Sidaamu Afoo
Kisidamo
Kiafro-Asia (Kikushi, Highland East)
Kisidamo (Sidaama) ndiyo lugha kubwa zaidi ya Kikushi cha Mashariki cha Nyanda za Juu (Highland East Cushitic), inayozungumzwa na watu wapatao milioni 3 katika Mkoa wa Sidama wa Ethiopia ulioundwa hivi karibuni (uliotengwa kutoka SNNPR mwaka 2020). Ina uhusiano wa karibu na lugha za Kihadiyya, Kikambaata, na Kigedeo. Ina konsonanti za ejective, vizuizi vya glota (glottalised stops), uwekaji wa alama za kesi ulio tata, na mpangilio wa maneno wa SOV. Watu wa Sidama ni wakulima maarufu wa kahawa katika kusini mwa Ethiopia. Hutumia hati ya Kilatini iliyobuniwa katika miaka ya 1990 kwa ajili ya elimu ya msingi na mfumo wa utangazaji wa kimkoa wa Sidaamu Afoo.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kisidamo
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kiafro-Asia (Kikushi, Highland East)
| Maana | Kisidamo | Kigedeo | Kioromo | Kikonso | Kiafar | Kiwolaytta | Kisaho |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | waa /waː/ | wodeʼe /wodeʔe/ | bishaan /biʃaːn/ | pisha /piʃa/ | lee /leː/ | haatta /haːtːa/ | laye /laje/ |
| Moto | giira /ɡiːra/ | giira /ɡiːɾa/ | ibidda /ibidːa/ | apitta /apitːa/ | gira /ɡira/ | tama /tama/ | gira /ɡira/ |
| Jua | arrishsho /arːiʃːo/ | arishsho /ariʃːo/ | aduu /aduː/ | piirtuta /piːrtuta/ | ayró /ajro/ | awa /awa/ | ayro /ajɾo/ |
| Mwezi | agana /aɡana/ | agenjo /aɡendʒo/ | jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ | leya /leja/ | alsá /alsa/ | aginaa /aɡinaː/ | alsa /alsa/ |
| Nyota | beeddakko /beːdːakko/ | urje /urdʒe/ | urjii /urdʒiː/ | hikkitta /hikːitːa/ | cutuk /ħutuk/ | xoolinttee /tʼoːlintːeː/ | xutuk /ħutuk/ |
| Usiku | hashsha /haʃːa/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ | halkan /halkan/ | halkeetta /halkeːtːa/ | bar /bar/ | qamma /kʼamːa/ | bar /bar/ |
| Mvua | xeena /tʼeːna/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ | bokkaa /ˈbokːaː/ | roopa /roːpa/ | rob /rob/ | iraa /iraː/ | rob /rob/ |
| Theluji | kaade /kaːde/ | — | cabbii /tʃabːiː/ | fuuttota /fuːtːota/ | — | suuppa shachcha /suːpːa ʃatʃːa/ | — |
| Upepo | bubbe /bubːe/ | diidallo /diːdalːo/ | bubbee /ˈbubːeː/ | puppeeta /pupːeːta/ | caacay /ħaːħaj/ | carkko /tsʼarkːo/ | xaaxat /ħaːħat/ |
| Udongo | uulla /uːlla/ | buttina /butːina/ | lafa /lafa/ | piita /piːta/ | árdi /ardi/ | saʼaa /saʔaː/ | baarho /baːɽo/ |
| Jiwe | kincho /kintʃo/ | kinjo /kindʒo/ | dhagaa /ɖaˈɡaː/ | daka /ɗaka/ | xáa /ɖaː/ | shuchcha /ʃutʃːa/ | dhaa /ɖaː/ |
| Mlima | gaara /ɡaːra/ | kooba /koːba/ | tulluu /tulːuː/ | irroota /irːoːta/ | qale /ʕale/ | deriya /derija/ | kooma /koːma/ |
| Bahari | baare /baːre/ | abbaayya /abːaːjːa/ | galaana /ɡalaːna/ | pakateeta /pakateːta/ | bad /bad/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | bad /bad/ |
