Language

Orange in 561 languages

561 languages

Orange — the sweet citrus fruit, and a map of four different answers to the same question. The fruit reached Europe twice. The bitter orange came overland along Persian and Arab trade in the Middle Ages, carrying Sanskrit नारङ्ग with it: نارنج → Spanish naranja, Italian arancia, French and English orange. The sweet orange came by sea in the 16th century in Portuguese ships, and half the eastern Mediterranean simply named it after the traders — Greek πορτοκάλι, Turkish portakal, Arabic برتقال, Amharic ብርቱካን, Georgian ფორთოხალი, Persian پرتقال. Northern Europe took a third answer from Dutch merchants, who called it the "apple from China": sinaasappel, Apfelsine, апельсин, appelsiini. And a good part of the world just kept its own word.

See Orange on the map

Major languages

English

orange

/ˈɒɹɪndʒ/

7 readings of the same spelling

/ˈɒɹɪndʒ/

English Irish English Cockney Brummie Estuary English Geordie Mancunian English Scouse South African English West Country English

/ˈɔːɾɪndʒ/

Indian English

/ˈɔːɹɪndʒ/

Southern American English Appalachian English

/ˈɔɹɪndʒ/

African American English Australian English New Zealand English Canadian English American English Jamaican English Kenyan English Nigerian English Philippine English

