Shingazidja
Comorian
Niger-Congo (Bantu, Sabaki)
Ngazidja Comorian, locally called Shingazidja (ISO 639-3: zdj), is a Sabaki Bantu language spoken on Grande Comore, the largest island of the Union of the Comoros. It is one of four closely related Comorian varieties, alongside Shimwali, Shindzuani, and Shimaore, but linguistic research treats it as distinct from Swahili and comparatively divergent within the Comorian group. Shingazidja is the principal vernacular of Grande Comore and is included within Shikomori, which has official status in the Union alongside French and Arabic. It has the noun-class and agreement morphology typical of Bantu languages and is written in both Latin and Arabic-based orthographies, although spelling practices are not fully standardized.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Comorian
Sources
- Libralesso, Shingazidja vocabulary and lessons, shingazidja.free.fr (vocabulaire by theme; _cours/nombres); en.wiktionary Shingazidja lemmas citing ORELC (Observatoire des Relations Langue-Culture) lexicon (madji, dzinyo); spelling of ɓ/ɗ follows the Wiktionary/ORELC orthography (shiɓa, ɗiwara)
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Niger-Congo (Bantu, Sabaki)
| Meaning | Comorian | Maore Comorian | Swahili | Shambala | Asu | Sena | Nyamwezi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | madji /madʒi/ | maji /maʒi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mazi /mazi/ | mende /mende/ | madzi /madzi/ | minzi /minzi/ |
| Fire | mro /mro/ | moro /moro/ | moto /ˈmoto/ | moto /moto/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sun | jua /dʒua/ | jua /dʒua/ | jua /dʒua/ | zuwa /zuwa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ |
| Moon | mwezi /ᵐwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /ˈmwezi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ |
| Star | nyora /ɲora/ | nyora /ɲora/ | nyota /ˈɲota/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nsonda /nsonda/ |
| Night | masihu /masihu/ | uku /uku/ | usiku /usiku/ | kilo /kilo/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | buziku /buziku/ |
| Rain | nvua /ⁿvua/ | vua /vua/ | mvua /ˈmvua/ | fula /fula/ | mvua /mvua/ | mvura /mvura/ | mvula /mvula/ |
| Wind | upepo /uˈpepo/ | pev̄o /peβo/ | upepo /uˈpepo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ |
| Mountain | mlima /mlima/ | mulima /mulima/ | mlima /ˈmlima/ | muima /muima/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | phiri /pʰiri/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ |
| Sea | bahari /bahari/ | ɓahari /ɓahari/ | bahari /baˈhari/ | bahali /bahali/ | bahari /bahari/ | bara /bara/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ |
| Mother | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mai /mai/ | mayu /maju/ |
| Father | baba /ɓaba/ | ɓaɓa /ɓaɓa/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Daughter | mwana-mshe /mwana mʃe/ | mwana mutrumushe /mwana mutrumuʃe/ | binti /binti/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ |
| I | wami /wami/ | wami /wami/ | mimi /ˈmimi/ | niye /nije/ | mine /mine/ | ine /ine/ | nene /ˈnene/ |
| You | wawe /wawe/ | wawe /wawe/ | wewe /ˈwewe/ | weye /weje/ | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ |
| We | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | sisi /ˈsisi/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ | uswi /uswi/ | ife /ife/ | iswe /iswe/ |
| Name | dzina /dzina/ | dzina /dzina/ | jina /ˈdʒina/ | zina /zina/ | izina /izina/ | dzina /dzina/ | lina /ˈlina/ |
| Person | mndru /mndʳu/ | mutru /mutɾu/ | mtu /ˈmtu/ | mntu /mntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| Head | hitswa /hitswa/ | shitswa /ʃitswa/ | kichwa /ˈkitʃwa/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | nsolo /nsolo/ | mtwe /mtwe/ |
| Eye | dzitso /dzitso/ | dzitso /dzitso/ | jicho /dʒitʃo/ | zisho /ziʃo/ | iiso /iːso/ | diso /diso/ | liso /liso/ |
| Ear | shishio /ʃiʃo/ | kio /kio/ | sikio /sikio/ | shikio /ʃikio/ | isikio /isikio/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | itwi /itwi/ |
| Mouth | hanywa /haɲwa/ | hanyo /haɲo/ | mdomo /mˈɗomo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | momo /momo/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | mulomo /mulomo/ |
| Tooth | dzinyo /dziɲo/ | dzino /dzino/ | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ | jino /dʒino/ | dzino /dzino/ | lino /lino/ |
| Tongue | ulime /ulime/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lirimi /lirimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Hand | mhono /mhono/ | muhono /muhono/ | mkono /mˈkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | nkono /nkono/ | kukono /kukono/ |
