Schweizer Hochdeutsch
Swiss Standard German
Germanic
Swiss Standard German (Schweizer Hochdeutsch) is the formal written standard of German used in German-speaking Switzerland (~5M people) — distinct from the Alemannic dialect (Swiss German, gsw) of everyday speech. One of the three national standard varieties of German, it omits the letter ß (writing ss), is more monophthongal, has a typically alveolar or uvular r, and carries French/Italian loanwords (Velo 'bicycle', Billett 'ticket').
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Swiss Standard German
Sources
- en.wiktionary German lemmas; Duden Aussprachewörterbuch / Ammon et al. 2004, Variantenwörterbuch des Deutschen (Swiss Standard variants: -ig [ɪk], Kaffee, ss for ß) — general references, not consulted this round; Hove, Ingrid 2002, Die Aussprache der Standardsprache in der deutschen Schweiz (voiceless s, r)
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Germanic
| Meaning | Swiss Standard German | Luther-era German | Austrian German | Luxembourgish German | German | East Franconian | Pennsylvania German |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | Wasser /ˈvasər/ | Wasser /ˈvasːər/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasːə/ | Wasser /vasər/ |
| Fire | Feuer /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ | Fewr /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ | Feuer /fɔɪɐ/ | Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ | Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ | Feier /faɪɐ/ | Feier /faɪər/ |
| Sun | Sonne /ˈsɔnə/ | Sonne /ˈzɔnə/ | Sonne /sɔnə/ | Sonne /zɔnə/ | Sonne /zɔnə/ | Sunn /sʊn/ | Sunn /sʊn/ |
| Moon | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Maa /maː/ | Muun /muːn/ |
| Star | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ | Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Schteern /ʃteːrn/ |
| Night | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ |
| Rain | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ | Regen /ˈreːɡn̩/ | Regen /ˈʁeːɡn̩/ | Regen /ˈʁeːɡn̩/ | — | Regge /ˈrɛɡə/ |
| Snow | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ |
| Wind | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnd/ | Wind /vɪnd/ |
| Earth | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Erd /ɛɐd/ | Erd /ɛrd/ |
| Stone | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | — | Schtee /ʃteː/ |
| Mountain | Berg /bɛrk/ | Berg /bɛrk/ | Berg /bɛɐk/ | Berg /bɛʁk/ | Berg /bɛʁk/ | — | Barig /ˈbarɪç/ |
| Sea | Meer /meːr/ | Meer /meːr/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | — | See /seː/ |
| Mother | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Mudder /mʊdɐ/ | Mudder /mʊdər/ |
| Father | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ | Vater /ˈfaːtɐ/ | Vater /faːtɐ/ | Vater /faːtɐ/ | Vadder /fadɐ/ | Daadi /daːdi/ |
| Daughter | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtɐ/ | Tochter /tɔxtɐ/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtɐ/ | Dochder /dɔxdɐ/ | Dochder /dɔxdər/ |
| I | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | i /i/ | ich /ɪç/ |
| You | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /du/ | du /du/ |
| We | wir /viːr/ | wir /viːr/ | wir /viːɐ/ | wir /viːɐ̯/ | wir /viːɐ̯/ | mir /miɐ/ | mir /miːɐ̯/ |
| Name | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Nama /ˈnamɐ/ | Naame /ˈnɔːmə/ |
| Person | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | — | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ |
| Head | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Heubt /hɔɪ̯pt/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | — | Kopp /kɔp/ |
| Eye | Auge /ˈaʊɡə/ | Aug /aʊk/ | Auge /ˈaʊ̯ɡə/ | Auge /aʊ̯ɡə/ | Auge /aʊ̯ɡə/ | Aach /aːx/ | Aag /ɔːk/ |
