Qʼeqchiʼ
Qʼeqchi
Kimaya (Quichean)
Q'eqchi' ni lugha ya pili kwa ukubwa miongoni mwa lugha za Kimaya, inayozungumzwa hasa katika sehemu za kati na kaskazini mwa Guatemala. Inatofautiana na K'iche' kwa mizizi yake ya kina zaidi ya kabla ya Columbus katika Belize/Petén na kwa utamaduni imara wa mashirika ya kidini ya cofradía.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Qʼeqchi
chokolaat
Vyanzo
- Wichmann, Søren & Kerry Hull. 2009. Q'eqchi' vocabulary. In Haspelmath & Tadmor (eds.), World Loanword Database
- Li Santil Hu, Q'eqchi' Bible (ALMG spelling), bible.com version 543
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kimaya (Quichean)
| Maana | Qʼeqchi | Kiuspanteko | Kipoqomchi | Kʼiche | Kaqchikel | Proto-Maya | Ixil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ | *haʔ /haʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ |
| Moto | xam /ʃam/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | *qʼaaqʼ /qʼaaqʼ/ | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ |
| Jua | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | qʼiij /qʼiːx/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | *qʼiinh /qʼiinh/ | qʼii /qʼiː/ |
| Mwezi | po /po/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | poh /poh/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | *uːh /uːh/ | ichʼ /itʃʼ/ |
| Nyota | chahim /tʃahim/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumiil /tʃʼumiːl/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | *eʼq /eʼq/ | chumiil /tʃumiːl/ |
| Usiku | qʼojyin /qʼoχjin/ | laqʼabʼ /laqʼaɓ/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼaʼ /aqʼaʔ/ | *aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼbʼal /aqʼɓal/ |
| Mvua | habʼ /haɓ/ | jabʼ /haɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | *nhabʼ /ŋaɓ/ | jabʼal /haɓal/ |
| Theluji | xchuʼi keh /ʃtʃuʔi keh/ | chun tew /tʃun tew/ | miik /miːk/ | saq tew /saq tew/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | — | txuncheʼv /tʃuntʃeʔv/ |
| Upepo | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | tew /tew/ | teew /teːw/ | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | kaqʼiqʼ /kaqʼiqʼ/ | *ʔiʔqʼ /ʔiʔqʼ/ | kajiqʼ /kahiqʼ/ |
| Udongo | chʼochʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ | ulew /uleːw/ | akʼal /akʼal/ | ulew /ulew/ | ulew /uleːw/ | *chʼohchʼ /tʃʼohtʃʼ/ | txʼavaʼ /tʃʼaʋaʔ/ |
| Jiwe | pek /pek/ | ábʼaj /ˈáɓax/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abäj /aˈɓəx/ | *ʔaʔbʼaj /ʔaʔbʼaj/ | kʼubʼ /kʼuɓ/ |
| Mlima | tzuul /tsuːl/ | witz /wits/ | yuuqʼ /juːqʼ/ | juyubʼ /xujuɓ/ | juyuʼ /xuˈjuʔ/ | *witz /wits/ | vitz /vits/ |
| Bahari | palaw /palaw/ | mar /mar/ | palaw /palaw/ | plo /plo/ | palow /palow/ | — | mar /mar/ |
| Mama | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | tuut /tuːt/ | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | *naʔ /naʔ/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Baba | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | tat /tat/ | ajaaw /axaːw/ | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ | *taat /taat/ | baʼ /baʔ/ |
| Binti | rabʼin /raɓin/ | rabʼin /raɓin/ | ixqʼuun /iʃqʼuːn/ | miʼal /miʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ | — | meʼal /meʔal/ |
| Mimi | laaʼin /laːʔin/ | in /in/ | hin /hin/ | in /in/ | rïn /rɪn/ | *in /in/ | in /in/ |
| Wewe | laaʼat /laːʔat/ | at /at/ | hat /hat/ | at /at/ | rat /rat/ | *ʔat /ʔat/ | axh /aʃ/ |
| Sisi | laaʼo /laːʔo/ | oj /ox/ | hoj /hox/ | uj /ux/ | röj /rʊx/ | — /—/ | oʼ /oʔ/ |
| Jina | kʼabʼaʼej /kʼaɓaʔeχ/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ | bʼihnaal /ɓihnaːl/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | *bʼih /bʼih/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ |
| Mtu | poyanam /pojanam/ | kristyan /kristjan/ | kʼachareel /kʼatʃareːl/ | winaq /winaq/ | winäq /wiˈnəq/ | *winaq /winaq/ | uxhchil /uʃtʃil/ |
| Kichwa | jolom /χolom/ | bʼaa /ɓaː/ | nahis /nahis/ | jolom /xolom/ | jolom /xolom/ | — | viʼ /viʔ/ |
