Vāx
Kiwa
Kiaustroasia (Palaungic)
Wa (Vāx) ni lugha kubwa zaidi ya Kipalaungiki na lugha kuu ya Jimbo la Wa lililo huru kwa hakika katika Myanmar. Si lugha ya toni (jambo lisilo la kawaida kwa eneo hili), ikiwa na makundi tajiri ya konsonanti na silabi za mwisho zenye kituo cha glota. Inahusiana kwa karibu na Lawa, De'ang, na Bulang.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiwa
Vyanzo
- Wa Bible, Wa Common Language Translation (bible.com version 325 WCL), spelling of every cell; Justin Watkins 2013, Dictionary of Wa, with translations into English, Burmese and Chinese (Leiden: Brill; online database, SOAS Wa Dictionary Project, humancomp.org/wadict), glosses and IPA (its "Wa-MM" headwords = the Bible orthography, colons aside)
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kiaustroasia (Palaungic)
| Maana | Kiwa | Kiparauk Wa | Kilawa cha Mashariki | Kikhmu | Kide'ang cha Rumai | Proto-Austroasia | Kishwepalaung |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | rawm /rɔm/ | rom /rɔm/ | lʼauem /lᵊʔaɨ̯m/ | ʔom /ʔom/ | Ɂəm /ʔəm/ | *ɗaːk /ɗaːk/ | ʔoːm /ʔoːm/ |
| Moto | ngu /ŋu/ | ngū /ŋṳ/ | ngoa /ŋɔ/ | pʰrɨə /pʰrɨə/ | ŋaiɁ /ŋaiʔ/ | *ʔuːs /ʔuːs/ | ŋər /ŋar/ |
| Jua | singaix /siŋaiʔ/ | si ngāix /siŋa̤iʔ/ | sngaiʼ /sᵊŋajˀ/ | mat briʔ /mat briʔ/ | saŋaj /saŋaj/ | *tŋiːʔ /tŋiːʔ/ | səŋi /saŋiː/ |
| Mwezi | khix /kʰiʔ/ | kix /kʰiʔ/ | kheʼ /kʰeʔ/ | moŋ /moŋ/ | pakjəː /pakjəː/ | *khe(ː)ʔ /kheːʔ/ | plaŋ kiər /plaŋ kiər/ |
| Nyota | simuing /simʔuɲ/ | sim uing /sim ʔuɲ/ | sboeng /sᵊɓəŋ/ | sərmeɲ /sərmeɲ/ | laːw /laːw/ | *smʔaɲ /smʔaɲ/ | səmiŋ /səmiŋ/ |
| Usiku | ponsawm /ponsɔm/ | som /sɔm/ | ma sauem /ma saɨ̯m/ | psɨəm /psɨəm/ | kasəm /kasəm/ | *cəːm /cəːm/ | hmɯ /m̥ɯ/ |
| Mvua | lhiex /l̥ɛʔ/ | hliex /lʰɛʔ/ | hlaiʼ /l̥ajˀ/ | kəmaʔ /kəmaʔ/ | klaːj /klaːj/ | *gmaʔ /ɡmaʔ/ | ɟuŋ /ɟuŋ/ |
| Theluji | rhax /r̥aʔ/ | hra /rʰa/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Upepo | bhaung /bʰaɯŋ/ | npaeng /bʰaɯŋ/ | kaue /kaɨ̯/ | hndrəːj /hndrəːj/ | khuː /kʰuː/ | *kjɔʔ /kjɔʔ/ | khuːr /kʰuːr/ |
| Udongo | tiex /tɛʔ/ | diex /tɛʔ/ | — | pteʔ /pteʔ/ | kataːj /kataːj/ | *tiʔ /tiʔ/ | kəɗɛː /kəɗɛː/ |
| Jiwe | simaox /simauʔ/ | si māox /sima̤uʔ/ | smoʼ /sᵊmoʔ/ | glaŋ /ɡlaŋ/ | maːw /maːw/ | *tmɔʔ /tmɔʔ/ | mo /mo/ |
| Mlima | gawng /ɡɔŋ/ | mgōng /ɡɔ̤ŋ/ | moa /mɔ/ | mok /mok/ | kɔŋ /kɔŋ/ | *bruʔ /bruʔ/ | sor /sor/ |
