Kalenjin
Kikalenjin
Nilo-Sahara (Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Southern Nilotic — kundi la Kalenjin)
Kalenjin ni kundi la lugha za Kinilotiki cha Kusini katika familia ya Nilo-Sahara, kinachozungumzwa na watu wa Kalenjin hasa katika eneo la Bonde la Ufa nchini Kenya, huku jamii ndogo zikiwa Uganda na Tanzania. Kina wazungumzaji wapatao milioni tano na kinajumuisha lahaja zinazohusiana kwa karibu kama Nandi, Kipsigis, Keiyo, Tugen, Marakwet na Sabaot. Kimeandikwa kwa hati ya Kilatini, ni lugha yenye toni na, kama lugha nyingine za Kinilotiki, hutumia upatanifu wa irabu unaotegemea nafasi ya shina la ulimi (ATR).
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kikalenjin
Vyanzo
- Kalenjin Bible (KAPR / Kalenjin DC Bible), Bible Society of Kenya, bible.com versions 1585/1586; Old Kalenjin Bible (BUKUIT), bible.com version 2927
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Nilo-Sahara (Eastern Sudanic, Nilotic, Southern Nilotic — kundi la Kalenjin)
| Maana | Kikalenjin | Kisamburu | Kimasai | Kichasu | Kiluo | Kibari | Kimakonde |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | beek /beːk/ | nkare /ŋkare/ | ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ | mende /mende/ | pi /pi/ | piong /piɔŋ/ | medi /medi/ |
| Moto | maat /maːt/ | nkima /ŋkima/ | ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ | mshika /mʃika/ | mach /matʃ/ | kima /kima/ | moto /moto/ |
| Jua | asis /asis/ | lakwa /lakʷa/ | enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | chiengʼ /tʃiɛŋ/ | kolor /kolor/ | liduva /liduva/ |
| Mwezi | arawa /arawa/ | lapa /lapa/ | olapa /olapa/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | dwe /dwe/ | yapa /japa/ | mwedi /mwedi/ |
| Nyota | kokeel /kokeːl/ | lakira /lakira/ | olakira /olakira/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | sulwe /sulwɛ/ | kaserokoti /kaserokoti/ | inondwa /inondwa/ |
| Usiku | kemeut /kemeut/ | kewarie /kɛwarie/ | kewarie /kɛwarie/ | usiku /usiku/ | otieno /otiɛno/ | tukwaje /tukʷaje/ | chilo /tʃilo/ |
| Mvua | robta /robta/ | nchan /ntʃan/ | ɛnchan /ɛntʃan/ | mvua /mvua/ | koth /kɔθ/ | kudu /kudu/ | imbula /imbula/ |
| Theluji | teluchi /telutʃi/ | — | empaso /empaso/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ | luru lo lilik /luru lo lilik/ | — |
| Upepo | usoonet /usoːnet/ | siwuo /siwuo/ | olkutati /olkʊtati/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | yamo /jamo/ | köbuŋöt /kɔbuŋɔt/ | lipungo /lipuŋɡo/ |
| Udongo | ng'ung'unyek /ŋuŋuɲek/ | nkop /ŋkop/ | enkop /eŋkop/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | lowo /loːwo/ | kak /kak/ | ulongo /uloŋɡo/ |
| Jiwe | koita /koita/ | soit /soit/ | osoit /oˈsoit/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | kidi /ˈkidi/ | ŋurupit /ŋurupit/ | liyanga /lijaŋɡa/ |
| Mlima | tulwet /tulwet/ | ldonyuo /ldoɲuo/ | oldoinyo /oldoiɲo/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | got /ɡɔt/ | mere /mere/ | lichinga /litʃiŋɡa/ |
| Bahari | nyanjet /ɲandʒet/ | mpaso /mpaso/ | enaiposha /enaipoʃa/ | bahari /bahari/ | nam /nam/ | tör na balang /tɔr na balaŋ/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mama | kamet /kamet/ | yieyo /jiejo/ | yieyio /jiejio/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ŋote /ŋote/ | mama /mama/ |
| Baba | kwanda /kwanda/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Binti | chepto /tʃepto/ | ntito /ntito/ | entito /entito/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | nyar /ɲar/ | ŋuro nakwan /ŋuro nakʷan/ | nahaku /nahaku/ |
| Mimi | anee /aneː/ | nanu /nanu/ | nanʉ /nanʊ/ | mine /mine/ | an /an/ | nan /nan/ | une /une/ |
| Wewe | inyee /iɲeː/ | iye /ije/ | iyie /ijie/ | uwe /uwe/ | in /in/ | do /do/ | uve /uve/ |
| Sisi | acheek /atʃeːk/ | iyioo /ijioː/ | iyiook /ijioːk/ | uswi /uswi/ | wan /wan/ | yi /ji/ | hwetu /hwetu/ |
| Jina | kaina /kaina/ | nkarna /ŋkarna/ | enkarna /eŋkarna/ | izina /izina/ | nying /ɲiŋ/ | karin /karin/ | lina /lina/ |
| Mtu | chiito /tʃiːto/ | ltungani /ltuŋani/ | oltungani /oltuŋani/ | mntu /mntu/ | dhano /ðano/ | ŋutu /ŋutu/ | munu /munu/ |
| Kichwa | metit /metit/ | nkue /ŋkue/ | ɛlukunya /ɛlʊkʊɲa/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | wich /witʃ/ | kwe /kʷe/ | muti /muti/ |
| Jicho | konda /konda/ | nkoŋu /ŋkoŋu/ | ɛŋɔŋu /ɛŋɔŋu/ | iiso /iːso/ | wangʼ /waŋ/ | kongi /koŋɡi/ | liso /liso/ |
| Sikio | itit /itit/ | nkiook /ŋkiˈoːk/ | enkiook /ɛnkiˈoːk/ | isikio /isikio/ | it /it/ | swot /swot/ | likutu /likutu/ |
| Pua | serut /serut/ | nkume /ŋkume/ | enkume /ɛnˈkume/ | fua /fua/ | um /um/ | kume /kume/ | imula /imula/ |
| Mdomo | kutit /kutit/ | nkutuk /ŋkutuk/ | enkutuk /ɛŋkʊtʊk/ | momo /momo/ | dhok /ðok/ | kutuk /kutuk/ | kanya /kaɲa/ |
| Jino | kelet /kelet/ | lalai /lalai/ | olalai /olalai/ | jino /dʒino/ | lak /lak/ | kele /kele/ | lino /lino/ |
| Ulimi | ngelyepta /ŋeljepta/ | lngejep /lŋɛɟɛp/ | olngejep /ɔlŋɛɟɛp/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lep /lɛp/ | ŋadap /ŋadap/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Mkono | eut /eut/ | nkaina /ŋkaina/ | ɛŋaina /ɛŋaina/ | mkono /mkono/ | lwedo /lwɛdo/ | könin /kɔnin/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Mguu | keldo /keldo/ | nkeju /ŋkedʒu/ | enkeju /ɛnkɛdʒʊ/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | tielo /tiɛlo/ | moköt /mokɔt/ | likambatu /likambatu/ |
| Moyo | muguleldo /muɡuleldo/ | ltau /ltau/ | oltau /oltau/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | chuny /tʃuɲ/ | töili /tɔili/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Mfupa | kowet /kowet/ | loito /loito/ | oloito /oloito/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | chogo /tʃoɡo/ | kuyutio /kujutio/ | ligwangwa /liɡwaŋɡwa/ |
| Damu | korotik /korotik/ | lodo /loɗo/ | osarge /osarɡe/ | sakame /sakame/ | remo /rɛmo/ | rima /rima/ | myadi /mjadi/ |
| Kinyesi | ng'atatek /ŋatatek/ | nkik /ŋkik/ | inkik /iŋkik/ | — | chieth /tʃiɛθ/ | korodo /korodo/ | mavi /mavi/ |
| Upendo | chamyet /tʃamjet/ | eitalu /eitalu/ | eitalu /eitalu/ | lumba /lumba/ | hera /hera/ | nyar /ɲar/ | kupenda /kupenda/ |
| Mti | keetit /keːtit/ | lchani /ltʃani/ | olchani /oltʃani/ | mti /mti/ | yath /jaθ/ | ködini /kɔdini/ | nnandi /nːandi/ |
| Mbwa | ses /ses/ | ldia /ldia/ | oldia /oldia/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | guok /ɡuok/ | ’dioŋ /ɗioŋ/ | nshenye /nʃeɲe/ |
| Paka | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | lupa /lupa/ | imaaka /imaːka/ |
| Samaki | njiryot /ndʒirjot/ | singirr /siŋɡirː/ | osingirri /osiŋɡirːi/ | samaki /samaki/ | rech /rɛtʃ/ | sumuti /sumuti/ | homba /homba/ |
| Ndege | taritiet /taritiet/ | nkueenyi /ŋkuɛːɲi/ | motonyi /moˈtoɲi/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | winyo /wiɲo/ | kwenti /kʷenti/ | chuni /tʃuni/ |
| Kipepeo | taburburiet /taburburiet/ | — | ɔsampurimpuri /ɔsampurimpuri/ | — | oguyo /oɡujo/ | — | lipuluputu /lipuluputu/ |
| Yai | mayaiyat /majaijat/ | mboliboli /mboliboli/ | olmosori /olmosori/ | igi /iɡi/ | tongʼ /toŋ/ | katulukuti /katulukuti/ | liye /lije/ |
| Farasi | mbartanyit /mbartaɲit/ | mbarta /mbarta/ | ɛmbarta /ɛmbarta/ | farasi /farasi/ | faras /faras/ | kusan /kusan/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Nyumba | gaa /ɡaː/ | nkang /ŋkaŋ/ | engʼaji /ɛŋadʒi/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | ot /ot/ | kadi /kadi/ | ing'ande /iŋande/ |
| Maziwa | chego /tʃeɡo/ | kule /kule/ | kule /kule/ | mavee /maveː/ | chak /tʃak/ | le /le/ | mavele /mavele/ |