| Jicho | xnaqʼ u /ʃnaqʼ u/ | wach /watʃ/ | naqʼwachis /naqʼwatʃis/ | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | runaqʼ ruwäch /runaqʼ ruwətʃ/ | *Haty /hatʲ/ | vusal /vusal/ |
| Sikio | xik /ʃik/ | xikiin /ʃikiːn/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | *xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ |
| Pua | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | juʼ /xuʔ/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | tzaʼn /tsaʔn/ | *nhiiʔ /ŋiːʔ/ | juʼ /χuʔ/ |
| Mdomo | e /e/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼhis /tʃiʔhis/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | *tyiiʔ /tʲiːʔ/ | tziʼ /tsiʔ/ |
| Jino | ruuch e /ruːtʃ e/ | e /e/ | ehis /ehis/ | ware /waɾe/ | ey /ej/ | *ʔeeh /ʔeːh/ | eh /eh/ |
| Ulimi | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | *aaqʼ /aːqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ |
| Mkono | uqʼm /uqʼm/ | qʼaabʼ /qʼaːɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | *qʼabʼ /qʼabʼ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ |
| Mguu | oq /oq/ | aqan /aqan/ | ooq /oːq/ | aqan /aqan/ | aqän /aqən/ | *ʔooq /ʔoːq/ | oj /oχ/ |
| Moyo | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼuxliis /kʼuʃliːs/ | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | — /—/ | vatzʼ /vatsʼ/ |
| Mfupa | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | *bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ |
| Damu | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kïkʼ /kɪkʼ/ | *kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kaq /kaq/ |
| Kinyesi | kʼot /kʼot/ | — | saaʼ /saːʔ/ | achaq /atʃaq/ | — | *ta7 /taʔ/ | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ |
| Upendo | rahok /rahok/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | rahaal /rahaːl/ | loqʼoj /loqʼox/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ | — /—/ | kuxhewchʼa /kuʃewtʃʼa/ |
| Mti | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheeʼ /tʃeːʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | *teʔ /teʔ/ | tze /tse/ |
| Mbwa | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | *tzʼiʔ /tzʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ |
| Paka | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mees /meːs/ | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ | — /—/ | mees /meːs/ |
| Samaki | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kaɾ/ | kar /kar/ | *kar /kar/ | chay /tʃaj/ |
| Ndege | tzʼik /tsʼik/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | *tzʼikin /tzʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ |
| Kipepeo | peepem /peːpem/ | — | pehpem /pehpem/ | pepe /pepe/ | palamax /palamaʃ/ | *pehpen /pehpen/ | naaviʼ /naːviʔ/ |
| Yai | mol /mol/ | saqmolobʼ /saqmoloɓ/ | miloj /milox/ | saqmoʼl /saqmoʔl/ | saqmoloʼ /saqmoloʔ/ | — | kʼolobʼ /kʼoloɓ/ |
| Dubu | oos /oːs/ | — | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | — | oso /oso/ |
| Farasi | kawaay /kawaːj/ | kwaʼy /kwaʔj/ | kawaay /kawaːj/ | kej /kex/ | kej /kex/ | — | kaay /kaːj/ |
| Nyumba | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | jaa /haː/ | paat /paːt/ | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ | *nah /nah/ | kabʼal /kaɓal/ |
| Maziwa | leech /leːtʃ/ | lech /letʃ/ | chʼuuchʼ /tʃʼuːtʃʼ/ | leche /letʃe/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | — | chʼuʼ /tʃʼuʔ/ |
| Asali | xyaʼal kabʼ /ʃjaʔal kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | *kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ |
| Chumvi | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼaam /atsʼaːm/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | *ʔaʔtzʼaam /ʔaʔtsʼaːm/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ |
| Mvinyo | bʼiin /ɓiːn/ | vin /bin/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | — | vino /ˈbino/ |
| Mchele | aros /aros/ | — | aroos /aroːs/ | arroz /aros/ | arroz /aˈros/ | — | arus /arus/ |
| Chokoleti | chokolaat | — | chikolaat /tʃikolaːt/ | chocolate | chocolate | — | — |
