Kanite
Trans-New Guinea
Kanite is a Trans-New Guinea Kainantu-branch language of the Eastern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea, spoken by ~6,000 people in the Kainantu District around Henganofi. The Kainantu-Goroka family (Kamano, Yagaria, Gadsup, Auyana, Kanite, Tairora — ~30+ languages, ~200K total speakers) is one of the major Trans-New Guinea subgroups of the Eastern Highlands. Linguistically, Kanite shares classical Eastern Highlands features: SOV constituent order, postpositions, complex verb morphology with subject-tense-aspect agreement, switch-reference clause-chaining, and a small phoneme inventory typical of Kainantu languages. McCarthy's 1965 SIL phonology and Bible translation work since the 1960s have produced literacy materials and the New Testament. Despite the small population, Kanite shows relative vitality in remote highland villages.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Kanite
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Trans-New Guinea
| Meaning | Kanite | Yagaria | Hiri Motu | Sakizaya | Motu | Mandaic | Tuvaluan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | tina /tina/ | nina /nina/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | nanum /nanum/ | ranu /ɾanu/ | ࡌࡉࡀ /mia/ | vai /vai/ |
| Fire | ata /ata/ | hali /hali/ | lahi /lahi/ | lamal /lamal/ | lahi /lahi/ | ࡍࡅࡓࡀ /nura/ | afi /afi/ |
| Sun | yage /jaɡe/ | yege /jeɡe/ | dina /dina/ | cidal /tʃidal/ | dina /dina/ | ࡔࡀࡌࡔࡀ /ʃamʃa/ | laa /laː/ |
| Moon | ika /ika/ | gei /ɡei/ | hua /hua/ | bulad /bulad/ | hua /hua/ | ࡎࡉࡓࡀ /sira/ | masina /masina/ |
| Star | kaʼnefi /kaʔnefi/ | ganevi /ɡanevi/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | boʼis /boʔis/ | hisiu /hisiu/ | ࡊࡅࡊࡁࡀ /ˈkukba/ | fetū /fetuː/ |
| Night | hani /hani/ | hanena /hanena/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | labiʼ /labiʔ/ | hanuaboi /hanuaboi/ | ࡋࡉࡋࡉࡀ /lilja/ | pō /poː/ |
| Rain | kola /kola/ | gona /ɡona/ | medu /medu/ | ʼudad /ʔuðað/ | medu /medu/ | — | ua /ua/ |
| Wind | yasi /jasi/ | yasi /jasi/ | lai /lai/ | baliʼ /baliʔ/ | lai /lai/ | — | matagi /mataŋi/ |
| Earth | mopa /mopa/ | igopa /iɡopa/ | tano /tano/ | lalaʼ /ɾaɾaʔ/ | tano /tano/ | ࡀࡓࡒࡀ /arqa/ | kelekele /kelekele/ |
| Stone | yafa /jafa/ | yavana /javana/ | nadi /ˈnadi/ | baʼtu /baʔtu/ | nadi /nadi/ | ࡂࡋࡀࡋࡀ /ɡlala/ | fatu /fatu/ |
| Mountain | agoʼya /aɡoʔja/ | ae /ae/ | ororo /ororo/ | buyuʼ /bujuʔ/ | ororo /oɾoɾo/ | ࡈࡅࡓࡀ /tˤura/ | mauga /mauŋa/ |
| Sea | hage li /haɡe li/ | hage nina /haɡe nina/ | davara /davara/ | bayu /baju/ | davara /davara/ | — | tai /tai/ |
| Mother | ita /ita/ | nene /nene/ | sina /sina/ | ina /ina/ | sinana /sinana/ | ࡀࡌࡀ /ama/ | maatua /maːtua/ |
| Father | nafa /nafa/ | papa /papa/ | tama /tama/ | ama /ama/ | tamana /tamana/ | ࡀࡁࡀ /aba/ | tamana /tamana/ |
