Siksiká Iʼksistamiʼkssin
Blackfoot
Algonquian
Blackfoot (ISO 639-3: bla), known in the language as Siksikáí’powahsin or Niitsi’powahsin, is a Plains Algonquian language of the Blackfoot Confederacy. It is spoken among the Siksika, Kainai, and Piikani nations in southern Alberta, Canada, and the Blackfeet Nation in Montana, United States. The closely related regional varieties are Siksika, Kainai, Aapátohsipikani (Northern Piikani), and Aamsskáápipikani (Southern Piikani); language shift to English has left Blackfoot endangered, despite ongoing community revitalization and teaching. Blackfoot is polysynthetic, with complex verb morphology and relatively flexible word order, and a standardized Latin-based orthography adopted in Alberta in 1975 marks long sounds by doubling letters and includes a glottal-stop symbol.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Blackfoot
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Algonquian
| Meaning | Blackfoot | Cree | Plains Cree | Ojibwe | Munsee | Menominee | Kurukh |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aohkíí /aoxkíː/ | ᓂᐱᕀ /nipij/ | ᓂᐱᕀ /nipij/ | nibi /nibi/ | mpíi /mbiː/ | nepāew /nəpaːew/ | अम्म /amm/ |
| Fire | pakóyittsi /pakójitːsi/ | ᐃᐢᑯᑌᐤ /iskoteːw/ | ᐃᐢᑯᑌᐤ /iskoteːw/ | ishkode /iʃkode/ | lúhsuw /luhsuw/ | eskotēw /eskoteːw/ | चिच /tʃitʃ/ |
| Sun | naatóʼsi /naːtóʔsi/ | ᐲᓯᒼ /piːsim/ | ᐲᓯᒼ /piːsim/ | giizis /ɡiːzis/ | kíishux /kiːʃux/ | kēsoq /keːsoʔ/ | बेरी /beɾiː/ |
| Moon | koʼkomikiʼsomm /koʔkomikiʔsomː/ | ᑎᐱᐢᑳᐏ ᐲᓯᒼ /tipiskaːwi piːsim/ | ᑎᐱᐢᑳᐃᐧᐲᓯᒼ /tipiskaːwi piːsim/ | dibik-giizis /dibik ɡiːzis/ | nipáhum /nipahum/ | tepāhkēsoq /tepaːhkeːsoʔ/ | चांदो /tʃaːndoː/ |
| Star | kakatóʼsi /kakatóʔsi/ | ᐊᒑᐦᑯᐢ /atʃaːhkos/ | ᐊᒑᐦᑯᐢ /acaːhkos/ | anang /anaŋ/ | alaánkw /alaːŋkʷ/ | anaeq /anæʔ/ | बिनको /binkoː/ |
| Night | ikoʼko /ikoʔko/ | ᑎᐱᐢᐠ /tipisk/ | ᑎᐱᐢᐠ /tipisk/ | dibik /dibik/ | piskeew /piskeːw/ | tepāhkeh /tepaːhkeh/ | माखा /maːkʰaː/ |
| Rain | sootaa /soːtaː/ | ᑭᒥᐘᐣ /kimiwan/ | ᑭᒥᐘᐣ /kimiwan/ | gimiwan /ɡimiwan/ | — | — | चेप /tʃeːp/ |
| Snow | kóónssko /kóːnsːko/ | ᑰᓇ /koːna/ | ᑰᓇ /koːna/ | goon /ɡoːn/ | koon /koːn/ | kōn /koːn/ | कीबा /kiːbaː/ |
| Wind | sopo /sopo/ | ᔫᑎᐣ /joːtin/ | ᔫᑎᐣ /joːtin/ | noodin /noːdin/ | — | — | ताका /taːkaː/ |
