Warlpiri
Kiwarlpiri
Pama-Nyunga (Ngumpin-Yapa)
Kiwarlpiri ni mojawapo ya lugha kubwa zaidi za asili nchini Australia na kwa miongoni mwa mada za masomo ya isimu ya kihistoria kuhusu mpangilio huru wa maneno, mfumo wa ergative-absolutive, na nafasi ya viambishi vya kitenzi cha msaidizi. "Lugha ya Ishara ya Warlpiri" iliyotumiwa na wanawake wakati wa msiba pia imerekodiwa.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiwarlpiri
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Pama-Nyunga (Ngumpin-Yapa)
| Maana | Kiwarlpiri | Kipintupi-Luritja | Kiwalmajarri | Kimartu Wangka | Kipitjantjatjara | Kiadnyamathanha | Kinhanda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ngapa /ŋapa/ | kapi /kapi/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | awi /awi/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Moto | warlu /waɭu/ | waru /waɻu/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɻu/ | ardrla /aʈɭa/ | warla /waɻla/ |
| Jua | wanta /wanta/ | tjintu /cintu/ | purangu /puɻaŋu/ | jirntu /ciɳʈu/ | tjintu /cintu/ | yurnrdu /juɳʈu/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ |
| Mwezi | kirntangi /kiɳʈaŋi/ | pira /piɻa/ | yakarn /jakaɳ/ | panyalpa /paɲalpa/ | pira /piɻa/ | viRa /viɹa/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ |
| Nyota | yanjilypiri /jaɲɟiʎpiɻi/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ | wirl /wiɭ/ | kurtalya /kuʈaʎa/ | kililpil /kiˈlilpil/ | vurdli /vuʈli/ | indiya /indija/ |
| Usiku | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | pukanya /pukaɲa/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | wilydya /wiʎca/ | maru /maru/ |
| Mvua | minyira /miɲiɻa/ | — | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | — | mina /ˈmina/ | warrana /warana/ | pundu /pundu/ |
| Upepo | warlpa /waɭpa/ | walpa /walpa/ | walypa /ˈwaʎpa/ | walypa /waʎpa/ | walpa /walpa/ | milyaRu /miʎaɹu/ | uudinu /uudinu/ |
| Udongo | walya /walja/ | manta /manta/ | nguwa /ˈŋuwa/ | manta /manta/ | manta /manta/ | yarta /jaʈa/ | — |
| Jiwe | pirli /piɭi/ | puḻi /puɭi/ | pamarr /ˈpamar/ | yapu /japu/ | apu /apu/ | adynya /acɲa/ | — |
| Mlima | pamarrpa /pamaɾpa/ | puḻi katu /puɭi katu/ | — | — | puḻi /ˈpuɭi/ | — | — |
| Bahari | mangkuru /maŋkuɻu/ | yuru /juɻu/ | jawurlata /ˈɟawuɭata/ | kujungurru /kucuŋuru/ | uṟu puḻka /uru puɭka/ | — | — |
| Mama | ngati /ŋati/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ | yipi /jipi/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngami /ŋami/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ |
| Baba | kirda /kiɖa/ | mama /mama/ | ngarpu /ŋaɻpu/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | vapi /vapi/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ |
| Binti | yurntalpa /juɳʈalpa/ | yuṉṯalpa /juɳʈalpa/ | kurntal /ˈkuɳʈal/ | yurntalpa /juɳʈalpa/ | uṉṯal /uɳʈal/ | — | yurdu /juɖu/ |
| Mimi | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ |
| Wewe | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nhina /n̪ina/ | nyini /ɲini/ |
| Sisi | ngalipa / nganimpa /ŋalipa / ŋanimpa/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | ngalimpa / nganimpa /ŋalimpa / ŋanimpa/ | — /—/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | ngarlpurla /ŋaɭpuɭa/ | ngayinu /ŋajinu/ |
| Jina | yirdi /jiɖi/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | ini /ini/ | mityi /mici/ | yini /jini/ |