| Daughter | muna /muna/ | abade /abade/ | natuna kekeni /natuna kekeni/ | tatayna a wawa /tatajna a wawa/ | natuna kekenina /natuna kekenina/ | ࡁࡓࡀࡕࡀ /brata/ | tama fafine /tama fafine/ |
| I | nagaya /naɡaja/ | dagaea /daɡaea/ | lau /lau/ | zaku /ʐaku/ | lau /lau/ | ࡀࡍࡀ /ˈana/ | au /au/ |
| You | kagaya /kaɡaja/ | gagaea /ɡaɡaea/ | oi /oi/ | kisu /kisu/ | oi /oi/ | ࡀࡍࡀࡕ /at/ | koe /koe/ |
| We | tagaya /taɡaja/ | lagaea /laɡaea/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | ita / ai /ita / ai/ | ࡀࡍࡉࡍ /ˈanin/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| Name | agi /aɡi/ | agi /aɡi/ | ladana /laˈdana/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | ladana /ladana/ | ࡔࡅࡌࡀ /ˈʃuma/ | igoa /iŋoa/ |
| Head | anu /anu/ | anuna /anuna/ | kwarana /kʷarana/ | tangah /taŋah/ | kwara /kʷaɾa/ | ࡓࡉࡔ /riʃ/ | ulu /ulu/ |
| Eye | aulaga /aulaɡa/ | oulega /ouleɡa/ | matana /matana/ | mata /mata/ | matana /matana/ | ࡏࡉࡍࡀ /ʔina/ | mata /mata/ |
| Ear | agesa /aɡesa/ | ageta /aɡeta/ | taiana /taiana/ | tangilaʼ /taŋilaʔ/ | taiana /taiana/ | ࡏࡅࡃࡍࡀ /odna/ | taliga /taliŋa/ |
| Mouth | avaya /avaja/ | haeyapa /haejapa/ | uduna /uduna/ | laway /lawaj/ | udu /udu/ | ࡐࡅࡌࡀ /puma/ | gutu /ŋutu/ |
| Tooth | ve /ve/ | haemota /haemota/ | isena /isena/ | ngipən /ŋipən/ | ise /ise/ | ࡔࡉࡍࡀ /ʃinːa/ | nifo /nifo/ |
| Tongue | avefuʼna /avefuʔna/ | nevoda /nevoda/ | mala /mala/ | səmaʼ /səmaʔ/ | mala /mala/ | ࡋࡉࡔࡀࡍࡀ /liʃana/ | alelo /alelo/ |
| Hand | ayana /ajana/ | anita /anita/ | ima /ima/ | kamay /kamai/ | ima /ima/ | ࡏࡃࡀ /ʔida/ | lima /lima/ |
| Foot | aiya /aija/ | iya /ija/ | ae /ae/ | — | ae /ae/ | ࡋࡉࡂࡓࡀ /liɡra/ | vae /vae/ |
| Heart | agu /aɡu/ | alutumopa /alutumopa/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ | kudouna /kudouna/ | ࡋࡉࡁࡀ /liba/ | fatu /fatu/ |
| Bone | yamufa /jamufa/ | apova /apova/ | turia /turia/ | ʼukak /ʔukak/ | turia /turia/ | ࡂࡉࡓࡌࡀ /ɡerma/ | ivi /ivi/ |
| Blood | kola /kola/ | golana /ɡolana/ | rara /rara/ | ʼidang /ʔidaŋ/ | rara /rara/ | ࡆࡌࡀ /zma/ | toto /toto/ |
| Love | avesi /avesi/ | amige /amiɡe/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | maolah /maolah/ | lalokau /lalokau/ | ࡓࡅࡄࡌࡀ /ruhma/ | alofa /alofa/ |
| Tree | yosa /josa/ | yava /java/ | au /au/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | au /au/ | ࡏࡋࡀࡍࡀ /ilana/ | laakau /laːkau/ |
| Dog | kala /kala/ | gala /ɡala/ | sisia /sisia/ | waco /watʃo/ | sisia /sisia/ | ࡊࡀࡋࡁࡀ /kalba/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Cat | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | posi /posi/ | gosi /ɡosi/ | ࡔࡅࡍࡀࡓࡀ /ʃunara/ | pusi /pusi/ |
| Fish | noyame /nojame/ | fayana /fajana/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | buting /butiŋ/ | gwarume /ɡʷaɾume/ | ࡍࡅࡍࡀ /nuna/ | ika /ika/ |
| Bird | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | manu /manu/ | ayam /ajam/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | ࡑࡉࡐࡓࡀ /sipra/ | manu /manu/ |