| Earth | ksááhko /ksáːxko/ | ᐊᓯᐢᑭᕀ /asiskij/ | ᐊᓯᐢᑭᕀ /asiskij/ | aki /aki/ | — | ahkēw /ahkeːw/ | ख़ेख़ेल /xeːxel/ |
| Stone | óóhkotok /óːxkotok/ | ᐊᓯᓂᕀ /asinij/ | ᐊᓯᓂᕀ /asinij/ | asin /aˈsin/ | asun /əsən/ | aqsan /aʔsan/ | पख्ना /pakʰnaː/ |
| Mountain | miisták /miːsták/ | ᐘᒋᕀ /watʃij/ | ᐘᒋᕀ /wacij/ | wajiw /wadʒiw/ | — | wacēw /watʃeːw/ | पर्ते /paɾteː/ |
| Sea | moʼtóyáóhkii /moʔtójáóxkiː/ | ᑭᐦᒋᑲᒥᕀ /kihtʃikamij/ | ᑭᐦᒋᑲᒥᕀ /kihcikamij/ | gichigami /ɡitʃiɡami/ | — | kaeqcekam /kæʔtʃekam/ | दरियाउ /daɾijaːu/ |
| Mother | iksísst /iksísːt/ | ᓂᑲᐎᕀ /nikaːwij/ | ᓂᑳᐃᐧ /nikaːwij/ | nimaamaa /nimaːmaː/ | nkáhees /ŋkaheːs/ | nekīah /nekiːah/ | अयो /ajoː/ |
| Father | inn /inː/ | ᓄᐦᑖᐎᕀ /noːhtaːwij/ | ᓅᐦᑖᐃᐧ /noːhtaːwij/ | indede /indede/ | nóoxw /noːxw/ | nōhnāeh /noːhnaːeh/ | बाबा /baːbaː/ |
| Daughter | nitána /nitána/ | ᓂᑖᓂᐢ /nitaːnis/ | ᓂᑖᓂᐢ /nitaːnis/ | indaanis /indaːnis/ | — | — | तंग्दा /taŋdaː/ |
| I | niistó /niːstó/ | ᓂᔭ /nija/ | ᓂᔭ /nija/ | niin /niːn/ | nii /niː/ | nenah /nɛnah/ | एन /eːn/ |
| You | kiistó /kiːstó/ | ᑭᔭ /kija/ | ᑭᔭ /kija/ | giin /ɡiːn/ | kii /kiː/ | kenah /kɛnah/ | नीन /niːn/ |
| We | kiistónnoon / niistónnaan /kiːstónːoːn / niːstónːaːn/ | ᑭᔭᓈᓇᐤ / ᓂᔭᓈᐣ /kijaːnaw / nijanaːn/ | ᑭᔭᓈᓇᐤ / ᓂᔭᓈᐣ /kijaːnaw / nijanaːn/ | giinawind / niinawind /ɡiːnawind / niːnawind/ | kiilóona / niilóona /kiːloːna / niːloːna/ | kenaq / nenaq /kɛnaʔ / nɛnaʔ/ | नम / एम /nam / eːm/ |
| Name | inihkaʼsim /inixkaʔsim/ | ᐏᐦᐅᐎᐣ /wiːhowin/ | ᐑᐦᐅᐏᐣ /wiːhowin/ | izhinikaazowin /iʒinikaːzowin/ | wiinzuwaakan /wiːnzuwaːkan/ | -esian /ɛsian/ | नाम /naːm/ |
| Person | matápii /matápiː/ | ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐤ /ajisijiniw/ | ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐤ /ajisijiniw/ | anishinaabe /aniʃinaːbe/ | — | — | आल /aːl/ |
| Head | moʼtokáán /moʔtokáːn/ | ᒥᐢᑎᒁᐣ /mistikwaːn/ | ᒥᐢᑎᒁᐣ /mistikwaːn/ | oshtigwaan /oʃtiɡwaːn/ | — | — | कुक्क /kukː/ |
| Eye | moápssp /moápsːp/ | ᒥᐢᑮᓯᐠ /miskiːsik/ | ᒥᐢᑮᓯᐠ /miskiːsik/ | oshkiinzhig /oʃkiːnʒiɡ/ | wíikšiit /wiːkʃiːt/ | oskēsek /oskeːsek/ | ख़न्न /xanː/ |
| Ear | mohtóókis /mohtóːkis/ | ᒥᐦᑕᐘᑲᕀ /mihtawakaj/ | ᒥᐦᑕᐘᑲᕀ /mihtawakaj/ | otawag /otawaɡ/ | — | — | खेब्दा /kʰebdaː/ |
