Corsu
Corsican
Romance (Italo-Dalmatian)
Corsican (Corsu) is an Italo-Romance language with ~150K speakers — primary regional language of Corsica (France) plus Sardinia's northern Maddalena Archipelago and Gallura (Sassarese-related dialects). Closer to Tuscan-Italian than to Sardinian (with which it shares only geography), with three main dialects: Northern (Cismonte) closer to Tuscan, Southern (Pumonte) more conservative, and Sardinian-Corsican Gallurese as an intermediate. The 1768 sale of Corsica from Genoa to France brought a slow shift toward French; Corsican gained regional protection only in 1991 with the creation of the Collectivité Territoriale de Corse, and a co-official-language proposal failed in the French Constitutional Court 2014. UNESCO classifies as definitely endangered. Cultural revival through paghjella polyphonic singing (UNESCO heritage 2009) and Riacquistu literary movement since the 1970s.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Corsican
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Romance (Italo-Dalmatian)
| Meaning | Corsican | Dante-era Italian | Sicilian | Italian | Venetian | Neapolitan | Sardinian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | acqua /ˈakwa/ | acqua /ˈakːwa/ | acqua /ˈakkwa/ | acqua /ˈakkwa/ | aqua /ˈakwa/ | acqua /ˈakkwə/ | abba /abba/ |
| Fire | focu /ˈfɔku/ | foco /ˈfɔko/ | focu /ˈfɔku/ | fuoco /ˈfwɔːko/ | fogo /ˈfoɡo/ | fuoco /ˈfwɔkə/ | fogu /foɣu/ |
| Sun | sole /ˈsɔle/ | sole /ˈsole/ | suli /ˈsuli/ | sole /ˈsoːle/ | sol /sol/ | sole /ˈsolə/ | sole /sole/ |
| Moon | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluːna/ | łuna /ˈuna/ | luna /ˈlunə/ | luna /luna/ |
| Star | stella /ˈstella/ | stella /ˈstella/ | stidda /ˈstɪɖːa/ | stella /ˈstɛlla/ | stela /ˈstela/ | stella /ˈstellə/ | isteddu /isˈteɖɖu/ |
| Night | notte /ˈnɔtːe/ | notte /ˈnotte/ | notti /ˈnɔtti/ | notte /ˈnɔtte/ | note /ˈnɔte/ | notte /ˈnɔttə/ | notte /ˈnɔtːe/ |
| Rain | pioggia /ˈpjɔdʒa/ | piova /ˈpjɔːva/ | chiuvuta /kjuˈvuta/ | pioggia /ˈpjɔddʒa/ | piova /ˈpjɔva/ | chiòve /ˈkjɔːvə/ | proja /ˈproja/ |
| Snow | neve /ˈneve/ | neve /ˈneve/ | nivi /ˈniːvi/ | neve /neːve/ | neve /neve/ | neve /ˈneːvə/ | nie /nie/ |
| Wind | ventu /ˈventu/ | vento /ˈvɛnto/ | ventu /ˈvɛntu/ | vento /ˈvento/ | vento /ˈvento/ | viento /ˈvjendə/ | bentu /ˈbɛntu/ |
| Earth | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | tera /ˈtɛra/ | terra /ˈtɛrːə/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ |
| Stone | petra /ˈpɛtra/ | pietra /ˈpjɛtra/ | petra /ˈpɛːtra/ | pietra /ˈpjɛːtra/ | piera /ˈpjɛra/ | preta /ˈprɛtə/ | pedra /ˈpedra/ |
| Mountain | muntagna /munˈtaɲɲa/ | montagna /monˈtaɲɲa/ | muntagna /munˈtaɲɲa/ | montagna /monˈtaɲːa/ | montagna /monˈtaɲa/ | muntagna /munˈdaɲːə/ | monte /ˈmɔnte/ |
| Sea | mare /ˈmare/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mari /ˈmari/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mar /mar/ | mare /ˈmarə/ | mare /ˈmaɾe/ |
| Mother | mamma /ˈmamma/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | matri /ˈmatri/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mamma /ˈmammə/ | mama /mama/ |