| Mama | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | haadha /haːɗa/ | aayyaa /aːjːaː/ | iná /iˈna/ | aayyiyo /aːjːijo/ | ina /ina/ |
| Baba | anna /anːa/ | anna /anːa/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | aappaa /aːpːaː/ | abbá /abːa/ | aawa /aːwa/ | abba /abba/ |
| Binti | beetto /beːtːo/ | belto /belto/ | intala /intala/ | enenta /enenta/ | baxá /baˈɖa/ | naʼiyo /naʔijo/ | barhä /baˈɽa/ |
| Mimi | ani /ani/ | ani /ani/ | ani /ani/ | anti /anti/ | anu /anu/ | taani /taːni/ | anu /anu/ |
| Wewe | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | atti /atti/ | atu /atu/ | neeni /neːni/ | atu /atu/ |
| Sisi | ninke /ninke/ | noʼo /noʔo/ | nuti /nuti/ | ino /ino/ | nanu /nanu/ | nuuni /nuːni/ | nanu /nanu/ |
| Jina | suʼma /suʔma/ | summa /sumːa/ | maqaa /makʼaː/ | maxxa /maχːa/ | migáq /miɡaʕ/ | sunttaa /suntːaː/ | migac /miɡaʕ/ |
| Mtu | mancho /mantʃo/ | manjo /mandʒo/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | núm /num/ | asaa /asaː/ | xiyaw /ħijaw/ |
| Kichwa | umo /umo/ | umo /umo/ | mataa /mataː/ | matta /matːa/ | amó /amo/ | huuphiya /huːpʼija/ | amo /amo/ |
| Jicho | ille /ilːe/ | ille /ilːe/ | ija /idʒa/ | ilta /ilta/ | intí /inti/ | ayfee /ajfeː/ | inti /inti/ |
| Sikio | macca /matʃʼːa/ | mansha /manʃa/ | gurra /ɡurra/ | napahata /napahata/ | ayti /ajti/ | hayttaa /hajtːaː/ | cokka /ʕokka/ |
| Pua | sano /sano/ | sana /sana/ | funyaan /fuɲaːn/ | sina /sina/ | san /san/ | siiriya /siːrija/ | san /san/ |
| Mdomo | afo /afo/ | afoʼo /afoʔo/ | afaan /afaːn/ | afa /afa/ | af /af/ | doonaa /doːnaː/ | af /af/ |
| Jino | hinko /hinko/ | isso /isːo/ | ilkaan /ilkaːn/ | ilkitta /ilkitːa/ | boddiná /bodːina/ | achcha /atʃːa/ | iko /iko/ |
| Ulimi | arrawo /arːawo/ | arrabo /arːabo/ | arraba /arːaba/ | arrapa /arːapa/ | arraabá /arːaːba/ | inxxarssa /intʼarsːa/ | anrab /anrab/ |
| Mkono | anga /anɡa/ | anga /aŋɡa/ | harka /haɾka/ | harka /harka/ | gabá /ɡaba/ | kushiyaa /kuʃijaː/ | gaba /ɡaba/ |
| Mguu | lekka /ˈlekːa/ | lekka /lekːa/ | miilla /miːlːa/ | loʛta /loʛta/ | iba /iba/ | tohuwa /tohuwa/ | iba /iba/ |
| Moyo | wodana /wodana/ | wodana /wodana/ | onnee /onːeː/ | sataʔta /sataʔta/ | lubbí /lubːi/ | wozanaa /wozanaː/ | qalbe /qalbe/ |
| Mfupa | miqicho /mikʼitʃo/ | micco /mitʃʼːo/ | lafee /lafeː/ | lafta /lafta/ | lafa /lafa/ | meqetta /mekʼetːa/ | lafa /lafa/ |
| Damu | munde /munde/ | munde /munde/ | dhiiga /ɖiːɡa/ | diika /ɗiːka/ | qabal /ʕabal/ | suutta /suːtːa/ | biilo /biːlo/ |
| Kinyesi | ciilo /tʃʼiːlo/ | cilo /tʃʼilo/ | udaan /udaːn/ | utaa /utaː/ | caara /ħaːra/ | shiyaa /ʃijaː/ | — |
| Upendo | baxa /batʼa/ | eeyya /eːjːa/ | jaalala /dʒaːlala/ | ʄaalaɗiyaa /ʄaːlaɗijaː/ | kacanú /kaħanu/ | siiqaa /siːqaː/ | kaxano /kaħano/ |