| Chuma | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | chʼihchʼ /tʃʼihtʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | — | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ |
| Gurudumu | rueda /rweda/ | — | kotokaq /kotokaq/ | — | rueda /rweda/ | — | — |
| Hariri | seda /seda/ | — | — | xela /ʃela/ | seda /ˈseda/ | — | seda /ˈseda/ |
| Kitabu | hu /hu/ | wuuj /wuːx/ | huuj /huːx/ | wuj /wux/ | wuj /wux/ | *huʔnh /huʔŋ/ | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ |
| Kula | waʼak /waʔak/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | wiʼk /wiʔk/ | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ | *waʔ /waʔ/ | tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ |
| Kunywa | ukʼak /ukʼak/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uukʼ /uːkʼ/ | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːx/ | kumun /kumun/ | *ʔukʼ /ʔukʼ/ | ucha /utʃa/ |
| Kulala | wark /wark/ | war /war/ | wirik /wirik/ | war /waɾ/ | war /war/ | *war /war/ | wat /wat/ |
| Moja | jun /χun/ | jun /hun/ | jinaj /xinax/ | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ | *jun /jun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Mbili | wiibʼ /wiːɓ/ | quiibʼ /kiːɓ/ | kiʼibʼ /kiʔiɓ/ | kebʼ /keɓ/ | kaʼiʼ /kaʔiʔ/ | *kaʼ /kaʼ/ | kaʼvaʼl /kaʔʋaʔl/ |
| Tatu | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | ixibʼ /iʃiɓ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxiʼ /oʃiʔ/ | *ʼoxibʼ /ʔoʃiɓ/ | oxvaʼl /oʃʋaʔl/ |
| Nne | kaahibʼ /kaːhiɓ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kijibʼ /kixiɓ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kajiʼ /kaxiʔ/ | *kaŋibʼ /kaŋiɓ/ | kajvaʼl /kahʋaʔl/ |
| Tano | oobʼ /oːɓ/ | joobʼ /hoːɓ/ | hoʼoobʼ /hoʔoːɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | woʼoʼ /woʔoʔ/ | *hoʔ /hoʔ/ | oʼvaʼl /oʔʋaʔl/ |
| Mia | oʼkʼaal /oʔkʼaːl/ | jun cient /hun sjent/ | hoʼkʼahl /hoʔkʼahl/ | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | wokʼal /wokʼal/ | — | oʼkʼalal /oʔkʼalal/ |
| Habari | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma saʔ laːtʃʼoːl/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | ma chaa /ma tʃaː/ | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwətʃ/ | — /—/ | nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa /nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/ |
| Asante | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | tioxlaab /tjoʃlaːb/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ | — /—/ | tantixh /tantiʃ/ |
| Nzuri | us /us/ | tzi /tsi/ | holohik /holohik/ | utz /uts/ | ütz /ʊts/ | *utz /utz/ | utzʼ /utsʼ/ |
| Mpya | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼaʼ /kʼakʼaʔ/ | *ʔa(a)kʼ /ʔakʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ |
| Nyekundu | kaq /kaq/ | kyeq /kjeq/ | kaq /kaq/ | kaq /kaq/ | käq /kəq/ | *kaq /kaq/ | kaq /kaq/ |
| Nyeupe | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | säq /səq/ | *saq /saq/ | saj /saχ/ |
| Nyeusi | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | *ʔejqʼ /ʔejqʼ/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ |
| Kijani | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | *raʔx /raʔʃ/ | chaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ |
| Buluu | rax /raʃ/ | xaar /ʃaːr/ | rax /raʃ/ | xar /ʃaɾ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | — | — |
| Kekeo | ixnam /iʃˈnam/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kompyuta | ululchʼiichʼ /ulultʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | — | — | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | — | — |
| Chai | te /te/ | — | — | té /te/ | té /te/ | — | — |
| Kahawa | kape /kape/ | — | kapeh /kapeh/ | kape /kape/ | kape /kape/ | — | — |
| Sukari | asuukr /asuːkɾ/ | — | asuukar /asuːkar/ | asukal /asukal/ | kʼajkabʼ /kʼaxkaɓ/ | — | asukaal /asukaːl/ |
| Chungwa | chiin /tʃiːn/ | — | araan /araːn/ | alanxax /alanʃaʃ/ | alanx /alanʃ/ | — | — |
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