| Ear | Ohr /oːr/ | Ohr /oːr/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Ohr /oːɐ/ | Ohr /oːr/ |
| Nose | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | — | Naas /nɔːs/ |
| Mouth | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | — | Maul /maʊl/ |
| Tooth | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zah /tsaː/ | Zaah /tsɔː/ |
| Tongue | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zung /tsuŋ/ | Zung /tsuŋ/ |
| Hand | Hand /hant/ | Handt /hant/ | Hand /hɑnt/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hand/ | Hand /hant/ |
| Foot | Fuss /fuːs/ | Fus /fuːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuuss /fuːs/ |
| Heart | Herz /hɛrts/ | Hertz /hɛrts/ | Herz /hɛɐts/ | Herz /hɛʁts/ | Herz /hɛʁts/ | Herz /hɛrts/ | Hatz /hats/ |
| Bone | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Bein /baɪn/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knocha /ˈknɔxɐ/ | Gnoche /ˈɡnoxə/ |
| Blood | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːd/ | Blut /blut/ |
| Poop | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Dreck /drɛk/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | — | — /—/ |
| Love | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | liewe /liːvə/ |
| Tree | Baum /baʊm/ | Bawm /baʊm/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Bauma /baʊmaː/ | Baam /ˈbɔːm/ |
| Dog | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ |
| Cat | Katze /ˈkatsə/ | Katze /ˈkatsə/ | Katze /kɑtsə/ | Katze /katsə/ | Katze /katsə/ | Katz /kats/ | Katz /kats/ |
| Fish | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ |
| Bird | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡəl/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Voggel /fɔɡəl/ |
| Butterfly | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtərlɪŋ/ | — | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | Schmetterling /ʃmɛdɐliŋ/ | Fleddermaus /ˈflɛdərmaʊs/ |
| Egg | Ei /aɪ/ | Ey /aɪ̯/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ei /aɪ/ | — | Oi /ɔɪ/ |
| Bear | Bär /bɛːr/ | — | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | — | Baer /bɛːr/ |
| Horse | Pferd /pfeːrt/ | Pferd /pfeːrt/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | — | Gaul /ɡaʊ̯l/ |
| House | Haus /haʊs/ | Hauß /haʊs/ | Haus /haʊs/ | Haus /haʊ̯s/ | Haus /haʊ̯s/ | Haus /haʊs/ | Haus /haʊs/ |
| Milk | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | — | Millich /ˈmɪlɪç/ |
| Honey | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪç/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪç/ | — | Hunnich /ˈhʊnɪç/ |
| Salt | Salz /salts/ | Saltz /zalts/ | Salz /salts/ | Salz /zalts/ | Salz /zalts/ | — | Salz /salts/ |
| Wine | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | — | Wei /vaɪ/ |
| Rice | Reis /raɪs/ | — | Reis /raɪ̯s/ | Reis /ʁaɪs/ | Reis /ʁaɪs/ | — | Reis /raɪs/ |
| Chocolate | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | — | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | — | — |
| Iron | Eisen /ˈaɪsən/ | Eisen /ˈaɪzən/ | Eisen /ˈaɪsn̩/ | Eisen /ˈaɪ̯zn̩/ | Eisen /ˈaɪ̯zn̩/ | Eisn /ˈaɪsn̩/ | Eise /ˈaɪsə/ |
| Wheel | Rad /raːt/ | Rad /raːt/ | Rad /raːt/ | Rad /ʁaːt/ | Rad /ʁaːt/ | — | Raad /rɔːt/ |
| Silk | Seide /ˈsaɪdə/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | Seide /ˈsaɪ̯də/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | — | — /—/ |
| Book | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | — | Buch /bux/ |
| Eat | essen /ˈɛsn̩/ | essen /ˈɛsːən/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | esse /ɛsə/ | esse /ɛsə/ |
| Drink | trinken /ˈtrɪŋkn̩/ | trincken /ˈtrɪŋkən/ | trinken /ˈtrɪŋkn̩/ | trinken /tʁɪŋkn̩/ | trinken /tʁɪŋkn̩/ | trinke /trɪŋkə/ | drinke /drɪŋkə/ |