| Mti | haqqe /hakʼːe/ | haqqa /hakʼːa/ | muka /muka/ | qoyra /ʛojra/ | caxá /ħaɖa/ | mittaa /mitːaː/ | xarha /ħaɽa/ |
| Mbwa | woshichcho /woʃitʃːo/ | kaneessa /kaneːsːa/ | saree /saɾeː/ | kuta /kuta/ | kuta /kuta/ | kanaa /kanaː/ | kare /kaɾe/ |
| Paka | basu /basu/ | adurre /aduɾːe/ | adurree /adurːeː/ | aturraata /aturːaːta/ | dummú /dumːu/ | gaaduwaa /ɡaːduwaː/ | dummu /dummu/ |
| Samaki | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ | qurxummii /qurxummiː/ | murkuja /murkuʄa/ | kullúnta /kulːunta/ | moliya /molija/ | caasa /ʕaːsa/ |
| Ndege | ceʼa /tʃʼeʔa/ | ciʼa /tʃʼiʔa/ | simbirroo /simbirroː/ | xampira /χampira/ | kimbiró /kimbiro/ | kafo /kafo/ | kimbir /kimbir/ |
| Kipepeo | billaachcha /bilːaːtʃːa/ | — | billaacha /bilːaːtʃa/ | — | laahintí /laːhinti/ | muqo /mukʼo/ | — |
| Yai | quuphichcho /kʼuːpʼːitʃːo/ | quuphe /kʼuːpʼe/ | hanqaaquu /hanqaːquː/ | hukuukka /hukuːkːa/ | naala /naːla/ | phuuphulliya /pʼuːpʼulːija/ | lalim /lalim/ |
| Dubu | dibi /dibi/ | dibi /dibi/ | — | tipeeta /tipeːta/ | — | beere /beːre/ | dibbi /dibbi/ |
| Farasi | farashsho /faraʃːo/ | fadhado /faɗado/ | farda /farda/ | farta /farta/ | faras /faras/ | paraa /paraː/ | faras /faras/ |
| Nyumba | mine /mine/ | mine /mine/ | mana /mana/ | tika /tika/ | qarí /ʕari/ | keettaa /keːtːaː/ | care /ʕare/ |
| Maziwa | ado /ado/ | ado /ado/ | aannan /aːnːan/ | aanna /aːnːa/ | cán /ħan/ | maatta /maːtːa/ | xan /ħan/ |
| Asali | malawo /malawo/ | malebo /malebo/ | damma /damːa/ | takma /takma/ | malab /malab/ | eessaa /eːsːaː/ | baska /baska/ |
| Chumvi | maxine /matʼine/ | maxine /matʼine/ | soogidda /soːɡidːa/ | sookitta /soːkitːa/ | qasbó /ʕasbo/ | maxiniyaa /matʼinijaː/ | mulxu /mulħu/ |
| Mvinyo | woyinete xajje /wojinete tʼadʒːe/ | woyine /wojine/ | daadhii wayinii /daːɗiː wajiniː/ | taadeta wayneeta /taːɗeta wajneːta/ | qinabak bicsen kamri /ʕinabak biħsen kamri/ | woine eessa /woine eːsːa/ | wayni /wajni/ |
| Mchele | ruuze /ruːze/ | — | ruuzii /ruːziː/ | — | rúddi /rudːi/ | ruuziya /ruːzija/ | — |
| Chokoleti | chokkoleete /tʃokːoleːte/ | chokkoleete | chekoleetii | — | — | — | — |
| Chuma | siwiila /siwiːla/ | sibiljo /sibildʒo/ | sibiila /sibiːla/ | sipla /sipla/ | birta /birta/ | birataa /birataː/ | birit /birit/ |
| Gurudumu | qale /kʼale/ | mole /mole/ | geengoo /ɡeːnɡoː/ | — | — | irzzuwaa /irzːuwaː/ | — |
| Hariri | shalaala /ʃalaːla/ | — | arrii /arːiː/ | — | — | — | — |
| Kitabu | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ | kitaaba /kitaːba/ | mataafa /mataːfa/ | kitab /kitab/ | maxaafaa /matʼaːfaː/ | kitaab /kitaːb/ |
| Kula | ita /ita/ | ita /ita/ | nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ | ɗamiyaa /ɗamijaː/ | akmé /akme/ | miya /miːja/ | niitan /niːtan/ |