| Bahari | rawm sigrit sigra /rɔm siɡrit siɡra/ | rom si mgrid si mgra /rɔm siɡrit siɡra/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mama | miex /mɛʔ/ | mīex /mɛ̤ʔ/ | maʼ /maʔ/ | maʔ /maʔ/ | — /—/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | ma /ma/ |
| Baba | keeing /kɯɲ/ | geeing /kɯɲ/ | pueaʼ /pɨaʔ/ | joŋ /joŋ/ | — /—/ | *ɓa(ː)ʔ /ɓaːʔ/ | kun /kun/ |
| Binti | kawn bun /kɔn bun/ | gon nbun /kɔn bun/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mimi | aux /ʔaɯʔ/ | aex /ʔaɯʔ/ | ʔoʔ /ʔoʔ/ | oʔ /ʔoʔ/ | Ɂaw /ʔaw/ | *ʔaɲ /ʔaɲ/ | ʔɔ /ʔɔ/ |
| Wewe | maix /maiʔ/ | maix /maiʔ/ | maiʔ /maiʔ/ | meʔ /meʔ/ | maj /maj/ | *miːʔ /miːʔ/ | mi /miː/ |
| Sisi | ix /ʔiʔ/ | eix / ix /ʔeʔ / ʔiʔ/ | ʔɛ /ʔɛ/ | iʔ /ʔiʔ/ | — /—/ | *hiːʔ /hiːʔ/ | ʔɛ / jɛ /ʔɛ / jɛ/ |
| Jina | ceu kaux /tɕɤ kaɯʔ/ | jē gaex /tɕɤ̤ kaɯʔ/ | yum /jɔm/ | sŋməh /sŋməh/ | ʨɨː /tɕɨː/ | *ɟmuh /ɟmuh/ | ʨɨː /ʨɨː/ |
| Mtu | pui /pui/ | būi /pṳi/ | pui /puj/ | gon /ɡon/ | taɁiː /taʔiː/ | *m-raʔ /mraʔ/ | bi /bi/ |
| Kichwa | kaing: /kaɲ/ | gaing /kaɲ/ | kany /kaɲ/ | kəmpoŋ /kəmpoŋ/ | kən /kən/ | *ɓoːkʔ /ɓoːkʔ/ | kiŋ /kiŋ/ |
| Jicho | ngai /ŋai/ | ngai /ŋai/ | ʼia /ʔia̯/ | mat /mat/ | ŋaːj /ŋaːj/ | *mat /mat/ | ŋaj /ŋaːj/ |
| Sikio | yhaok /j̊auk/ | hyaog /ʑʰauk/ | — | rəməj /rəməj/ | ʨhok /tɕʰok/ | *Ctoːr /Ctoːr/ | hjɔʔ /hjɔʔ/ |
| Pua | meeih /mɯih/ | mēeih /mɯ̤ih/ | maueh /maɨ̯h/ | muh /muh/ | kaduŋmuh /kaduŋmuh/ | *muh /muh/ | kɔŋmuh /kɔŋmuh/ |
| Mdomo | jheeh /dʑʰɯih/ | nqeeih /dʑʰɯih/ | ʼmboam /ʔᵊᵐbɔm/ | tənɔh /tənɔh/ | mojɁ /mojʔ/ | *miəŋʔ /miəŋʔ/ | mur /mur/ |
| Jino | rhang /r̥aŋ/ | hrang /rʰaŋ/ | pioeng /piə̯ŋ/ | hraŋ /hraŋ/ | xaːŋ /xaːŋ/ | *lmVɲ /lməɲ/ | hraŋ /r̥aːŋ/ |
| Ulimi | dak /dak/ | ndag /dak/ | tak /tak/ | həntak /həntak/ | sataɁ /sataʔ/ | *lntaːk /lntaːk/ | kərta /kərɗaʔ/ |
| Mkono | taix /taiʔ/ | daix /taiʔ/ | miŋ /miŋ/ | tiʔ /tiʔ/ | taiɁ /taiʔ/ | *tiːʔ /tiːʔ/ | ti /ɗiː/ |
| Mguu | caong /tʃaɔŋ/ | jāong /tɕa̤uŋ/ | cuang /cua̯ŋ/ | krwɛh /krwɛh/ | ʥɔːn /dʑɔːn/ | *ɟəːŋ /ɟəːŋ/ | ɟɯŋ /ɟɯŋ/ |
| Moyo | rhawm /r̥ɔm/ | hrom /rʰɔm/ | kavüa /kavɨa/ | tlɔːm ŋok /tlɔːm ŋok/ | poŋkanɔh /poŋkanɔh/ | *nuːɕ /nuːɕ/ | nuər /nuər/ |
| Mfupa | si-ang /siʔaŋ/ | si ang /siʔaŋ/ | sʼang /sᵊʔaŋ/ | cʼaaŋ /tʃʔaːŋ/ | kaɁaːŋ /kaʔaːŋ/ | *cʔaːŋ /cʔaːŋ/ | kəʔaŋ /kaʔaːŋ/ |
| Damu | nham /n̥am/ | hnam /nʰam/ | hnam /n̥am/ | maːm /maːm/ | n̥aːm /n̥aːm/ | *mham /mham/ | hnam /n̥aːm/ |