| Mtu | yapa /japa/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ | piyirn /ˈpijiɳ/ | martu /maʈu/ | aṉangu /aɳaŋu/ | yuRa /juɹa/ | arnmanu /aɳmanu/ |
| Kichwa | jurru /ɟuru/ | kata /kata/ | jurlu /ˈɟuɭu/ | kata /kata/ | kata /kata/ | vapardrla /vapaʈɭa/ | — |
| Jicho | milpa /milpa/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mil /mil/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mina /mina/ | kuru /kuɻu/ |
| Sikio | langa /laŋa/ | pina /pina/ | pina /ˈpina/ | pina /pina/ | pina /pɪnɐ/ | yuri /juɾi/ | wurtka /wuʈka/ |
| Pua | mulyu /muʎu/ | mulya /muʎa/ | punul /ˈpunul/ | mulya /muʎa/ | mulya /ˈmulja/ | — | muttha /mut̪a/ |
| Mdomo | lirra /liɾa/ | tjaa /caː/ | — | jaa /caː/ | tjaa /caː/ | — | ngarnmanu /ŋaɳmanu/ |
| Jino | kartirdi /kaʈiɖi/ | katiti /katiti/ | lirra /lira/ | yirra /jira/ | katiti /katiti/ | ira /iɾa/ | idaji /idadʒi/ |
| Ulimi | jalanypa /ɟalaɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | jalany /ɟalaɲ/ | jarlinypa /caɭiɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | yarli /jaɭi/ | thalanyu /t̪alaɲu/ |
| Mkono | rdaka /ɖaka/ | mara /maɻa/ | kurrapa /kurapa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɾa/ | mara /maɻa/ |
| Mguu | wirliya /wiɭija/ | tjina /cina/ | jina /ˈɟina/ | jina /cina/ | tjina /cɪnɐ/ | idna /idna/ | yina /jina/ |
| Moyo | rduku-rduku /ɖukuɖuku/ | kututu /kututu/ | turlpu /ˈtuɭpu/ | kurturtu /kuʈuʈu/ | kurunpa /kuɻunpa/ | yurlk-aka /juɭkaka/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ |
| Mfupa | larrpa /laɾpa/ | tarrka /taɾka/ | kiji /kiɟi/ | tarrka /tarka/ | tarka /taɻka/ | warlpu /waɭpu/ | mambu /mambu/ |
| Damu | yalyu /jaʎu/ | milkali /milkali/ | nungu /nuŋu/ | miji /miɟi/ | milkali /milkali/ | arti /aʈi/ | nguba /ŋuba/ |
| Kinyesi | kuna /kuna/ | kuna /kuna/ | kura /ˈkuɻa/ | — | kuna /kuna/ | udna /utna/ | wuna /wuna/ |
| Upendo | yulkami /julkami/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | — /—/ | mukulyu /mukuʎu/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | ngadha-pa- /ŋat̪apa/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ |
| Mti | watiya /watija/ | punu /punu/ | mana /mana/ | warta /waʈa/ | punu /punu/ | wirti /wiʈi/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ |
| Mbwa | jarntu /ɟaɳʈu/ | papa /papa/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | wirlka /wiɭka/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ |
| Paka | mungalpa /muŋalpa/ | pusi /pusi/ | miyawu /mijawu/ | — /—/ | pusi /pusi/ | — /—/ | paka /paka/ |
| Samaki | yawu /jawu/ | piitji /piːʈi/ | kapi /kapi/ | yurta /juʈa/ | antipina /antipina/ | varru /varu/ | wiitya /wiːca/ |
| Ndege | jurlpu /ˈɟuɭpu/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ | jiriki /ˈɟiɻiki/ | pilurnpa /piluɳpa/ | tjulpu /ˈcuɭpu/ | — | — |
| Kipepeo | pinta-pinta /pintapinta/ | pintapinta /pintapinta/ | pirrpirntipirnti /pirpiɳʈipiɳʈi/ | — | pinta-pinta /pintapinta/ | arli vilhi-vilhi /aɭi vil̪i-vil̪i/ | ngaabeera /ŋaːbeːra/ |
| Yai | ngipiri /ŋipiɻi/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | kampiny /kampiɲ/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | vipi /vipi/ | — |
| Dubu | piira /piːɻa/ | piiya /piːja/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Farasi | nantuwu /nantuwu/ | naanytja /naːɲca/ | timana /ˈtimana/ | yawarta /jawaʈa/ | nyanytju /ɲaɲcu/ | — | — |
| Nyumba | yuwarli /juwaɭi/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ | mayaru /majaɻu/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | ngura /ŋuɻa/ | wardrli /waʈɭi/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ |
| Maziwa | lampurnu /lampuɳu/ | mimi /mimi/ | — | ngama /ŋama/ | ipi /ipi/ | ngama /ŋama/ | — |
| Asali | ngarlu /ŋaɭu/ | ngalypuru /ŋaʎpuɻu/ | karlaka /ˈkaɭaka/ | karluwari /kaɭuwaɻi/ | tjuratja /ˈcuɾaca/ | — | — |
| Chumvi | jarlti /ɟaɭti/ | paṉṯu /paɳʈu/ | — | juulu /cuːlu/ | tjaltu /caltu/ | — | — |
| Mvinyo | pama /pama/ | wayina /wajina/ | wayin /ˈwajin/ | wama /wama/ | waina /waina/ | — | — |
| Chuma | yayini /jajini/ | yayina /jajina/ | — | yayinpa /jajinpa/ | ayana /ajana/ | — | — |
| Gurudumu | wirli /wiɭi/ | taaya /taːja/ | — | taaya /taːja/ | wiila /wiːla/ | — | — |
| Kitabu | pipa /pipa/ | piipa /piːpa/ | — | mirlimirli /miɭimiɭi/ | nyiri /ɲiɻi/ | — | — |
| Kula | ngarni /ŋaɳi/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ | ngalku- /ŋalku/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngarlku- /ŋaɭku/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ |
| Kunywa | purrami /puɾami/ | tjikini /cikini/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ | jikirnu /cikiɳu/ | tjikini /cikini/ | yapa- /japa/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ |
| Kulala | jarda ngunami /ɟaɖa ŋunami/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ | manyan /ˈmaɲan/ | kunyalarri- /kuɲalari/ | kunkunarinyi /kuŋkunaɻiɲi/ | miya /mija/ | wuupata /wuːpata/ |
| Moja | jinta /ɟinta/ | kutju /kucu/ | layi /laji/ | kuju /kucu/ | kutju /kucu/ | ubmanaka /upmanaka/ | kuyu /kuju/ |
| Mbili | jirrama /ɟiɾama/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ | kurriny /kuriɲ/ | kujarra /kucara/ | kutjara /kucaɻa/ | alypilhanha /aʎpil̪an̪a/ | wuthada /wut̪ada/ |
| Tatu | jirrama-kari-jinta /ɟiɾamakaɾiɟinta/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ | mungkartu /muŋkaʈu/ | yurri /juri/ | maṉkurpa /maɳkuɻpa/ | urlpa-rrina /uɭparina/ | marnngurdu /maɳŋuɖu/ |
| Nne | jirrama-kari-jirrama-kari /ɟiɾamakaɾiɟiɾamakaɾi/ | puupala /puːpala/ | — | puu /puː/ | kutjara kutjara /kucaɻa kucaɻa/ | — | — |
| Tano | rdaka-pala /ɖakapala/ | payipala /pajipala/ | — | payip /pajip/ | kutjara maṉkurpa /kucaɻa maɳkuɻpa/ | — | — |
| Habari | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | ngurrju /ŋuɾɟu/ | palya /paʎa/ | wulyu /wuʎu/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | warnrdu /waɳʈu/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ |
| Mpya | jalangu-warnu /ɟalaŋuwaɳu/ | kuwarritja /kuwaɾica/ | jalangjalang /ˈɟalaŋɟalaŋ/ | jalykarra /caʎkara/ | nyuwana /ɲuwana/ | marra /mara/ | — |
| Nyekundu | yalyu-yalyu /jaʎujaʎu/ | yulpa /julpa/ | ngirljarti /ŋiɭɟaʈi/ | miji-miji /miɟimiɟi/ | tjitintjitinpa /tʃitintʃitinpa/ | yalhdhatyi /jal̪t̪aci/ | marniwidi /maɳiwidi/ |
| Nyeupe | kardirri /kaɖiɾi/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | parpjarti /ˈpaɻpɟaɻti/ | ngintarlpa /ŋintaɭpa/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | upa /upa/ | wilidi /wilidi/ |
| Nyeusi | kirdily /kiɖiʎ/ | maru /maɻu/ | kurnkurn /kuɳkuɳ/ | — | maṟu /maɻu/ | — | — |
| Kijani | yukuri-yukuri /jukuɻijukuɻi/ | kuriinwana /kuɻiːnwana/ | — | yukuri-yukuri /jukuɻijukuɻi/ | ukiṟi-ukiṟi /ukiɻiukiɻi/ | — | — |
| Buluu | yukuri-yukuri /jukuɻijukuɻi/ | puluuwana /puluːwana/ | — | maru-maru /maɻumaɻu/ | puluwana /puluwana/ | unarru /unaru/ | — |
| Sukari | juka /ɟuka/ | tjuuka /cuːka/ | walyarra /ˈwaʎara/ | — | — | — | — |
Ukurasa 1/9
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