| Father | babbu /ˈbabːu/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | patri /ˈpatri/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | pare /pare/ | pate /ˈpatə/ | babbu /babbu/ |
| Daughter | figliola /fiʎˈʎola/ | figlia /ˈfiʎʎa/ | figghia /ˈfiɟɟa/ | figlia /ˈfiʎʎa/ | fioła /ˈfjɔe̯a/ | figlia /ˈfiʎʎə/ | fiza /ˈfidza/ |
| I | eiu /ˈɛju/ | io /ˈio/ | iu /ju/ | io /ˈio/ | mi /mi/ | io /ˈiːə/ | deo /ˈdɛo/ |
| You | tù /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | ti /ti/ | tu /tu/ | tue /ˈtue/ |
| We | noi /ˈnoi/ | noi /ˈnoi/ | nuàutri /nuˈawtri/ | noi /noi/ | noaltri /noˈaltri/ | nuje /ˈnujə/ | nois /ˈnois/ |
| Name | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnoːme/ | nomu /ˈnɔmu/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nomme /ˈnommə/ | nòmine /ˈnɔmine/ |
| Person | persona /perˈsona/ | persona /perˈsona/ | pirsuna /pirˈsuna/ | persona /perˈsona/ | persona /perˈsona/ | perzona /perˈtsonə/ | persone /perˈsɔne/ |
| Head | capu /ˈkapu/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ | tèsta /ˈtɛsta/ | capa /ˈkapə/ | conca /ˈkoŋka/ |
| Eye | ochju /ˈɔcu/ | occhio /ˈɔkːjo/ | occhiu /ˈɔkkju/ | occhio /ˈɔkkjo/ | ocio /ɔtʃo/ | uocchio /ˈwɔkkjə/ | ogru /ˈoɣru/ |
| Ear | arechja /aˈrɛca/ | orecchio /oˈrɛkkjo/ | aricchia /aˈrikkja/ | orecchio /oˈrekkjo/ | récia /ˈretʃa/ | 'recchia /ˈrɛkkjə/ | origa /ɔˈɾiɡa/ |
| Nose | nasu /ˈnazu/ | naso /ˈnaso/ | nasu /ˈnaːsu/ | naso /ˈnaːzo/ | naxo /ˈnazo/ | naso /ˈnaːsə/ | nasu /ˈnazu/ |
| Mouth | bocca /ˈbɔkka/ | bocca /ˈbokka/ | vucca /ˈvukka/ | bocca /ˈbokka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | vocca /ˈvokkə/ | bucca /ˈbukka/ |
| Tooth | dente /ˈdɛnte/ | dente /ˈdente/ | denti /ˈdɛnti/ | dente /ˈdɛnte/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dente /ˈdɛntə/ | dente /ˈdente/ |
| Tongue | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈlinɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | léngua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | lengua /ˈlɛŋɡwə/ | limba /ˈlimba/ |
| Hand | manu /ˈmanu/ | mano /ˈmano/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | mano /ˈmaːno/ | man /man/ | mano /ˈmanə/ | manu /manu/ |
| Foot | pede /ˈpɛde/ | piede /ˈpjɛde/ | pedi /ˈpɛdi/ | piede /ˈpjɛde/ | pìe /ˈpie/ | pere /ˈpɛːrə/ | pei /pei/ |
| Heart | core /ˈkɔre/ | core /ˈkɔre/ | cori /ˈkɔri/ | cuore /ˈkwɔːre/ | cor /kɔr/ | core /ˈkorə/ | core /kore/ |
| Bone | ossu /ˈɔssu/ | osso /ˈɔsːo/ | ossu /ˈɔssu/ | osso /ˈɔsso/ | oso /ˈɔso/ | uosso /ˈwɔssə/ | ossu /ˈossu/ |
| Blood | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangu /ˈsaŋɡu/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sango /ˈsaŋɡə/ | sàmbene /ˈsambene/ |
| Poop | caca /ˈkaka/ | merda /ˈmɛrda/ | cacca /ˈkakka/ | cacca /ˈkakka/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | cacca /ˈkakːə/ | cacca /ˈkakka/ |
| Love | amore /aˈmɔre/ | amore /aˈmore/ | amuri /aˈmuri/ | amore /aˈmoːre/ | amor /amor/ | ammore /amˈmorə/ | amore /amore/ |
| Tree | arburu /ˈarburu/ | albero /ˈalbero/ | àrbulu /ˈarbulu/ | albero /ˈalbero/ | àlbaro /ˈalbaro/ | àrvero /ˈarvərə/ | àrbure /ˈarbure/ |
