Jaqaru aru
Jaqaru
Aymaran
Jaqaru (Jaqi aru, "people's language") is one of the two living languages of the Aymaran family (the other being Aymara, ay), with which it shares ~30% of vocabulary and many grammatical features (ejective stops, suffix-heavy agglutination, evidentiality marking). Spoken almost exclusively in the small mountain district of Tupe in the Yauyos Province of Lima Region, Peru, with a tiny remnant in nearby Cachuy. Severely endangered: most younger speakers have shifted to Spanish; UNESCO classifies as definitely endangered. The Jaqaru-Aymara split is estimated at ~1,500-2,000 years deep, making them roughly as different as Romance languages.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Jaqaru
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Aymaran
| Meaning | Jaqaru | Aymara | Classical Quechua | Ayacucho Quechua | Cusco Quechua | Quechua | Pintupi-Luritja |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Fire | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | waru /waɻu/ |
| Sun | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | tjintu /cintu/ |
| Moon | paxshi /paχʃi/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | pira /piɻa/ |
| Star | waraxa /waɾaχa/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | quyllur /qojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ |
| Night | aruma /aruma/ | aruma /aruma/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | munga /muŋa/ |
| Rain | jallu /haʎu/ | jallu /ˈxaʎu/ | para /para/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | para /ˈpara/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | — |
| Snow | khunu /kʰunu/ | khunu /kʰunu/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | rasu /ɾasu/ | ritʼi /ritʼi/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | — |
| Wind | wawya /wawja/ | thaya /ˈtʰaja/ | wayra /ˈwajra/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | walpa /walpa/ |
| Stone | qala /qala/ | qala /ˈqala/ | rumi /rumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | puḻi /puɭi/ |
| Mountain | qaaqa /qaːqa/ | qullu /quʎu/ | urqu /orqo/ | urqu /uɾqu/ | urqu /urqu/ | urqu /ˈuɾqu/ | puḻi katu /puɭi katu/ |
| Mother | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ |
| Father | awki /awki/ | tata /tata/ | yaya /jaja/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | mama /mama/ |
| I | na /na/ | naya /naja/ | ñuqa /ɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ |
| You | juma /huma/ | juma /xuma/ | qam /qam/ | qam /qam/ | qan /qan/ | qam /qam/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| We | jiwsa /hiwsa/ | jiwasa / nanaka /xiwasa / nanaka/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲoqantʃik / ɲoqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | ñuqanchis / ñuqayku /ɲoˈqantʃis / ɲoˈqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ |
| Name | shutyi /ʃuci/ | suti /suti/ | suti /suti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | yini /jini/ |
| Person | jaqi /haqi/ | jaqi /xaqi/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ɾuna/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ˈɾuna/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ |
| Head | nampʼa /nampʼa/ | pʼiqi /pʼiqi/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /uma/ | uma /ˈuma/ | kata /kata/ |
| Eye | nayra /najɾa/ | nayra /najɾa/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | kuru /kuɻu/ |
| Ear | jinchu /hintʃu/ | jinchu /xintʃu/ | rinri /ɾinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | rinri /rinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | pina /pina/ |
| Nose | nasa /nasa/ | nasa /ˈnasa/ | sinqa /siŋqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | sinqa /ˈsɛnqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | mulya /muʎa/ |
| Tooth | shimi /ʃimi/ | lakʼa /lakʼa/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | katiti /katiti/ |
| Tongue | naxra /naχra/ | laxra /laχra/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ |
| Hand | ampara /ampaɾa/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | mara /maɻa/ |
| Foot | kayu /kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | tjina /cina/ |
| Heart | kurasunha /kuɾasunha/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | kututu /kututu/ |
| Bone | tsʼaaka /tsʼaːka/ | chʼakha /tʃʼakʰa/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tarrka /taɾka/ |
| Blood | wila /wila/ | wila /wila/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | milkali /milkali/ |
| Love | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | munay /munaj/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ |
| Tree | arbuli /aɾbuli/ | quqa /quqa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | punu /punu/ |
| Dog | hallqʼu /haʎqʼu/ | anu /anu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | papa /papa/ |
| Cat | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | misi /misi/ | michi /mitʃi/ | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Fish | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | piitji /piːʈi/ |
| Bird | chʼipi /tʃʼipi/ | jamachʼi /xamatʃʼi/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ |
| Egg | nuru /nuɾu/ | kʼawna /kʼawna/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | runtu /runtu/ | runtu /ˈɾuntu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ |
| House | uta /uta/ | uta /uta/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ |
| Salt | katyi /kaci/ | jayu /ˈxaju/ | kachi /katʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | paṉṯu /paɳʈu/ |
| Eat | paluña /paluɲa/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ |
| Drink | umaña /umaɲa/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | tjikini /cikini/ |
| Sleep | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | puñuy /puɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ |
| One | maya /maja/ | maya /maja/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | kutju /kucu/ |
| Two | paxa /paχa/ | paya /paja/ | iskay /iskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ |
| Three | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | kinsa /kinsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ |
| Four | pushi /puʃi/ | pusi /pusi/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | puupala /puːpala/ |
| Five | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | phisqa /ˈpʰisqa/ | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | payipala /pajipala/ |
| Hundred | pachak /patʃak/ | pataka /pataka/ | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /patʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | yantaṯa /jantaʈa/ |
| Hello | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Thank you | yuspaa /juspaː/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| Good | shuma /ʃuma/ | suma /suma/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | palya /paʎa/ |
| New | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | musuq /mosoq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /ˈmusuq/ | kuwarritja /kuwaɾica/ |
| Red | chukapa /tʃukapa/ | wila /wila/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | yulpa /julpa/ |
| White | janqʼu /hanqʼu/ | janqʼu /ˈxaɴqʼu/ | yuraq /juraq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ |
| Black | tsʼirara /tsʼiɾaɾa/ | chʼiyara /tʃʼijara/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | maru /maɻu/ |
Page 1/7
Open the interactive map: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.
Made by Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap home