Reʻo Paʻumotu
Kituamotu
Kiaustronesia (Kipolinesia)
Kituamotu, kinachoitwa pia Pa'umotu au Reo Pa'umotu (ISO 639-3: pmt), ni lugha ya Kipolinesia cha Mashariki inayozungumzwa katika Funguvisiwa la Tuamotu, Polinesia ya Ufaransa. Kina maeneo saba ya lugha za kieneo—Tapuhoe, Maragai, Mihiroa, Vāhitu, Fagatau, Parata na Nāpuka—yaliyosambaa katika atoli za funguvisiwa zilizo mbali sana. Lugha iko hatarini: watu wazima, hasa kizazi cha babu na nyanya, wanaendelea kuitumia, lakini watoto wachache zaidi huimudu kikamilifu nyumbani, huku Kitahiti na Kifaransa vikitawala nyanja nyingi za umma. Kituamotu huandikwa kwa tahajia yenye msingi wa Kilatini inayoonyesha urefu wa irabu na vizuiwa glota. Chuo cha Kāruru Vānaga, kilichoanzishwa mwaka 2008, hufanya kazi ya kusanifisha lugha, kuhimiza ufundishaji na kusaidia urithishaji wake; mitaala ya shule iliyorekebishwa pia hutoa nyenzo za kujifunza Pa'umotu.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kituamotu
Vyanzo
- ABVD language 246 'Tuamotu' (Greenhill, Blust & Gray 2008), data from POLLEX 2000 (Biggs & Clark) citing Stimson & Marshall 1964, A Dictionary of Some Tuamotuan Dialects of the Polynesian Language (Salem: Peabody Museum); Tregear, Edward 1895, A Paumotuan Dictionary with Polynesian Comparatives (Wellington: Whitcombe & Tombs; archive.org paumotuandiction00tregrich)
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kiaustronesia (Kipolinesia)
| Maana | Kituamotu | Kimaori cha Visiwa vya Cook | Kipukapuka | Kimarquesa | Kirapanui | Kitokelau | Kituvalu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | wai /wai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ |
| Moto | ahi /ahi/ | aʻi /aʔi/ | awi /awi/ | ahi /ahi/ | ahi /ahi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ |
| Jua | rā /raː/ | rā /raː/ | la /la/ | ʻoumati /ʔoumati/ | raʻā /ɾaʔaː/ | lā /laː/ | laa /laː/ |
| Mwezi | marama /marama/ | marama /marama/ | malama /malama/ | mahina /mahina/ | mahina /mahina/ | māhina /maːhina/ | masina /masina/ |
| Nyota | fetū /fetuː/ | etū /etuː/ | wetū /wetuː/ | fetuʻu /fetuʔu/ | hetuʻu /hetuʔu/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetū /fetuː/ |
| Usiku | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ |
| Mvua | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ |
| Upepo | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | metani /metani/ | tokerau /tokeɾau/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ |
| Udongo | repo /repo/ | one /one/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | ʻepo /ʔepo/ | ʻoʻone /ʔoʔone/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ |
| Jiwe | pōfatu /poːfatu/ | toka /toka/ | watu /watu/ | keʻa /keʔa/ | maʻea /maʔea/ | fatu /fatu/ | fatu /fatu/ |
| Mlima | māunga /maːuŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | — | maʻunga /maʔuŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ |
| Bahari | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | moana /moana/ | tai /tai/ |
| Mama | metua vahine /metua vahine/ | māmā /maːmaː/ | matua wawine /matua wawine/ | kui /kui/ | matuʻa vahine /matuʔa vahine/ | mātua /maːtua/ | maatua /maːtua/ |
| Baba | metua tāne /metua taːne/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ | matua tāne /matua taːne/ | motua /motua/ | matuʻa tāne /matuʔa taːne/ | tamana /tamana/ | tamana /tamana/ |
| Binti | tamahine /tamahine/ | tamaine /tamaine/ | tamāwine /tamaːwine/ | — | poki vahine /poki vahine/ | afafine /afafine/ | tama fafine /tama fafine/ |
| Mimi | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ |
| Wewe | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ |
| Sisi | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tatou / matou /tatou / matou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| Jina | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ikoa /ikoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ |
| Mtu | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | ʻenana /ʔenana/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tagata /taŋata/ | tino /tino/ |
| Kichwa | upoko /upoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | ulu /ulu/ | upoko /upoko/ | puʻoko /puʔoko/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ |
| Jicho | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ |
| Sikio | taringa /tariŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | puaʻika /puaʔika/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ |
| Pua | ihu /ihu/ | putāngiʻu /putaːŋiʔu/ | iyu /iðu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | isu /isu/ |
| Mdomo | vaha /vaha/ | vaʻa /vaʔa/ | ngutu /ŋutu/ | haha /haha/ | haha /haha/ | gutu /ŋutu/ | gutu /ŋutu/ |
| Jino | niho /niho/ | niʻo /niʔo/ | nio /nio/ | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ |
| Ulimi | arero /aɾeɾo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | alelo /alelo/ | ʻeʻo /ʔeʔo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | alelo /alelo/ | alelo /alelo/ |
| Mkono | rima /rima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Mguu | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vaʻe /vaʔe/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ |
| Moyo | hōupo /hoːupo/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | loto /loto/ | houpo /houpo/ | mahatu /mahatu/ | fatu /fatu/ | fatu /fatu/ |
| Mfupa | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ |
| Damu | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ |
| Kinyesi | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | — | tūtaʻe /tuːtaʔe/ | tae /tae/ | tae /tae/ |
| Upendo | aroha /aroha/ | aroʻa /aɾoʔa/ | aloa /aloa/ | hanahana /hanahana/ | hanga /haŋa/ | alofa /alofa/ | alofa /alofa/ |
| Mti | rākau /raːkau/ | rākau /raːkau/ | lākau /laːkau/ | tumu kahi /tumu kahi/ | tumu rākau /tumu ɾaːkau/ | lākau /laːkau/ | laakau /laːkau/ |
| Mbwa | kuri /kuri/ | puakaoa /puakaoa/ | kulī /kuliː/ | peto /peto/ | paihenga /paiheŋa/ | maile /maile/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | ngiao /ŋiao/ | pusi /pusi/ | piki /piki/ | kati /kati/ | puhi /puhi/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Samaki | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ |
| Ndege | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ |
| Kipepeo | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | — | — | pepa /pepa/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ |
| Yai | tōuo /toːuo/ | ua /ua/ | wuamoa /wuamoa/ | mamaʻi /mamaʔi/ | māmari /maːmaɾi/ | fuāmoa /fuaːmoa/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ |
| Farasi | puārehenua /puaːrehenua/ | ʻoroʻenua /ʔoɾoʔenua/ | oloenua /oloenua/ | ekeuna /ekeuna/ | hoi /hoi/ | holofanua /holofanua/ | solofanua /solofanua/ |
| Nyumba | fare /fare/ | ʻare /ʔaɾe/ | wale /wale/ | haʻe /haʔe/ | hare /haɾe/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ |
| Chumvi | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | paʻatai /paʔatai/ | miti /miti/ | māhima /maːhima/ | masima /masima/ |
| Chuma | kāuri /kaːuri/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuri/ | āuli /aːuli/ | — | auri /auɾi/ | ukamea /ukamea/ | fiti /fiti/ |
| Gurudumu | huira /huira/ | porotātā /poɾotaːtaː/ | — | — | — /—/ | uili /uili/ | teka /teka/ |
| Kitabu | puta /puta/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | — | puka /puka/ | tuhi /tuhi/ | tusi /tusi/ |
| Kula | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ |
| Kunywa | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | unu /unu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ |
| Kulala | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ |
| Moja | tahi /tahi/ | taʻi /taʔi/ | tayi /taði/ | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | tasi /tasi/ |
| Mbili | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | ʻua /ʔua/ | rua /ɾua/ | lua /lua/ | lua /lua/ |
| Tatu | toru /toɾu/ | toru /toɾu/ | tolu /tolu/ | toʻu /toʔu/ | toru /toɾu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ |
| Nne | hā /haː/ | ʻā /ʔaː/ | wā /waː/ | hā /haː/ | hā /haː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ |
| Tano | rima /ɾima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Mia | hānere /haːnere/ | ʻānere /ʔaːnere/ | lau /lau/ | ʻau /ʔau/ | rau /ɾau/ | helau /helau/ | selau /selau/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | kia orāna /kia oɾaːna/ | kia orana /kia oɾana/ | kaʻoha /kaʔoha/ | ʻiorana /ʔioɾana/ | mālō ni /maːloː ni/ | taalofa /taːlofa/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | mauruuru /mauɾuuɾu/ | maururu /mauɾuɾu/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ |
| Nzuri | maitaki /maitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | lelei /lelei/ | meitaʻi /meitaʔi/ | riva /ɾiva/ | lelei /lelei/ | lei /lei/ |
| Mpya | hoou /hoou/ | ʻou /ʔou/ | wou /wou/ | hou /hou/ | hoʻou /hoʔou/ | fōu /foːu/ | fou /fou/ |
| Nyekundu | kura /kuɾa/ | muramura /muɾamuɾa/ | kula /kula/ | kuʻa /kuʔa/ | mea mea /mea mea/ | kukula /kukula/ | kula /kula/ |
| Nyeupe | tea /tea/ | teatea /teatea/ | tea /tea/ | tea /tea/ | tea tea /tea tea/ | paepae /paepae/ | kena /kena/ |
| Nyeusi | kere /kere/ | kerekere /keɾekeɾe/ | uli /uli/ | keʻekeʻe /keʔekeʔe/ | uri uri /uɾi uɾi/ | uli /uli/ | uli /uli/ |
| Kijani | matie /matie/ | matie /matie/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | — | rito mata /ɾito mata/ | lanu meamata /lanu meamata/ | lanu lau niu /lanu lau niu/ |
| Buluu | ninamu /ninamu/ | auīka /auiːka/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | moho /moho/ | moana /moana/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ |
| Chungwa | anani /anani/ | ʻānani /ʔaːnani/ | — | — | — | moli /moli/ | moli /moli/ |
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