| Bear | pea /pea/ | — | bea /bea/ | tumay /tumai/ | bea /bea/ | — | pea /pea/ |
| Horse | hosi /hosi/ | silumata /silumata/ | hosi /hosi/ | kabayu /kabaju/ | hosi /hosi/ | — | solofanua /solofanua/ |
| House | no /no/ | yona /jona/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | luma /luma/ | ruma /ɾuma/ | ࡁࡉࡕࡀ /bita/ | fale /fale/ |
| Milk | nu /nu/ | duna /duna/ | rata /rata/ | hacul /hatsul/ | rata /rata/ | — | susu /susu/ |
| Salt | sole /sole/ | hage /haɡe/ | damena /damena/ | cikah /tsikah/ | damena /damena/ | ࡌࡉࡄࡋࡀ /mihla/ | masima /masima/ |
| Book | avo /avo/ | buku /buku/ | buka /ˈbuka/ | cudad /tsudad/ | buka /buka/ | ࡃࡓࡀࡔࡀ /draʃa/ | tusi /tusi/ |
| Eat | ne /ne/ | na /na/ | ania /ania/ | hekal /hekal/ | aniani /aniani/ | ࡀࡊࡀࡋ /akal/ | kai /kai/ |
| Drink | ne /ne/ | nava /nava/ | inua /inua/ | mihecak /mihetʃak/ | inuinu /inuinu/ | ࡔࡕࡀ /ʃta/ | inu /inu/ |
| Sleep | fae /fae/ | hao /hao/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | mabiʼ /mabiʔ/ | mahuta /maˈhuta/ | ࡃࡌࡀࡊ /dmak/ | moe /moe/ |
| One | nagoke /naɡoke/ | bogo /boɡo/ | ta /ta/ | cacay /tʃatʃai/ | ta /ta/ | ࡄࡀࡃ /had/ | tasi /tasi/ |
| Two | tole /tole/ | lole /lole/ | rua /rua/ | tusa /tusa/ | rua /rua/ | ࡕࡓࡉࡍ /tren/ | lua /lua/ |
| Three | tagufa /taɡufa/ | loleʼe bogeʼe /loleʔe boɡeʔe/ | toi /toi/ | tulu /tulu/ | toi /toi/ | ࡕࡋࡀࡕࡀ /tlata/ | tolu /tolu/ |
| Four | foʼa /foʔa/ | loleʼe loleʼe /loleʔe loleʔe/ | hani /hani/ | sepat /səpat/ | hani /hani/ | ࡀࡓࡁࡀ /arba/ | fā /faː/ |
| Five | faefuʼa /faefuʔa/ | faefu /faefu/ | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ | ima /ima/ | ࡄࡀࡌࡔࡀ /hamʃa/ | lima /lima/ |
| Hundred | vani hataleti /vani hataleti/ | hateleti /hateleti/ | handred /handred/ | lasubu /lasubu/ | sinahu /sinahu/ | — | selau /selau/ |
| Hello | naipa /naipa/ | amige /amiɡe/ | namona /namona/ | marayas /maɾajas/ | namo gida /namo ɡida/ | ࡔࡋࡀࡌࡀ /ʃlama/ | taalofa /taːlofa/ |
| Thank you | muse /muse/ | tega /teɡa/ | tanikiu /tanikiu/ | lalumahan /lalumahan/ | oi namo /oi namo/ | ࡈࡀࡁࡅࡕࡀ /ʈabuta/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ |
| Good | kanale /kanale/ | kavi /kavi/ | namo /namo/ | kapah /kapah/ | namo /namo/ | ࡈࡀࡁࡀ /tˤaba/ | lei /lei/ |
| New | haegafa /haeɡafa/ | souva /souva/ | matamata /matamata/ | baluhay /baluhaj/ | matamata /matamata/ | — | fou /fou/ |
| Red | haesa /haesa/ | golaʼ /ɡolaʔ/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | sumanah /sumanah/ | kakakaka /kakakaka/ | ࡎࡅࡌࡒࡀ /sumqa/ | kula /kula/ |
| White | efeʼage /efeʔaɡe/ | efeʼ /efeʔ/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | sanglac /saŋlatʃ/ | kurokuro /kurokuro/ | ࡄࡉࡅࡀࡓࡀ /hiwara/ | kena /kena/ |
| Black | anupa /anupa/ | nupa /nupa/ | korema /korema/ | lumeniʼ /luməniʔ/ | koremakorema /koɾemakoɾema/ | ࡊࡅࡌࡀ /kuma/ | uli /uli/ |
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