Chiluvale
Luvale
Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Chokwe-Luchazi / K.10 group)
Luvale (Chiluvale) is a Bantu K language spoken in the Angola-Zambia borderlands. The Luvale people are one of the seven recognized "Bantu of Zambia" official-language groups. The language has tone and Bantu noun-class agreement and is closely related to Lunda (lun) within the K14 group. Notable for the Likumbi Lya Mize cultural festival and the makishi masquerade tradition (UNESCO Intangible Heritage 2008).
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Luvale
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Chokwe-Luchazi / K.10 group)
| Meaning | Luvale | Lunda | Kimbundu | Kaonde | Luba-Kasai | Yao | Kuanyama |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | meya /meja/ | meji /medʒi/ | menha /meɲa/ | mema /mema/ | mâyi /maːji/ | mesi /mesi/ | omeva /omeva/ |
| Fire | kakahya /kakahja/ | kesi /kesi/ | tubia /tubja/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | kapia /kapia/ | moto /moto/ | omundilo /omundilo/ |
| Sun | likumbi /likumbi/ | itaŋwa /itaŋwa/ | dikumbi /dikumbi/ | juba /dʒuba/ | dîba /diːba/ | lyuwa /ʎuwa/ | etango /etaŋɡo/ |
| Moon | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | mbeji /mbeʒi/ | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | mwesi /mwesi/ | omwedi /omwedi/ |
| Star | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | katumbwa /katumbwa/ | tetembwa /teˈtembwa/ | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | mutoto /mutoto/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ | onyofi /oɲofi/ |
| Night | ufuku /ufuku/ | wufuku /wufuku/ | usuku /usuku/ | bufuku /bufuku/ | butuku /butuku/ | chilo /tʃilo/ | oufiku /oufiku/ |
| Rain | vula /vula/ | nvula /nvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | ula /ula/ | odula /odula/ |
| Snow | mbundu /mbundu/ | — /—/ | neve /neve/ | sino /sino/ | neje /neʒe/ | — | olumi /olumi/ |
| Wind | peho /peho/ | mpepela /mpepela/ | kitembu /kitembu/ | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | tshipepele /tʃipepele/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ | omhepo /om̥epo/ |
| Earth | mavu /mavu/ | iseki /iseki/ | mavu /mavu/ | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | buloba /buloba/ | litaka /litaka/ | edu /edu/ |
| Stone | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | ilola /ilola/ | ditadi /ditadi/ | jibwe /dʒiˈbwe/ | dibue /diˈbwe/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ | emanya /emaɲa/ |
| Mountain | pili /pili/ | mpidi /mpidi/ | mulundu /mulundu/ | mutumba /mutumba/ | mukuna /mukuna/ | litumbi /litumbi/ | omhunda /om̥unda/ |
| Sea | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | kaluŋalwiji /kaluŋalwidʒi/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | mbuwu /mbuwu/ | bahali /bahali/ | efuta /efuta/ |
| Mother | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | bamama /bamama/ | mâmu /maːmu/ | amao /amao/ | meme /meme/ |
| Father | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | bataata /bataːta/ | tâtu /taːtu/ | atati /atati/ | tate /tate/ |
| Daughter | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana wamumbanda /mwana wamumbanda/ | mona a muhatu /mona a muhatu/ | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | muana wa bakaji /muana wa bakaʒi/ | mwanache jwamkongwe /mwanatʃe dʒwamkoŋɡwe/ | omona okakadona /omona okakadona/ |
| I | ami /ami/ | ami /ami/ | eme /eme/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | meme /meme/ | une /une/ | ame /ame/ |
| You | ove /ove/ | eyi /eji/ | eie /eje/ | obewa /obewa/ | wewe /wewe/ | mmwe /mːwe/ | ove /ove/ |
| We | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | atweba /atweba/ | tuetu /tuetu/ | uwe /uwe/ | fye /fje/ |
| Name | lijina /liˈʒina/ | ijina /idʒina/ | dijina /diˈʒina/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | dîna /diːna/ | lina /lina/ | edina /edina/ |
| Person | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mundu /mundu/ | omunhu /omun̥u/ |
| Head | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutue /mutue/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mtwe /mtwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ |
| Eye | liso /liso/ | disu /disu/ | disu /disu/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | dîsu /diːsu/ | liso /liso/ | eisho /eiʃo/ |
| Ear | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | itu /itu/ | ditui /ditui/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | ditshu /ditʃu/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ | omutwi /omutwi/ |
| Nose | lizulu /lizulu/ | izulu /izulu/ | dizulu /dizulu/ | moona /moːna/ | diulu /diulu/ | lupula /lupula/ | edyulu /edjulu/ |
| Mouth | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | dikanu /dikanu/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mukana /mukana/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ | okanya /okaɲa/ |
| Tooth | lizo /lizo/ | iji /idʒi/ | dizu /dizu/ | jiino /dʒiːno/ | dinu /dinu/ | liino /liːno/ | eyo /ejo/ |