| Sleep | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlaffen /ˈʃlafən/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlafe /ʃlaːfə/ | schlofe /ˈʃlɔfə/ |
| One | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eyn /aɪ̯n/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | ans /ans/ | eens /eːns/ |
| Two | zwei /tsvaɪ̯/ | zwey /tsvaɪ/ | zwei /tsvai/ | zwei /tsvaɪ/ | zwei /tsvaɪ/ | zwaa /tsvaː/ | zwee /tsveː/ |
| Three | drei /draɪ̯/ | drei /draɪ/ | drei /draɪ̯/ | drei /dʁaɪ̯/ | drei /dʁaɪ̯/ | drei /draɪ/ | drei /draɪ/ |
| Four | vier /fiːr/ | vier /fiːr/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | vier /fiɐ/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ |
| Five | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünff /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fimf /fɪmf/ |
| Hundred | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | — | hunnert /ˈhʊnərt/ |
| Hello | Hallo /haˈloː/ | Gott zum Gruß /ɡɔt tsʊm ɡruːs/ | Servus /zɛɐvʊs/ | Hallo /haloː/ | Hallo /haloː/ | Grüß Gott /ɡrʏs ɡɔt/ | Hallo /haloː/ |
| Thank you | danke /ˈdaŋkə/ | Danck /daŋk/ | danke /daŋkə/ | danke /daŋkə/ | danke /daŋkə/ | Vergelt's Gott /fɛɐɡɛlts ɡɔt/ | Denki /dɛŋki/ |
| Good | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | guad /ɡuə̯d/ | gut /ɡuːt/ |
| New | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | new /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | — | nei /naɪ/ |
| Red | rot /roːt/ | rot /roːt/ | rot /roːt/ | rot /ʁoːt/ | rot /ʁoːt/ | rood /roːd/ | rot /rot/ |
| White | weiss /vaɪs/ | weis /vaɪ̯s/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiss /vaɪs/ |
| Black | schwarz /ʃvarts/ | schwartz /ʃvarts/ | schwarz /ʃvarts/ | schwarz /ʃvaʁts/ | schwarz /ʃvaʁts/ | — | schwatz /ʃvats/ |
| Green | grün /ɡryːn/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grün /ɡʁyːn/ | grün /ɡʁyːn/ | — | grie /ɡriː/ |
| Blue | blau /blaʊ/ | — | blau /blaʊ/ | blau /blaʊ̯/ | blau /blaʊ̯/ | — | bloh /bloː/ |
| Cuckoo | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | gukuk /ˈɡʊkʊk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Gutzgauch /ˈɡʊtsɡaʊx/ | — |
| Woof | wau wau /vaʊ vaʊ/ | — | wau wau /vaʊ vaʊ/ | wau wau /vaʊ vaʊ/ | wau wau /vaʊ vaʊ/ | — | — |
| Cock-a-doodle-doo | kikeriki /kikəriˈkiː/ | — | kikeriki /kikəriˈkiː/ | kikeriki /kikəʁiˈkiː/ | kikeriki /kikəʁiˈkiː/ | — | — |
| Computer | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtər/ | Rechenmeister /ˈrɛçənˌmaɪstər/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːdɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtər/ |
| Sushi | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Stockfisch /ˈʃtɔkfɪʃ/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈzuːʃi/ | Sushi /ˈzuːʃi/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | — |
| Tea | Tee /teː/ | — | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | — | Tee /teː/ |
| Coffee | Kaffee /ˈkafe/ | — | Kaffee /kaˈfeː/ | Kaffee /ˈkafe/ | Kaffee /ˈkafeː/ | — | Kaffi /ˈkafi/ |
| Sugar | Zucker /ˈtsʊkər/ | — | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | — | Zucker /tsʊkər/ |
| Orange | Orange /oˈraŋʒə/ | — | Orange /oˈraːnʒə/ | Orange /oˈʁãːʒə/ | Orange /oˈʁãːʒə/ | — | Arrentsch /ˈarəntʃ/ |
| Ninety-nine | neunundneunzig /ˈnɔɪ̯nʊntˌnɔɪ̯ntsɪk/ | — | neunundneunzig /ˈnɔʏ̯nʊntˌnɔʏ̯ntsɪk/ | neunundneunzig /ˈnɔʏnʊntˌnɔʏntsɪç/ | neunundneunzig /ˈnɔʏnʊntˌnɔʏntsɪç/ | — | nein un neinzich /naɪn ʊn naɪntsɪç/ |
| Dopamine | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | — | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | — | — |
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