| Asali | kumyat /kumjat/ | naicho ee lotoro /naitʃo eː lotoro/ | enaisho /enaiʃo/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | mor kich /mor kitʃ/ | siwatat /siwatat/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| Chumvi | munyek /muɲek/ | nkisiicho /ŋkisiːtʃo/ | ɛmunyan /ɛmuɲan/ | munyu /muɲu/ | chumbi /tʃumbi/ | alang /alaŋ/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Mvinyo | divai /divai/ | naichuo e lmusabibu /naitʃuo e lmusabibu/ | enaisho oo sabibu /enaiʃo oː sabibu/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | binyo /biɲo/ | divayi /divaji/ |
| Chuma | karnet /karnet/ | senkei /seŋkei/ | olchuma /ɔltʃʊma/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | nyinyo /ˈɲiɲo/ | witi /witi/ | chitale /tʃitale/ |
| Gurudumu | tireet /tireːt/ | — | enkeju /ɛnkɛdʒʊ/ | — | nyange /ɲaŋe/ | — /—/ | — |
| Hariri | aririt /aririt/ | — | — | hariri /hariri/ | las /las/ | kaririat /kaririat/ | halili /halili/ |
| Kitabu | bukuit /bukuit/ | mbuku /mbuku/ | embuku /embuku/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ |
| Kula | am /am/ | anya /aɲa/ | anya /aɲa/ | kurya /kurja/ | chiemo /tʃiemo/ | nyesu /ɲesu/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Kunywa | ee /eː/ | oŋg /oŋɡ/ | oŋg /oŋɡ/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | madho /maðo/ | möju /mɔju/ | kukumbila /kukumbila/ |
| Kulala | ru /ru/ | airura /airura/ | airura /airʊra/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | nindo /nindo/ | doto /doto/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Moja | agenge /aɡeŋe/ | obo /obo/ | obo /obo/ | imwe /imwe/ | achiel /atʃiɛl/ | geleŋ /ɡeleŋ/ | nimo /nimo/ |
| Mbili | aeng /aeŋ/ | aare /aːre/ | aare /aːre/ | avili /aβili/ | ariyo /arijo/ | murek /murek/ | vavili /vaʋili/ |
| Tatu | somok /somok/ | uni /uni/ | uni /uni/ | adatu /adatu/ | adek /adek/ | musala /musala/ | nnaatu /nːaːtu/ |
| Nne | angwan /aŋwan/ | ongwan /oŋwan/ | ongwan /oŋwan/ | — | angʼwen /aŋwɛn/ | ŋwan /ŋwan/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ |
| Tano | muut /muːt/ | imiet /imiet/ | imiet /imiɛt/ | — | abich /abitʃ/ | mukanat /mukanat/ | mwaanu /mwaːnu/ |
| Mia | bogol /boɡol/ | ip /ip/ | ip /iːp/ | ighana /iɣana/ | mia /mia/ | mia /mia/ | miya /miːja/ |
| Habari | chamege /tʃameɡe/ | sopa /sopa/ | sopa /sopa/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | misawa /misawa/ | madaŋ /madaŋ/ | nakushukuru /nakuʃukuɾu/ |
| Asante | kongoi /koŋoi/ | ashe /aʃe/ | ashe /aʃe/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | erokamano /erokamano/ | tinate /tinate/ | nashukuru /naʃukuɾu/ |
| Nzuri | karaaran /karaːran/ | supat /supat/ | sidai /sidai/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | maber /maber/ | ’but /ɓut/ | mbone /mbone/ |
| Mpya | leel /leːl/ | ŋejuk /ŋedʒuk/ | ŋejuk /ŋedʒuk/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | manyien /maɲien/ | ludukotyo /ludukotjo/ | chahambi /tʃahambi/ |
| Nyekundu | birirben /birirben/ | nanyokie /naɲokie/ | nanyokie /naɲokie/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | makwar /makwar/ | lotor /lotor/ | nahuvi /nahuvi/ |
| Nyeupe | leel /leːl/ | naibor /naiˈbor/ | naibor /naibor/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | rachar /ratʃar/ | lokwe /lokwe/ | naswe /naswe/ |
| Nyeusi | tuui /tuːi/ | narok /narok/ | narok /narok/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | ratengʼ /ratɛŋ/ | lurwö /lurwɔ/ | napi /napi/ |
| Kijani | nyalil /ɲalil/ | nanyori /naɲori/ | nanyori /naɲori/ | — | — | loŋem /loŋem/ | — |
| Buluu | arus /arus/ | kapatei /kapatei/ | pus /pus/ | — | rambulu /rambulu/ | lomurye /lomurje/ | — |
| 99 | tamanwogik sogol ak sogol /tamanwoɡik soɡol ak soɡol/ | ntomoni saal o saal /ntomoni saːl o saːl/ | ntomoni naaudo o naaudo /ntomoni naːudo o naːudo/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | piero ochiko gochiko /piero otʃiko ɡotʃiko/ | merya buŋwan wot buŋwan /merja buŋwan wot buŋwan/ | tisini na tisa /tisini na tisa/ |
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