| Kinyesi | aing /ʔaɲ/ | aing /ʔaɲ/ | ʼioeng /ʔiə̯ŋ/ | — | — | *ʔicʔ /ʔicʔ/ | — |
| Upendo | moh /moh/ | mōuh /mo̤h/ | kruŋ /kɾuŋ/ | kɔɔh /kɔːh/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ʔoŋ /ʔoŋ/ |
| Mti | khaox /kʰauʔ/ | kaox /kʰauʔ/ | khoʼ /kʰoʔ/ | sʔɔːŋ /sʔɔːŋ/ | taŋhɔj /taŋhɔj/ | *ɟɕɨːʔ /ɟɕɨːʔ/ | tiŋ he /tiŋ he/ |
| Mbwa | sox /soʔ/ | soux /soʔ/ | souʼ /sɒʔ/ | sɔʔ /sɔʔ/ | sow /sow/ | *cɔː /cɔː/ | sɔ /sɔ/ |
| Paka | miao: /miau/ | miao /miau/ | mai /mai/ | mɛːw /mɛːw/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ʔəŋaw /ʔəŋaw/ |
| Samaki | kax /kaʔ/ | gax /kaʔ/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | kaː /kaː/ | *kaʔ /kaʔ/ | ka /kaː/ |
| Ndege | sim /sim/ | sim /sim/ | sany /saɲ/ | sim /sim/ | siːm /siːm/ | *ciːm /ciːm/ | sim /sim/ |
| Kipepeo | pung piang /puŋ piaŋ/ | būng bīang /pṳŋ pi̤aŋ/ | mbung mbang /ᵐbuŋ ᵐbaŋ/ | tlaːmpaːm /tlaːmpaːm/ | — | — | kərla /kərla/ |
| Yai | tawm ia /tɔm ʔia/ | dom /tɔm/ | toum /tɒm/ | kədoŋ /kədoŋ/ | bəːn /bəːn/ | *ktam /ktam/ | kadam /kaɗam/ |
| Dubu | krih /krih/ | grih /krih/ | khleh /kʰleh/ | huəl /huəl/ | — | — | khrer /kʰrer/ |
| Farasi | brung /bruŋ/ | nbrūng /brṳŋ/ | — | — | — | — | brəŋ /brəŋ/ |
| Nyumba | nyiex /ɲiɛʔ/ | nyīex /ɲi̤ɛʔ/ | nyueaʼ /ɲɨa̯ʔ/ | gaːŋ /ɡaːŋ/ | — /—/ | *ɲaːʔ /ɲaːʔ/ | gaŋ /ɡaŋ/ |
| Maziwa | teeh /tɯih/ | deeih /tɯih/ | — | — | — | — | ʔom bu /ʔom bu/ |
| Asali | rawm hia /rɔm hia/ | rom hia /rɔm hia/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Chumvi | kih /kih/ | gīh /ki̤h/ | kih /kih/ | hmaar /hmaːr/ | — | *ɓɔːh /ɓɔːh/ | sɔʔ /sɔʔ/ |
| Mvinyo | rawm plix siiet /rɔm pliʔ siat/ | rom blix siad /rɔm pliʔ siat/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mchele | gaox /ɡauʔ/ | mgaox /ɡauʔ/ | — | ʰŋɔʔ /ʰŋɔʔ/ | — | *rŋkoːʔ /rŋkoːʔ/ | rəko /rəko/ |
| Chuma | lhek /l̥ek/ | hleig /lʰek/ | hlaec /l̥ɛc/ | cndroh /cndroh/ | — | — | hir /hir/ |
| Gurudumu | ling: /liɲ/ | ling /liɲ/ | — | — | — | — | — /—/ |
| Hariri | pre /pre/ | man brēi /man pre̤/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kitabu | phuk lai /pʰuk lai/ | pug lāi /pʰuk la̤i/ | — | pɨːm /pɨːm/ | — | — | boʔok /boʔok/ |
| Kula | ih /ʔih/ | ih /ʔih/ | som /som/ | mah /mah/ | hoːm /hoːm/ | *ɟaː /ɟaː/ | hɔm /hɔm/ |
| Kunywa | nyaux /ɲaɯʔ/ | nyāex /ɲa̤ɯʔ/ | nyoʼ /ɲoʔ/ | ʔɨək /ʔɨək/ | ʨoŋ /tɕoŋ/ | *ɲuʔ /ɲuʔ/ | tiəŋ /tiəŋ/ |
| Kulala | it /ʔit/ | id /ʔit/ | ʼac /ʔac/ | sih /sih/ | ɁiɁ /ʔiʔ/ | *ɓic /ɓic/ | ʔit /ʔit/ |
| Moja | tix /tiʔ/ | dīx /ti̤ʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | moj /moj/ | Ɂuː /ʔuː/ | *muːj /muːj/ | ʔu /ʔu/ |
| Mbili | ra /ra/ | ra /ra/ | lʼa /lᵊʔa/ | baar /baːr/ | Ɂaː /ʔaː/ | *ɓaːr /ɓaːr/ | ʔar /ʔar/ |
| Tatu | loe /lɤ/ | loui /loi/ | lʼoi /lᵊʔoj/ | peʼ /peʔ/ | Ɂoj /ʔoj/ | *peʔ /peʔ/ | ʔuəj /ʔuaj/ |
| Nne | pon /pon/ | boun /pon/ | paueng /paɨ̯ŋ/ | pon /pon/ | phon /pʰon/ | *punʔ /punʔ/ | phon /pʰon/ |
| Tano | phuan /pʰuan/ | puan /pʰuan/ | phuan /pʰua̯n/ | — | — | *pɗam /pɗam/ | phən /pʰən/ |
| Mia | yieh /jiɛh/ | yīeh /ʑi̤ɛh/ | ʼyuea /ʔᵊjɨa̯/ | — | — | — | pəriah /pəriah/ |
| Habari | nawp nawm /nɔp nɔm/ | nob nom /nɔp nɔm/ | — /—/ | lɔh /lɔh/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Asante | bwanson /buan son/ | nbuan soun /buan son/ | kop khun /kop kʰun/ | ɔrkun /ʔɔrkun/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | mhawm /m̥ɔm/ | hmom /mʰɔm/ | mac /mac/ | ləʔ /ləʔ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | laʔ /laʔ/ |
| Mpya | khraox /kʰrauʔ/ | kraox /kʰrauʔ/ | khroʼ /kʰroʔ/ | həmmeʔ /həmmeʔ/ | tamaːj /tamaːj/ | *tmeːʔ /tmeːʔ/ | kənmɛ /kənmɛ/ |
| Nyekundu | raoh /rauh/ | raoh /rauh/ | skhrak /sᵊkʰrak/ | jim /jim/ | — /—/ | *roːŋ /roːŋ/ | kho /kʰo/ |
| Nyeupe | paing /paɲ/ | bāing /pa̤ɲ/ | ping /piŋ/ | klɔɔk /klɔːk/ | Ɂiluj /ʔiluj/ | *ɓɔːk /ɓɔːk/ | blɔʔ /blɔʔ/ |
| Nyeusi | lung /luŋ/ | lūng /lṳŋ/ | loang /lɔŋ/ | hiəŋ /hiəŋ/ | Ɂivɔŋ /ʔivɔŋ/ | *Cjoŋ /Cjoŋ/ | jim /jim/ |
| Kijani | klai /klai/ | glāi /kla̤i/ | snga /sᵊŋa/ | siw /siw/ | niɨ /niɨ/ | *kciʔ /kciʔ/ | ɲər /ɲər/ |
| Kekeo | eeppid /ʔɯp pit/ | eeb bīd /ʔɯp pi̤t/ | — | — | — | — | pək tuʔ /pək tuʔ/ |
| Chai | chax /tɕʰaʔ/ | qax /tɕʰaʔ/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kahawa | kha: feue: /kʰa fɤi/ | ka feui /kʰa fɤi/ | — | — | — | — | khəpi /kʰəpi/ |
| Sukari | nam oi: /nam ʔɔi/ | nām oi /na̤m ʔɔi/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| 99 | tixdim dim /tiʔdim dim/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Ukurasa 1/10
Fungua ramani shirikishi: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Sehemu ya LangMap — mradi wa kuonyesha lugha kwa picha. Huu ni muhtasari tuli unaoweza kutambaliwa; ramani shirikishi hutoa sauti ya matamshi, vichujio, na mwonekano wa dunia.
Imetengenezwa na Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · Mwanzo wa LangMap