| Dog | cane /ˈkane/ | cane /ˈkane/ | cani /ˈkani/ | cane /ˈkaːne/ | can /kaŋ/ | cane /ˈkanə/ | cane /kane/ |
| Cat | ghjattu /ˈɟattu/ | gatto /ˈɡatːo/ | jattu /ˈjattu/ | gatto /ˈɡatto/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | jatto /ˈjattə/ | gattu /ɡattu/ |
| Fish | pesciu /ˈpeʃu/ | pesce /ˈpeʃʃe/ | pisci /ˈpiʃi/ | pesce /ˈpeʃʃe/ | pesse /ˈpese/ | pesce /ˈpeʃʃə/ | pische /ˈpiske/ |
| Bird | uccellu /utˈtʃɛllu/ | uccello /utˈtʃɛlːo/ | aceddu /aˈtʃɛɖːu/ | uccello /utˈtʃɛllo/ | oxeło /oˈzeo/ | auciello /auˈtʃiɛllə/ | puzone /puˈdzone/ |
| Butterfly | farfalla /farˈfalla/ | farfalla /farˈfalla/ | parpagghiuni /parpaɟˈɟuni/ | farfalla /farˈfalla/ | pavegia /paˈvedʒa/ | palomma /paˈlommə/ | cabagasu /kaβaˈɣazu/ |
| Egg | ovu /ˈɔvu/ | uovo /ˈwɔːvo/ | ovu /ˈɔvu/ | uovo /ˈwɔːvo/ | vovo /ˈvɔvo/ | uovo /ˈuːovə/ | ou /ˈou/ |
| Bear | orsu /ˈorsu/ | orso /ˈorso/ | ursu /ˈursu/ | orso /ˈorso/ | orso /ˈorso/ | urzo /ˈurtsə/ | ursu /ˈursu/ |
| Horse | cavallu /kaˈvallu/ | cavallo /kaˈvallo/ | cavaddu /kaˈvaɖːu/ | cavallo /kaˈvallo/ | caval /kaˈval/ | cavallo /kaˈvallə/ | cabaddu /kaˈbaɖɖu/ |
| House | casa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkaːsa/ | caxa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkasə/ | domo /domo/ |
| Milk | latte /ˈlatte/ | latte /ˈlatte/ | latti /ˈlatti/ | latte /ˈlatte/ | late /ˈlate/ | latte /ˈlattə/ | latte /ˈlatte/ |
| Honey | mele /ˈmɛle/ | miele /ˈmjɛːle/ | meli /ˈmɛli/ | miele /ˈmjɛːle/ | miel /mjɛl/ | mèle /ˈmɛːlə/ | mele /ˈmɛle/ |
| Salt | sale /ˈsale/ | sale /ˈsale/ | sali /ˈsali/ | sale /ˈsale/ | sal /sal/ | sale /ˈsalə/ | sale /ˈsale/ |
| Wine | vinu /ˈvinu/ | vino /ˈvino/ | vinu /ˈvinu/ | vino /ˈvino/ | vin /viŋ/ | vino /ˈvinə/ | binu /ˈbinu/ |
| Rice | risu /ˈrizu/ | — | risu /ˈrizu/ | riso /ˈriːzo/ | rixo /ˈrizo/ | riso /ˈrisə/ | risu /ˈrizu/ |
| Chocolate | cicculata /tʃikkuˈlata/ | — | cicculatti /tʃikkuˈlatti/ | cioccolato /tʃokkoˈlaːto/ | ciocolata /tʃokoˈlata/ | ciucculata /tʃukkuˈlatə/ | ciculata /tʃikuˈlata/ |
| Iron | ferru /ˈfɛrru/ | ferro /ˈfɛrro/ | ferru /ˈfɛrru/ | ferro /ˈfɛrro/ | fero /ˈfɛro/ | fierro /ˈfjɛrrə/ | ferru /ˈferru/ |
| Wheel | rota /ˈrɔta/ | rota /ˈrɔta/ | rota /ˈrɔːta/ | ruota /ˈrwɔta/ | roda /ˈrɔda/ | rota /ˈrɔːtə/ | roda /ˈroda/ |
| Silk | seta /ˈseta/ | — | sita /ˈsita/ | seta /ˈseːta/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seta /ˈsetə/ | seda /ˈsɛða/ |
| Book | libru /ˈlibru/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libbru /ˈlibbru/ | libro /ˈliːbro/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libbro /ˈlibbərə/ | libru /ˈliβɾu/ |
| Eat | manghjà /manˈɟa/ | mangiare /manˈdʒare/ | manciari /manˈtʃari/ | mangiare /manˈdʒaːre/ | magnàr /maˈɲar/ | mangià /manˈdʒa/ | mandigare /mandiɡare/ |
| Drink | beie /ˈbeje/ | bevere /ˈbevere/ | vìviri /ˈviviri/ | bere /ˈbeːre/ | bévar /ˈbevar/ | vevere /ˈvevərə/ | bìere /ˈbiere/ |
| Sleep | durmì /durˈmi/ | dormire /dorˈmire/ | dòrmiri /ˈdɔrmɪrɪ/ | dormire /dorˈmiːre/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | durmì /durˈmiː/ | dormire /dorˈmire/ |
| One | unu /ˈunu/ | uno /ˈuno/ | unu /ˈunu/ | uno /ˈuːno/ | un /un/ | uno /ˈunə/ | unu /unu/ |
| Two | dui /ˈdui/ | due /ˈduːe/ | dui /ˈduɪ/ | due /ˈdue/ | do /do/ | duje /ˈduːjə/ | duos /ˈduɔs/ |
| Three | trè /trɛ/ | tre /tre/ | tri /tri/ | tre /tre/ | tre /tre/ | tre /trɛ/ | tres /tres/ |
| Four | quattru /ˈkwatːru/ | quattro /ˈkwatːro/ | quattru /ˈkwattru/ | quattro /ˈkwattro/ | quatro /ˈkwatro/ | quatto /ˈkwattə/ | bator /ˈbattor/ |
| Five | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | cincu /ˈtʃiŋku/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | sìnque /ˈsiŋkwe/ | cinche /ˈtʃiŋkə/ | chimbe /ˈkimbe/ |
| Hundred | centu /ˈtʃɛntu/ | cento /ˈtʃɛnto/ | centu /ˈtʃɛntu/ | cento /ˈtʃɛnto/ | sento /ˈsento/ | ciento /ˈtʃjentə/ | chentu /ˈkentu/ |
| Hello | salute /saˈlute/ | salute /saˈlute/ | salutamu /salutamu/ | ciao /ˈtʃaːo/ | ciao /tʃao/ | uè /wɛ/ | salude /salude/ |
| Thank you | grazie /ˈɡratsje/ | mercede /merˈtʃede/ | grazii /ˈɡrattsii/ | grazie /ˈɡrattsje/ | grassie /ɡrasje/ | grazie /ˈɡratsjə/ | gràtzias /ˈɡrattsjas/ |
| Good | bonu /ˈbɔnu/ | buono /ˈbwɔno/ | bonu /ˈbɔnu/ | buono /ˈbwɔːno/ | bon /bon/ | buono /ˈbwɔnə/ | bonu /bonu/ |
| New | novu /ˈnɔvu/ | novo /ˈnɔvo/ | novu /ˈnɔvu/ | nuovo /ˈnwɔːvo/ | novo /ˈnovo/ | nuovo /ˈnwɔvə/ | nou /ˈnou/ |
| Red | rossu /ˈrossu/ | rosso /ˈrosso/ | russu /ˈrussu/ | rosso /ˈrosso/ | róso /ˈroso/ | russo /ˈrussə/ | ruju /ˈruːju/ |
| White | biancu /ˈbjaŋku/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | biancu /ˈbjaŋku/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | janco /ˈjaŋkə/ | biancu /ˈbjaŋku/ |
| Black | neru /ˈneru/ | nero /ˈnero/ | nìuru /ˈniuru/ | nero /ˈnero/ | negro /ˈneɡro/ | niro /ˈnirə/ | nieddu /ˈnieddu/ |
| Green | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ | virdi /ˈvɪrdɪ/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverdə/ | birde /ˈbirde/ |
| Blue | turchinu /turˈkinu/ | — | azzolu /adˈdzɔlu/ | blu /blu/ | — | — | biaittu /bjaˈittu/ |
| Cuckoo | cuccu /ˈkukku/ | cucco /ˈkukko/ | cuccu /ˈkukku/ | cuculo /ˈkuːkulo/ | cucù /kuˈku/ | cucù /kuˈku/ | cucu /ˈkuku/ |
| Computer | urdinatore /urdinaˈtore/ | abbaco /abˈbaːko/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | computer /komˈpjutə/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | tonnina /tonˈniːna/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
| Tea | tè /tɛ/ | — | tè /tɛ/ | tè /tɛ/ | tè /tɛ/ | tè /tɛ/ | te /te/ |
| Coffee | caffè /kafˈfɛ/ | — | cafè /kaˈfɛ/ | caffè /kafˈfɛ/ | cafè /kaˈfɛ/ | cafè /kaˈfɛ/ | cafè /kaˈfɛ/ |
| Sugar | zuccheru /ˈdzukkeru/ | — | zuccuru /ˈtsukkuru/ | zucchero /ˈdzukkero/ | sùcaro /ˈsukaro/ | zùccaro /ˈtsukkərə/ | tzùcaru /ˈtsukaru/ |
| Orange | aranciu /aˈrantʃu/ | arancia /aˈrantʃa/ | aranciu /aˈrantʃu/ | arancia /aˈrantʃa/ | naranza /naˈraŋsa/ | arancia /aˈrantʃə/ | aranzu /aˈrandzu/ |
| Ninety-nine | nuvanta nove /nuˈvanta ˈnɔve/ | — | novantanovi /nɔvantaˈnɔvi/ | novantanove /novantaˈnove/ | novantanove /novantaˈnove/ | nuvantanove /nuvantaˈnɔvə/ | — |
| At sign | ciuvodda /tʃuˈvɔɖɖa/ | — | — | chiocciola /ˈkjɔttʃola/ | — | — | — |
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