| Nose | mohksisís /moxksisís/ | ᒥᐢᑭᐘᐣ /miskiwan/ | ᒥᐢᑭᐘᐣ /miskiwan/ | ojaanzh /odʒaːnʒ/ | — | — | मुई /mui/ |
| Mouth | maoó /maoó/ | ᒥᑑᐣ /mitoːn/ | ᒥᑑᐣ /mitoːn/ | odoon /odoːn/ | — | — | बाई /bai/ |
| Tooth | mohpííkin /mohpíːkin/ | ᒦᐱᐟ /miːpit/ | ᒦᐱᐟ /miːpit/ | wiibid /wiːbid/ | nipit /nipit/ | wēpet /weːpet/ | पल्ल /palː/ |
| Tongue | matsiní /matsiní/ | ᒥᑌᔭᓂᕀ /miteːjanij/ | ᒥᑌᔭᓂᕀ /miteːjanij/ | denaniw /denaniw/ | wilanew /wilanew/ | tēnaniw /teːnaniw/ | तत्खा /tatkʰaː/ |
| Hand | moʼtsís /moʔtsís/ | ᒥᒋᐦᒋᕀ /mitʃihtʃij/ | ᒥᒋᒋᕀ /micicij/ | ninij /ninidʒ/ | mléelii /mleːliː/ | onehkeh /onehkeh/ | खेखा /xekːʰaː/ |
| Foot | mohkát /moxkát/ | ᒥᓯᐟ /misit/ | ᒥᓯᐟ /misit/ | nizid /nizid/ | nzíit /nziːt/ | osēt /oseːt/ | ख़ेड्ड /xeɖː/ |
| Heart | mósskitsipahp /mósːkitsipahp/ | ᒥᑌᐦ /miteːh/ | ᒥᑌᐦ /miteːh/ | odeʼ /odeʔ/ | ulehyii /ulehjiː/ | otēh /oteːh/ | ठांगरा /tʰaːŋɡɾaː/ |
| Bone | ohkin /oxkin/ | ᒥᐢᑲᐣ /miskan/ | ᒥᐢᑲᐣ /miskan/ | okan /okan/ | wakan /wakan/ | ohkan /ohkan/ | खोचोल /kʰotʃol/ |
| Blood | aaápan /aːápan/ | ᒥᐦᑯ /mihko/ | ᒥᐦᑯ /mihko/ | miskwi /miskwi/ | mokw /mokʷ/ | meskoh /mɛskoh/ | खेस /kʰes/ |
| Love | waakomimm /waːkomimː/ | ᓵᑭᐦᐃᐍᐏᐣ /saːkihiweːwin/ | ᓵᑭᐦᐃᐍᐃᐧᐣ /saːkihiweːwin/ | zaagiʼiwewin /zaːɡiʔiweːwin/ | ahóoluw /ahoːluw/ | kesāenemāew /kesaːenemaːew/ | मरटी /maɾʈiː/ |
| Tree | miistsís /miːstsís/ | ᒥᐢᑎᐠ /mistik/ | ᒥᐢᑎᐠ /mistik/ | mitig /mitiɡ/ | hìttuk /hitːuk/ | metekoh /metekoh/ | मन्ना /manːaː/ |
| Dog | imitáá /imitáː/ | ᐊᑎᒼ /atim/ | ᐊᑎᒼ /atim/ | animosh /animoʃ/ | mwáakaneew /mwaːkaneːw/ | anēm /aneːm/ | अल्ला /alːaː/ |
| Cat | poos /poːs/ | ᒥᓅᐢ /minoːs/ | ᒥᓅᐢ /minoːs/ | gaazhagens /ɡaːʒaɡens/ | póshiis /poʃiːs/ | — /—/ | बिल्ली /bilːiː/ |
| Fish | mamíí /mamíː/ | ᑭᓄᓭᐤ /kinoseːw/ | ᑭᓄᓭᐤ /kinoseːw/ | giigoonh /ɡiːɡõː/ | names /names/ | namēs /nameːs/ | इंजो /indʒo/ |
| Bird | piʼkssíí /piʔksːíː/ | ᐱᔦᓰᐢ /pijeːsiːs/ | ᐱᔦᓰᐢ /pijeːsiːs/ | bineshiinh /bineʃĩː/ | awehléeshoosh /awehleːʃoːʃ/ | — | ओरा /oɾaː/ |
| Butterfly | apánii /apániː/ | ᑲᒫᒪᐠ /kamaːmak/ | ᑲᒫᒪᑯᐢ /kamaːmakos/ | memengwaa /memeŋɡwaː/ | — | mīmīkwǣw /miːmiːkwæːw/ | पापला /paːplaː/ |
| Egg | owáá /owáː/ | ᐚᐎ /waːwi/ | ᐚᐏ /waːwi/ | waawan /waːwan/ | wáhwal /wahwal/ | — | बी /biː/ |