| Kunywa | aga /aɡa/ | haʼwa /haʔwa/ | dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ | ikiyaa /ikijaː/ | ooqobé /oːʕobe/ | uyiya /ujija/ | yaaqab /jaːʕab/ |
| Kulala | goxa /ɡotʼa/ | diipha /diːpʼa/ | rafuu /rafuː/ | — | xiiné /ɖiːne/ | xiskkiya /tʼiskːija/ | dhin /ɖin/ |
| Moja | mitto /mitːo/ | mitto /mitːo/ | tokko /tokːo/ | takka /takːa/ | iník /inik/ | issuwa /isːuwa/ | inki /inki/ |
| Mbili | lame /lame/ | lame /lame/ | lama /lama/ | lakki /lakːi/ | nammáy /namːaj/ | naaʼʼa /naːʔːa/ | lamma /lamma/ |
| Tatu | sase /sase/ | sase /sase/ | sadii /sadiː/ | sessa /sesːa/ | sidóc /sidoħ/ | heezza /heːzːa/ | adox /adoħ/ |
| Nne | shoole /ʃoːle/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | ferey /ferej/ | oydda /ʔoidːa/ | afar /afar/ |
| Tano | onte /onte/ | onde /onde/ | shan /ʃan/ | ken /ken/ | konoy /konoj/ | ichchasha /itʃːaʃa/ | koon /koːn/ |
| Mia | xibbe /tʼibːe/ | dhibba /ɗibːa/ | dhibba /ɗibba/ | dippa /ɗipːa/ | bool /boːl/ | xeeta /tʼeːta/ | bool /boːl/ |
| Habari | nagaa yiʼne /naɡaː jiʔne/ | mooye /moːje/ | akkam /akːam/ | nakayta /nakajta/ | nagá /naɡa/ | saro /saro/ | malaal /malaːl/ |
| Asante | maganu oohe /maɡanu oːhe/ | galaata /ɡalaːta/ | galatoomi /ɡalatoːmi/ | kalata /kalata/ | qungúsa /ʕuŋɡusa/ | galatay /ɡalataj/ | galatto /ɡalatto/ |
| Nzuri | dancha /dantʃa/ | elo /elo/ | gaarii /ɡaːriː/ | paxaara /paχaːra/ | meqé /meʕe/ | loʼo /loʔo/ | mece /meʕe/ |
| Mpya | haaro /haːro/ | haaro /haːro/ | haaraa /haːraː/ | haraya /haraja/ | qusbá /ʕusba/ | ooratta /oːratːa/ | cusub /ʕusub/ |
| Nyekundu | duume /duːme/ | diimmo /diːmːo/ | diimaa /diːmaː/ | tiima /tiːma/ | qasá /ʕasa/ | zoʼo /zoʔo/ | casa /ʕasa/ |
| Nyeupe | waajjo /waːdʒːo/ | golalo /ɡolalo/ | adii /adiː/ | ata /ata/ | qado /ʕado/ | bootta /boːtːa/ | cado /ʕado/ |
| Nyeusi | kolishsho /koliʃːo/ | xillo /tʼilːo/ | gurraacha /ɡurːaːtʃaː/ | poora /poːra/ | datá /data/ | karetta /karetːa/ | dat /dat/ |
| Kijani | hanja /handʒa/ | haanja /haːndʒa/ | magariisa /maɡariːsa/ | ilaawa /ilaːwa/ | anxaxiní /anɖaɖini/ | — | andharh /anɖaɽ/ |
| Chai | shae /ʃae/ | — | shaayii /ʃaːjiː/ | — | shaahí /ʃaːhi/ | shayiya /ʃajija/ | — |
| Kahawa | buna /buna/ | — | buna /buna/ | punitta /punitːa/ | buna /buna/ | tukkiya /tukːija/ | qaxwa /qaħwa/ |
| Sukari | sukkaare /sukːaːre/ | — | sukkaara /sukːaːra/ | — | sokkár /sokːar/ | — | — |
| Chungwa | burtukaane /burtukaːne/ | — | birtukaanii /birtukaːniː/ | — | burtukán /burtukan/ | — | — |
| 99 | honsayina honse /honsajina honse/ | sallane tommenna sallane /salːane tomːenːa salːane/ | sagaltamii sagal /saɡaltamiː saɡal/ | — | sagla taban kee sagaal /saɡla taban keː saɡaːl/ | uddufun tammanne uddufuna /udːufun tamːanːe udːufuna/ | — |
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