| Foot | mndu /ᵐndu/ | mundru /mundɾu/ | mguu /m̩ˈɠuː/ | mulundi /mulundi/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | mwendo /mwendo/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ |
| Heart | moyo /mojo/ | moyo /mojo/ | moyo /mojo/ | moyo /mojo/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | ntima /ntima/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Bone | shiɓa /ʃiɓa/ | shiɓa /ʃiɓa/ | mfupa /mfupa/ | vuha /vuha/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | iguha /iɡuha/ |
| Blood | damu /damu/ | damu /damu/ | damu /damu/ | phome /pʰome/ | sakame /sakame/ | malopa /malopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ |
| Poop | madzi /madzi/ | — | Kinyesi /kiˈɲesi/ | mavi /mavi/ | — | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | maafi /maːfi/ |
| Love | upendo /uːpendo/ | mahaba /mahaba/ | upendo /uˈpendo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | lumba /lumba/ | kufuna /kufuna/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Tree | mri /ᵐri/ | mri /mri/ | mti /ˈmti/ | mti /mti/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Dog | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Cat | paha /paha/ | paka /paka/ | paka /ˈpaka/ | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ |
| Fish | nfi /ⁿfi/ | fi /fi/ | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | omba /omba/ | somba /soːmba/ |
| Bird | nuni /nuni/ | nyunyi /ɲuɲi/ | ndege /ndeɡe/ | deghe /deɣe/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | mbalame /mbalame/ | noni /noni/ |
| Egg | djwai /dʒwai/ | jwai /dʒwai/ | yai /ˈjai/ | tagi /taɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | dzai /dzai/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Horse | farasi /farasi/ | farasi /farasi/ | farasi /faˈrasi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ | farasi /farasi/ | kavalo /kavalo/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| House | nyumba /ɲũba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ |
| Milk | dziwa /dziwa/ | dziya /dzija/ | maziwa /maˈziwa/ | mele /mele/ | mavee /maveː/ | nkaka /nkaka/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ |
| Honey | ndjizi ya nyoshi /ndʒizi ja ɲoʃi/ | ngizi /ŋizi/ | asali /aˈsali/ | woki /woki/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | uci /utʃi/ | buuki /buːki/ |
| Salt | shingo /ʃiŋɡo/ | shingo /ʃiŋɡo/ | chumvi /tʃumvi/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ |
| Rice | maele /maele/ | — | mchele /mˈtʃele/ | muhunga /muhuŋɡa/ | — | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | — |
| Iron | shuma /ʃuma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | chuma /tʃuma/ | kiama /kiama/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | utale /utale/ | kisinza /kisinza/ |
| Wheel | ɗiwara /ɗiwara/ | — | gurudumu /ɡuruˈdumu/ | — | — | roda /roda/ | — |
| Book | shio /ʃio/ | shio /ʃio/ | kitabu /kiˈtabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Eat | hula /hula/ | ula /ula/ | kula /ˈkula/ | kuya /kuja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Drink | hunwa /hunwa/ | unwa /unwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Sleep | kulala /kulala/ | ulala /ulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | kulala /kulala/ |
| One | montsi /montsi/ | moja /moʒa/ | moja /modʒa/ | imo /imo/ | imwe /imwe/ | posi /posi/ | imo /imo/ |
| Two | mbili /ᵐbili/ | mbili /ᵐbili/ | mbili /mˈbili/ | mbili /mbili/ | avili /aβili/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ | ibili /iβili/ |
| Three | ntraru /ᶯʈaru/ | traru /tɾaɾu/ | tatu /tatu/ | katatu /katatu/ | adatu /adatu/ | pitatu /pitatu/ | idatu /idatu/ |
| Four | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | kane /kaːne/ | — | pinai /pinai/ | inne /inːe/ |
| Five | ntsanu /ⁿtsanu/ | tsano /tsano/ | tano /ˈtano/ | kashano /kaʃano/ | — | xanu /ʃanu/ | itaano /itaːno/ |
| Hundred | djana /dʒana/ | mia /mia/ | mia /ˈmia/ | gana /ɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | dzana /dzana/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| Hello | Jeje / Bariza /dʒedʒe / baːriza/ | Jeje /dʒedʒe/ | habari /haˈbari/ | — /—/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | mwadita /mwadita/ |
| Thank you | Marahaba /marahaːba/ | marahaba /marahaːba/ | asante /aˈsante/ | asante /asante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ |
| Good | ndjema /ⁿdʒema/ | nzuri /ⁿzuri/ | nzuri /ˈnzuri/ | mtana /mtana/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | nadidi /nadidi/ | soga /soɡa/ |
| Red | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | funga /funɡa/ | laluku /laluku/ |
| Tea | tshai /tʃai/ | — | chai /tʃai/ | — | — | xaya /ʃaja/ | — |
| Coffee | kafe /kafe/ | — | kahawa /kaˈhawa/ | — | — | kafe /kafe/ | — |
| Sugar | sukari /sukari/ | — | sukari /suˈkari/ | — | — | xuka /ʃuka/ | — |
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