Cisena
Kisena
Familia ya Atlantiki-Kongo (tawi la Kibantu, Senga-Sena)
Sena (Cisena) ni lugha ya Kibantu ya Msumbiji ya kati na kusini mwa Malawi, iliyojikita kwenye Mto Zambezi wa chini karibu na Beira na Tete. Ina uhusiano wa karibu na Kinyanja/Chichewa (ny) na Tumbuka (tum) ndani ya kundi la Kibantu cha Mashariki N. Kitovu cha kihistoria cha utambulisho wa Sena ni bonde la chini la Zambezi, ambako ilikuwa lugha kuu ya biashara wakati wa mfumo wa kikoloni wa Kireno wa Prazo (karne ya 16 hadi 19). Inaendelezwa na machapisho ya kidayosisi kwa lugha ya Sena (ya Kikatoliki, tangu karne ya 19) na utangazaji hai wa redio nchini Msumbiji.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kisena
komputadhori
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Familia ya Atlantiki-Kongo (tawi la Kibantu, Senga-Sena)
| Maana | Kisena | Kichewa | Kitumbuka | Kimanyika | Kishona | Kindau | Kichasu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | madzi /madzi/ | madzi /madzi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvuɾa/ | mende /mende/ |
| Moto | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | muriro /muɾiɾo/ | mshika /mʃika/ |
| Jua | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | zuŵa /zuβa/ | zuva /zuva/ | zuva /zuva/ | zuva /zuva/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ |
| Mwezi | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ |
| Nyota | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ |
| Usiku | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| Mvua | mvura /mvura/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | vula /ˈvula/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvua /mvua/ |
| Theluji | neve /neve/ | chipale chofewa /tʃipale tʃofewa/ | chiwuvi /tʃiwuvi/ | — | sinoo /sinoː/ | chando /tʃando/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ |
| Upepo | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | mhepo /ˈmʱepo/ | mhepo /mʰepo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Udongo | mataka /mataka/ | dothi /ˈdotʰi/ | dongo /doŋɡo/ | ivhu /iβu/ | ivhu /iβu/ | ivhu /ivu/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ |
| Jiwe | mwala /mwala/ | mwala /ˈmwala/ | libwe /liˈɓwe/ | ibwe /iɓwe/ | ibwe /iˈɓwe/ | buwe /buwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ |
| Mlima | phiri /pʰiri/ | phiri /ˈpʰiɾi/ | phiri /pʰiɾi/ | gomo /ɡomo/ | gomo /ˈɡomo/ | mutunhu /mutunʰu/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ |
| Bahari | bara /bara/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ | ruandhle /ruandɮe/ | bahari /bahari/ |
| Mama | mai /mai/ | amayi /amaji/ | amama /amama/ | amai /amai/ | amai /amai/ | amai /amai/ | mama /mama/ |
| Baba | baba /baba/ | abambo /abambo/ | adada /adada/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Binti | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | mwana wamkazi /mwana wamkazi/ | mwana msungwana /mwana msuŋɡwana/ | mukunda /mukunda/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ |
| Mimi | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | mine /mine/ |
| Wewe | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ |
| Sisi | ife /ife/ | ife /ife/ | ise /ise/ | isu /isu/ | isu /isu/ | isusu /isusu/ | uswi /uswi/ |
| Jina | dzina /dzina/ | dzina /dzina/ | zina /zina/ | zita /zita/ | zita /zita/ | zina /zina/ | izina /izina/ |
| Mtu | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | munhu /muˈnʱu/ | munhu /munʰu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Kichwa | nsolo /nsolo/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutu /mutu/ | musoro /musoro/ | musoro /musoro/ | soro /soro/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Jicho | diso /diso/ | diso /diso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | ziso /ziso/ | ziso /ziso/ | dziso /dziso/ | iiso /iːso/ |
| Sikio | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | nzeve /nzeve/ | nzeve /nzeβe/ | nzee /nzee/ | isikio /isikio/ |
| Pua | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mphuno /mˈpʰuno/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mhino /mʱino/ | mhino /mʱino/ | miro /miro/ | fua /fua/ |
| Mdomo | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | kamwa /ˈkamʷa/ | mlomo /m̩lomo/ | muromo /muromo/ | muromo /muˈromo/ | muromo /muromo/ | momo /momo/ |
| Jino | dzino /dzino/ | dzino /dzino/ | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ | zino /zino/ | zino /zino/ | jino /dʒino/ |
| Ulimi | lirimi /lirimi/ | lilime /lilime/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ | rurumi /ɾuɾumi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Mkono | nkono /nkono/ | dzanja /dzandʒa/ | woko /woko/ | ruoko /ɾwoko/ | ruoko /rwoko/ | nyara /ɲara/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Mguu | mwendo /mwendo/ | phazi /ˈpʰazí/ | lundi /lundi/ | — | tsoka /tsoka/ | tsoka /tsoka/ | ivunda /ivunda/ |
| Moyo | ntima /ntima/ | mtima /mtima/ | mtima /m̩tima/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ |
| Mfupa | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | fupa /fupa/ | chiwangwa /tʃiwaŋɡwa/ | godo /ɡodo/ | pfupa /pfupa/ | godo /ɡodo/ | ivindi /ivindi/ |
| Damu | malopa /malopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | ndopa /ndopa/ | ropa /ropa/ | ropa /ropa/ | ngazi /ŋɡazi/ | sakame /sakame/ |
| Kinyesi | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | matuvi /matuvi/ | mavi /mavi/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | tsvina /tsvina/ | matuzvi /matuzvi/ | — |
| Upendo | kufuna /kufuna/ | chikondi /tʃikondi/ | kutemwa /kutemwa/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | rudo /rudo/ | rudo /ɾudo/ | lumba /lumba/ |
| Mti | muti /muti/ | mtengo /mteŋɡo/ | khuni /kʰuni/ | muti /muti/ | muti /muti/ | muti /muti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Mbwa | mbwa /mbwa/ | galu /ɡalu/ | ncheŵe /ntʃeβe/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Paka | paka /paka/ | mphaka /mpʰaka/ | chona /tʃona/ | katsi /katsi/ | katsi /katsi/ | kiti /kiti/ | paka /paka/ |
| Samaki | omba /omba/ | nsomba /nsomba/ | somba /somba/ | hove /hove/ | hove /hove/ | hove /hove/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Ndege | mbalame /mbalame/ | mbalame /mɓaˈlame/ | chiyuni /tʃijuni/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ |
| Kipepeo | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ | gulugufe /ɡuluˈɡufe/ | bulawura /bulawuɾa/ | — | shaveshave /ʃaveʃave/ | berepeswa /beɾepeswa/ | — |
| Yai | dzai /dzai/ | dzira /dzira/ | sumbi /sumbi/ | zai /zai/ | zai /zai/ | zanda /zanda/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Dubu | urusu /urusu/ | — | — | — | bheya /bʱeja/ | bheya /bʱeja/ | — |
| Farasi | kavalo /kavalo/ | hatchi /hatʃʰi/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | bhiza /biza/ | bhiza /biza/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | farasi /farasi/ |
| Nyumba | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | mhatso /mhatso/ | imba /imba/ | mhatso /mʰatso/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Maziwa | nkaka /nkaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mavee /maveː/ |
| Asali | uci /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | nzoke /nzoke/ |
| Chumvi | munyu /muɲu/ | mchere /mtʃere/ | mchere /m̩tʃere/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Mvinyo | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | waini /waini/ | waini /waini/ | vhini /vini/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Mchele | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | — |
| Chokoleti | xokolati /ʃokolati/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | — | chokoreti /tʃokoreti/ | — | — |
| Chuma | utale /utale/ | chitsulo /tʃiˈtsulo/ | chisulo /tʃiˈsulo/ | simbi /simbi/ | simbi /ˈsimbi/ | simbi /simbi/ | kighera /kiɣera/ |
| Gurudumu | roda /roda/ | gudumu /ɡudumu/ | khwiro /kʰwiro/ | vhiri /βiri/ | vhiri /viri/ | vhiri /viɾi/ | — |
| Hariri | seda /seda/ | silika /silika/ | siliki /siliki/ | siriki /siriki/ | sirika /sirika/ | sirika /siɾika/ | hariri /hariri/ |
| Kitabu | bukhu /bukʰu/ | buku /ˈbuku/ | buku /buku/ | bhuku /buku/ | bhuku /ˈɓuku/ | tsamba /tsamba/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Kula | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudʒa/ | kurya /kurja/ |
| Kunywa | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Kulala | kugona /kuɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | rara /ˈraɾa/ | kurara /kuˈrara/ | kuata /kuata/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ |
| Moja | posi /posi/ | chimodzi /tʃimodzi/ | chimoza /tʃimoza/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ | potsi /potsi/ | chimwe /tʃimwe/ | imwe /imwe/ |
| Mbili | piŵiri /piwiri/ | awiri /awiri/ | viŵiri /viβiɾi/ | piri /piri/ | piri /piri/ | piri /piɾi/ | avili /aβili/ |
| Tatu | pitatu /pitatu/ | zitatu /zitatu/ | vitatu /vitatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | adatu /adatu/ |
| Nne | pinai /pinai/ | zinayi /zinaji/ | vinayi /vinaji/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ | rongomuna /ɾoŋɡomuna/ | — |
| Tano | xanu /ʃanu/ | sanu /sanu/ | vinkhonde /viŋkʰonde/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | shanu /ʃanu/ | — |
| Mia | dzana /dzana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | ighana /iɣana/ |
| Habari | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | moni /moni/ | monire /moniɾe/ | makadii /makadiː/ | mhoro /mʱoro/ | mhoroi /mʰoɾoji/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ |
| Asante | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | zikomo /zikomo/ | yewo /jewo/ | mazviita /mazviita/ | maita /maita/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ |
| Nzuri | nadidi /nadidi/ | chabwino /tʃabwino/ | chiweme /tʃiweme/ | kunaka /kunaka/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ | kanaka /kanaka/ | mwamba /mwamba/ |
| Mpya | ipsa /ipsa/ | chatsopano /tʃatsopano/ | chiphya /tʃipʰja/ | itsva /itsva/ | itsva /itsva/ | tsva /tsva/ | shaa /ʃaː/ |
| Nyekundu | funga /funɡa/ | chofiira /tʃofiːra/ | swesi /swesi/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Nyeupe | cena /tʃena/ | yoyera /joˈjeɾa/ | tuŵa /tuβa/ | chena /tʃena/ | chena /tʃena/ | chena /tʃena/ | jewa /dʒewa/ |
| Nyeusi | psipa /psipa/ | chakuda /tʃakuda/ | fipa /fipa/ | tema /tema/ | tema /tema/ | svipa /svipa/ | jiru /dʒiru/ |
| Kompyuta | komputadhori | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | kombiyuta /kombijuta/ | komputadhori | — |
| Chai | xaya /ʃaja/ | tiyi /ˈtiji/ | tiyi /tiji/ | — | tii /tiː/ | — | — |
| Kahawa | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | — |
| Sukari | xuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | — | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sikiri /sikiɾi/ | — |
| Chungwa | laranja /larandʒa/ | lalanje /lalandʒe/ | olenji /olendʒi/ | — | ranjisi /randʒisi/ | — | — |
| 99 | makumapfemba na mapfemba /makumapfemba na mapfemba/ | makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi /makumi asanu ndi anaji mpʰambu zisanu ndi zinaji/ | makhumi ghankhonde na ghanayi na vinkhonde na vinayi /makʰumi ɣaŋkʰonde na ɣanaji na viŋkʰonde na vinaji/ | makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe namapfumbamwe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ |
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