /mbili/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Nyumba | ngʼanda /ŋanda/ | ingʼanda /iŋːanda/ | imba /imba/ | mhatso /mhatso/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ |
| Maziwa | mukupa /mukupa/ | umukaka /umukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ |
| Asali | buci /butʃi/ | ubuci /ubutʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | buki /buki/ | uchi /utʃi/ | buuki /buːki/ |
| Chumvi | munyo /muɲo/ | umucele /umutʃele/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | mukele /mukele/ | mchere /m̩tʃere/ | munu /munu/ |
| Mvinyo | waini /waini/ | umwangashi /umwaŋɡaʃi/ | waini /waini/ | waini /waini/ | binyu /biɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Mchele | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | umupunga /umupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | — |
| Chokoleti | ccokoleti | chokoleti | chokoreti /tʃokoreti/ | — | — | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | — |
| Chuma | butale /butale/ | icela /iˈtʃela/ | simbi /ˈsimbi/ | simbi /simbi/ | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | chisulo /tʃiˈsulo/ | kisinza /kisinza/ |
| Gurudumu | ivwili /iˈvwili/ | umupeto /umupeto/ | vhiri /viri/ | vhiri /βiri/ | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | khwiro /kʰwiro/ | — |
| Kitabu | ibbuku /iˈbuku/ | icitabo /itʃitabo/ | bhuku /ˈɓuku/ | bhuku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Kula | kulya /kulja/ | ukulya /ukulja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Kunywa | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | ukunwa /ukunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Kulala | koona /koːna/ | ukulaala /ukulaːla/ | kurara /kuˈrara/ | rara /ˈraɾa/ | kulaala /kulaːla/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | kulala /kulala/ |
| Moja | mwi /mwi/ | cimo /tʃimo/ | potsi /potsi/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ | umo /umo/ | chimoza /tʃimoza/ | imo /imo/ |
| Mbili | bili /bili/ | fibili /fibili/ | piri /piri/ | piri /piri/ | babiji /babidʒi/ | viŵiri /viβiɾi/ | ibili /iβili/ |
| Tatu | totatwe /totatwe/ | fitatu /fitatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | basatu /basatu/ | vitatu /vitatu/ | idatu /idatu/ |
| Nne | ne /ne/ | fine /fine/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | bana /bana/ | vinayi /vinaji/ | inne /inːe/ |
| Tano | musanu /musanu/ | fisano /fisano/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | batanu /batanu/ | vinkhonde /viŋkʰonde/ | itaano /itaːno/ |
| Mia | mwaanda /mwaːnda/ | umwanda /umwanda/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | kitota /kitota/ | zana /zana/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| Habari | mwabuka buti /mwabuka buti/ | muli shani /muli ʃani/ | mhoro /mʱoro/ | makadii /makadiː/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | monire /moniɾe/ | mwadita /mwadita/ |
| Asante | twalumba /twalumba/ | natotela /natotela/ | maita /maita/ | mazviita /mazviita/ | nasanta /nasanta/ | yewo /jewo/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ |
| Nzuri | kabotu /kabotu/ | cisuma /tʃisuma/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ | kunaka /kunaka/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | chiweme /tʃiweme/ | soga /soɡa/ |
| Mpya | pya /pja/ | cipya /tʃipja/ | itsva /itsva/ | itsva /itsva/ | kipya /kipja/ | chiphya /tʃipʰja/ | pya /pja/ |
| Nyekundu | subila /subila/ | kashika /kaʃika/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | chila /tʃila/ | swesi /swesi/ | laluku /laluku/ |
| Nyeupe | salala /salala/ | buuta /buːta/ | chena /tʃena/ | chena /tʃena/ | toka /toka/ | tuŵa /tuβa/ | pe /pe/ |
| Nyeusi | siya /sija/ | fiita /fiːta/ | tema /tema/ | tema /tema/ | fiita /fiːta/ | fipa /fipa/ | pi /pi/ |
| Kompyuta | kkompyuta /ˈkompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kombiyuta /kombijuta/ | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — |
| Chai | tii /tiː/ | tii /tiː/ | tii /tiː/ | — | — | tiyi /tiji/ | — |
| Kahawa | kkofi /ˈkofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | — |
| Sukari | syuga /sjuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | — | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | — |
| 99 | makumi aali fuka afuka /makumi aːli fuka afuka/ | amakumi pabula na pabula /amakumi pabula na pabula/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe/ | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | makhumi ghankhonde na ghanayi na vinkhonde na vinayi /makʰumi ɣaŋkʰonde na ɣanaji na viŋkʰonde na vinaji/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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