| Bear | kiááyo /kiáːjo/ | ᒪᐢᑿ /maskwa/ | ᒪᐢᑿ /maskwa/ | makwa /makwa/ | maxkw /maxkʷ/ | awǣhsaeh /awæːhsæh/ | — |
| Horse | ponokáómitaa /ponokáómitaː/ | ᒥᐢᑕᑎᒼ /mistatim/ | ᒥᐢᑕᑎᒼ /mistatim/ | bebezhigooganzhii /bebeʒiɡoːɡanʒiː/ | — | — | घोड़ो /ɡʱoɽoː/ |
| House | moyís /mojís/ | ᐚᐢᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ /waːskahikan/ | ᐚᐢᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ /waːskahikan/ | wiigiwaam /wiːɡiwaːm/ | wíikwam /wiːkwam/ | wīkewam /wiːkewam/ | एरपा /eɾpaː/ |
| Milk | onnikis /onːikis/ | ᑐᐦᑑᓵᐳᕀ /tohtoːsaːpoj/ | ᑐᐦᑑᓵᐳᕀ /tohtoːsaːpoj/ | doodooshaaboo /doːdoːʃaːboː/ | — | — | दूधी /duːdʱiː/ |
| Honey | naamóíʼstaan /naːmóíʔstaːn/ | ᐋᒨᓰᐦᒋᑲᐣ /aːmoːsiːhtʃikan/ | ᐋᒧᐤ ᒣᔨ /aːmow meːji/ | aamoo-ziinzibaakwad /aːmoː ziːnzibaːkwad/ | — | — | तिनी रसी /tiniː ɾasiː/ |
| Salt | isttsiksipoko /istːsiksipoko/ | ᓰᐑᐦᑖᑲᐣ /siːwiːhtaːkan/ | ᓰᐑᐦᑖᑲᐣ /siːwiːhtaːkan/ | zhiiwitaagan /ʒiːwitaːɡan/ | shíiwang /ʃiːwaŋ/ | sēwehtākan /seːwehtaːkan/ | बेक /beːk/ |
| Wine | mííniaohkii /míːniaoxkiː/ | ᓲᒥᓈᐳᕀ /soːminaːpoj/ | ᓲᒥᓈᐳᕀ /soːminaːpoj/ | mazhoominaaboo /maʒoːminaːboː/ | — | — | अंगुर रासी /aŋɡuɾ raːsiː/ |
| Rice | áísskssíinainikimm /áísːksːíinainikimː/ | ᐚᐸᔫᒥᐣ /waːpajoːmin/ | ᐚᐸᔫᒥᐣ /waːpajoːmin/ | waabi-manoomin /waːbi manoːmin/ | — | manōmaeh /manoːmæh/ | तिखिल /tikʰil/ |
| Chocolate | áópakíítsskiiʼp /áópakíːtsːkiːʔp/ | ᒪᐢᑭᐦᑮᐢ /maskihkiːs/ | ᒪᐢᑭᐦᑮᐢ /maskihkiːs/ | — | — | — | — |
| Wheel | oʼtakáínakaʼsi /oʔtakáːínakaʔsi/ | ᐅᑎᐦᑎᐱᐸᔨᐤ /otihtipipajiw/ | ᑎᐦᑎᐱᐸᔩᐢ /tihtipipajiːs/ | detibised /detibised/ | — | — | चाका /tʃaːkaː/ |
| Book | sináákiaʼtsis /sináːkiaʔtsis/ | ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐃᑲᐣ /masinahikan/ | ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐃᑲᐣ /masinahikan/ | mazinaʼigan /mazinaʔiɡan/ | — | masēnahekan /maseːnahekan/ | किताब /kitaːb/ |
| Eat | ooyi /oːji/ | ᒦᒋᓱᐤ /miːtʃisow/ | ᒨᐍᐤ /moːweːw/ | wiisini /wiːsini/ | mit /mit/ | mīcew /miːtʃew/ | ओनना /onːaː/ |
| Drink | simi /simi/ | ᒥᓂᐦᐠᐌᐤ /minihkweːw/ | ᒥᓂᐦᑴᐤ /minihkweːw/ | minikwe /minikwe/ | mneew /mneew/ | menew /menew/ | ओंकना /oŋkːnaː/ |
| Sleep | yoʼkaa /joʔkaː/ | ᓂᐹᐤ /nipaːw/ | ᓂᐹᐤ /nipaːw/ | nibaa /nibaː/ | — | nepāw /nepaːw/ | खंद्रना /kʰandɾnaː/ |