/ˈɒrɪndʒ/

Yorkshire English

/ˈɔrɪndʒ/

Scottish English Singapore English

/ˈɒɾɪndʒ/

Welsh English

Chinese

橙

/ʈʂʰɤŋ˧˥/

4 different spellings

橙

/ʈʂʰɤŋ˧˥/

Mandarin Chinese

/tsʰən˨˩/

Sichuan Mandarin Chengdu Mandarin Chongqing Mandarin

/tsʰaːŋ˩˧/

Cantonese Taishanese

/zaŋ˨˧/

Shanghai Wu Ningbo Wu

/tʂʰɤŋ˧˥/

Jianghuai Mandarin Northeastern Mandarin

/tsʰəŋ˩/

/tsʰaŋ˧˧/

/tʂʰɤŋ˦˥/

/tsʰən˨˩˧/

/tʂʰəŋ˦˨/

/zã˨˨˧/

/tʂʰɤŋ˥˧/

/zaŋ˧˩/

/tɕʰian˦˦/

/tsʰaːŋ˨˩/

/tʃʰɛŋ˧˩/

/tsʰaŋ˨˦/

/dzəŋ˨˩˧/

/tʂʰɤŋ˥˥/

/zã˧˩/

/tʂʰɤŋ˦˨/

Jinan Mandarin Kaifeng Mandarin

/dʑiŋ˧˩˧/

/tsʰən˩˩/

/tʂʰə̃ĩ˧˩/

/tsʰʌŋ˦˦/

/tʂʰɤŋ˨˦/

Nanjing Mandarin Xi'an Mandarin

/tʃʰaŋ˧˥/

/tsʰiam˨˦/

/tsʰɔ̃˩˩/

/tsʰaŋ˥˩/

柑仔

/kam˦˦ ma˥˧/

Taiwanese Xiamen Hokkien Zhangzhou Hokkien

/kam˦ e˧˩/

/kam˥˥ ma˥˧/

/kam˧˧ ma˥˥˦/

/ka˨˧ kia˨˩˧/

/kam˨˦ e˧˩/

/kam˥˧ ɤ˥˥/

/kam˧˧ a˦˦˥/

чынзы

/tʂʰəŋ˨˦tsɹ̩/

Dungan

柳丁

/ljoʊ̯˧˩˧ tiŋ˥/

Taiwan Mandarin

Hindi

संतरा

/sənˈtɾaː/

Modern Standard Arabic

برتقال

/burtuqaːl/

3 different spellings

برتقال

/burtuqaːl/

Modern Standard Arabic

/burtuˈɡaːl/

Iraqi Arabic Gulf Arabic Najdi Arabic

/burtɡaːl/

Tunisian Arabic

/burtuˈqaːl/

Yemeni Arabic

برتقان

/burtuˈʔaːn/

Egyptian Arabic Levantine Arabic

/burtuˈɡaːn/

Sudanese Arabic

/birtˈʔaːn/

Lebanese Arabic Syrian Arabic

لتشين

/litʃiːn/

Moroccan Arabic

French

orange

/ɔʁɑ̃ʒ/

3 readings of the same spelling

/ɔʁɑ̃ʒ/

French African French Haitian French Ivorian French Senegalese French

/ɔʁãːʒ/

Québec French

/ɔʁɑ̃ːʒ/

Belgian French Swiss French

Bengali

কমলা

/komla/

Urdu

سنگترہ

/səŋɡˈtəɾa/

Portuguese

laranja

/laˈɾɐ̃ʒɐ/

3 readings of the same spelling

/laˈɾɐ̃ʒɐ/

Brazilian Portuguese

/lɐˈɾɐ̃ʒɐ/

Portuguese Cape Verdean Portuguese Mozambican Portuguese

/laˈɾɐ̃ʒa/

Angolan Portuguese

Spanish

naranja

/naˈɾaŋxa/

2 different spellings

naranja

/naˈɾaŋxa/

Mexican Spanish Colombian Spanish Spanish Argentine Spanish Peruvian Spanish Ecuadorian Spanish Uruguayan Spanish

/naˈɾaŋha/

Chilean Spanish Cuban Spanish Andalusian Spanish Dominican Spanish Guatemalan Spanish Venezuelan Spanish

china

/ˈtʃina/

Puerto Rican Spanish

German

Orange

/oˈʁãːʒə/

3 readings of the same spelling

/oˈʁãːʒə/

German

/oˈraːnʒə/

Austrian German

/oˈraŋʒə/

Swiss Standard German

Japanese

オレンジ

/oɾendʑi/

said the same in 8 places

/oɾendʑi/

Japanese Osaka Japanese Hiroshima Japanese Hakata Japanese Sendai Japanese Kagoshima Japanese Kyoto Japanese Aomori Japanese

Vietnamese

cam

/kaːm˧/

2 readings of the same spelling

/kaːm˧/

Vietnamese Southern Vietnamese

/kaːm˥/

Central Vietnamese

Korean

오렌지

/oɾendʑi/

said the same in 6 places

/oɾendʑi/

Korean North Korean Busan Korean Jeolla Korean Hamgyong Korean Yanbian Korean

Tamil

ஆரஞ்சு

/aːɾaɲtʃu/

Mongolian

ᠵᠦᠷᠵᠢ

/dʒʉrdʒ/

2 different spellings

ᠵᠦᠷᠵᠢ

/dʒʉrdʒ/

Inner Mongolian

жүрж

/dʒyrdʒ/

Mongolian

Kadazan-Dusun

limau

/limau/

said the same in 2 places

/limau/

Kadazan-Dusun Coastal Kadazan

Thai

ส้ม

/som˥˩/

said the same in 3 places

/som˥˩/

Thai Northern Thai Southern Thai

Dutch

sinaasappel

/ˈsinɑsɑpəl/

said the same in 2 places

/ˈsinɑsɑpəl/

Dutch Belgian Dutch

Catalan

taronja

/təˈɾɔɲʒə/

2 readings of the same spelling

/təˈɾɔɲʒə/

Catalan

/taˈɾɔɲdʒa/

Valencian

Norman

orange

/ɔʁɑ̃ʒ/

said the same in 2 places

/ɔʁɑ̃ʒ/

Norman Guernésiais

Ancient & historical (10)

Sanskrit

15cBCE–21cCE

नारङ्गः

/naːraŋɡaɦ/

Classical Persian

10–18c

نارنج

/naːrandʒ/

Dante-era Italian

13–14c

arancia

/aˈrantʃa/

Chữ Nôm Vietnamese

13–20c

柑

/kaːm˧/

Golden Age Spanish

15–17c

naranja

/naˈɾaŋxa/

Ottoman Turkish

15–20c

پرتقال

/poɾtaˈkal/

Early Modern English

16–17c

orange

/ˈɒrɪndʒ/

Classical French

17–18c

orange

/ɔʁɑ̃ʒ/

Katharevousa Greek

19–20c

πορτοκάλι

/portoˈkali/

Modern Spoken Sanskrit

20–21c

नारङ्गम्

/naːraŋɡam/

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Major languages

English

Chinese

Modern Standard Arabic

French

Portuguese

Spanish

German

Japanese

Vietnamese

Korean

East Asia (17)

Mongolian

Southeast Asia (29)

Kadazan-Dusun

Thai

South Asia (22)

Middle East & Central Asia (39)

Europe (112)