| One | niʼtókskaa /niʔtókskaː/ | ᐯᔭᐠ /peːjak/ | ᐯᔭᐠ /peːjak/ | bezhig /beʒiɡ/ | ngwútii /ŋɡwutiː/ | nekot /nekot/ | ओंटा /oːnʈaː/ |
| Two | náátoʼk /náːtoʔk/ | ᓃᓱ /niːso/ | ᓃᓱ /niːso/ | niizh /niːʒ/ | niisha /niːʃa/ | nīs /niːs/ | एण्ड /eːɳɖ/ |
| Three | nioókska /nioókska/ | ᓂᐢᑐ /nisto/ | ᓂᐢᑐ /nisto/ | niswi /niswi/ | nxáh /nxaːh/ | nɛʔniw /nɛʔniw/ | मूंद /muːnd/ |
| Four | niisó /niːsó/ | ᓀᐓ /neːwo/ | ᓀᐓ /neːwo/ | niiwin /niːwin/ | néewa /neːwa/ | nīw /niːw/ | नाख /naːx/ |
| Five | nisitó /nisitó/ | ᓂᔮᓇᐣ /nijaːnan/ | ᓂᔮᓇᐣ /niːjaːnan/ | naanan /naːnan/ | náalan /naːlan/ | nyānan /njaːnan/ | पंचे /pãtʃeː/ |
| Hundred | kiipíppo /kiːpípːo/ | ᒥᑖᑕᐦᑐᒥᑕᓇᐤ /mitaːtahtomitanaw/ | ᒥᑖᑕᐦᑐᒥᑕᓇᐤ /mitaːtahtomitanaw/ | ingodwaak /inɡodwaːk/ | nkwətaːpóxkə /nkwətaːpoxkə/ | — | सौ /sau/ |
| Hello | óki /óki/ | ᑖᓂᓯ /taːnisi/ | ᑖᓂᓯ /taːnisi/ | boozhoo /boːʒoː/ | hé /heː/ | posoh /posoh/ | खद्दी /kʰadːiː/ |
| Thank you | — /—/ | ᑭᓇᓈᐢᑯᒥᑎᐣ /kinanaːskomitin/ | ᐦᐊᕀ ᐦᐊᕀ /haj haj/ | miigwech /miːɡʷetʃ/ | wanìshi /waniʃi/ | wāēwāēnen /waːeːwaːeːnen/ | धोन्नोबाद /dʱonːobaːd/ |
| Good | sokaʼpii /sokaʔpiː/ | ᒥᔫ /mijoː/ | ᒥᔼᓯᐣ /mijwaːsin/ | mino /mino/ | weltóok /weltoːk/ | menwāewen /menwaːewen/ | होय /hoːj/ |
| New | maanii /maːniː/ | ᐅᐢᑳᔨ /oskaːji/ | ᐅᐢᑳᔨ /oskaːji/ | oshki /oʃki/ | — | — | पुना /punaː/ |
| Red | máóhk /máóxk/ | ᒥᐦᒁᐤ /mihkwaːw/ | ᒥᐦᒁᐤ /mihkwaːw/ | miskwaa /miskwaː/ | maxkeew /maxkeːw/ | mɛhkon /mɛhkon/ | खेसो /kʰesoː/ |
| White | ksikk /ksikː/ | ᐚᐱᐢᑳᐤ /waːpiskaːw/ | ᐚᐱᐢᑳᐤ /waːpiskaːw/ | waabishkaa /waːbiʃkaː/ | waapeew /waːpeːw/ | — | पंड्रू /paɳɖɾuː/ |
| Black | sik /sik/ | ᑲᐢᑭᑌᐚᐤ /kaskiteːwaːw/ | ᑲᐢᑭᑌᐚᐤ /kaskiteːwaːw/ | makadewaa /makadewaː/ | — | — | मोखरो /mokʰaɾoː/ |
| Blue | ótssko /ótsːko/ | ᓰᐱᐦᒁᐤ /siːpihkwaːw/ | ᓰᐱᐦᒁᐤ /siːpihkwaːw/ | ozhaawashkwaa /oʒaːwaʃkwaː/ | — | — | — |
| Coffee | niitáʼpaisiksikimi /niːtáʔpaisiksikimi/ | ᐱᐦᑲᐦᑌᐚᐳᕀ /pihkahteːwaːpoj/ | ᐱᐦᑲᐦᑌᐚᐳᕀ /pihkahteːwaːpoj/ | makade-mashkikiwaaboo /makade maʃkikiwaːboː/ | — | — | — |
| Sugar | náápiiniiwan /náːpiːniːwan/ | ᓰᐏᓂᑲᐣ /siːwinikan/ | ᓰᐏᓂᑲᐣ /siːwinikan/ | ziinzibaakwad /ziːnzibaːkwad/ | — | — | चीनी /tʃiːniː/ |
| Orange | áótahkóínaamm /áótaxkóínaːmː/ | ᐅᓵᐚᐢ /osaːwaːs/ | ᐅᓵᐚᐢ /osaːwaːs/ | wezaawiminagizid /wezaːwiminaɡizid/ | — | — | — |
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