| Tongue | limi /limi/ | idimi /idimi/ | dimi /dimi/ | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | elaka /elaka/ |
| Hand | livoko /livoko/ | chikasa /tʃikasa/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | tshianza /tʃianza/ | nkono /nkono/ | eke /eke/ |
| Foot | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | mwendu /mwendu/ | kinama /kinama/ | kuulu /kuːlu/ | dikasa /dikasa/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ | omhadi /om̥adi/ |
| Heart | mutima /mutima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | muxima /muʃima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | mutshima /mutʃima/ | mtima /mtima/ | omutima /omutima/ |
| Bone | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | ifwaha /ifwaha/ | kifuba /kifuba/ | kupa /kupa/ | mufuba /mufuba/ | liupa /liupa/ | ekipa /ekipa/ |
| Blood | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | manhinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | mashi /maʃi/ | miasi /miasi/ | ohonde /ohonde/ |
| Poop | tuji /tudʒi/ | — | tuji /tuʒi/ | — | tumvi /tumvi/ | manyi /maɲi/ | — |
| Love | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | kukeŋa /kukeŋa/ | henda /henda/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ | ohole /ohole/ |
| Tree | mutondo /mutondo/ | mutondu /mutondu/ | muxi /muʃi/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | mutshi /mutʃi/ | mtela /mtela/ | omuti /omuti/ |
| Dog | kawa /kawa/ | kawa /kawa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kabwa /kabwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | ombwa /ombwa/ |
| Cat | katako /katako/ | — /—/ | kasalu /kasalu/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | nyao /ɲao/ | paka /paka/ | okatufi /okatufi/ |
| Fish | shi /ʃi/ | inshi /inʃi/ | mbiji /mbiʒi/ | sabi /sabi/ | mushipa /muʃipa/ | somba /soːmba/ | oshi /oʃi/ |
| Bird | kajila /kadʒila/ | kada /kada/ | njila /ndʒila/ | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | nyunyu /ɲuɲu/ | cijuni /tʃidʒuni/ | odila /odila/ |
| Butterfly | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | ipupwila /ipupwila/ | kimbiambia /kimbjambja/ | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | tshibiyibiyi /tʃibijibiji/ | chipuluputwa /tʃipuluputwa/ | onghanga /oŋɡaŋɡa/ |
| Egg | liulu /liulu/ | iteta /iteta/ | diiaki /dijaki/ | jike /dʒike/ | diyi /diji/ | lindanda /lindanda/ | ei /ei/ |
| Bear | ulusu /ulusu/ | bera /bera/ | ulusu /ulusu/ | mbeyala /mbejala/ | — | — | — |
| Horse | kavalu /kavalu/ | kawalu /kawalu/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | mbili /mbili/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | falasi /falasi/ | onghambe /oŋɡambe/ |
| House | zuvo /zuvo/ | itala /itala/ | inzo /inzo/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | nzubu /nzubu/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | eumbo /eumbo/ |
| Milk | mavele /mavele/ | mayeli /majeli/ | lete /lete/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mabele /mabele/ | maŵele /maβele/ | omashini /omaʃini/ |
| Honey | uchi /utʃi/ | wuchi /wutʃi/ | uiki /wiki/ | buki /buki/ | buitshi /buitʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | omaadi eenyiki /omaːdi eːɲiki/ |
| Salt | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | muŋwa /muŋwa/ | mungua /muŋɡwa/ | mukele /mukele/ | luepu /luepu/ | njete /ndʒete/ | omongwa /omoŋɡwa/ |
| Wine | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | binyu /biɲu/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | omaviinyu /omaviːɲu/ |
| Rice | loso /loso/ | losu /losu/ | loso /loso/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | losa /losa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | olwishi /olwiʃi/ |
| Iron | fwelu /fwelu/ | chikuŋu /tʃikuŋu/ | felu /felu/ | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | tshiamu /tʃiamu/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ | oshivela /oʃivela/ |
| Wheel | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | kafumbu /kafumbu/ | dilola /dilola/ | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | lukata /lukata/ | wilo /wilo/ | okuulu /okuːlu/ |
| Silk | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | seda /seda/ | shilika /ʃilika/ | swa /swa/ | halili /halili/ | osilki /osilki/ |
| Book | mukanda /mukanda/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | divulu /divulu/ | buku /buku/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ | embo /ˈembo/ |
| Eat | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kudia /kudia/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | okulya /okuʎa/ |
| Drink | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kunua /kunua/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | okunwa /okunwa/ |
| Sleep | kusavala /kusavala/ | kukama /kukama/ | kuzeka /kuzeka/ | kulaala /kulaːla/ | kulala /kulala/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | okukofa /okukofa/ |
| One | mwe /mwe/ | wumu /wumu/ | moxi /moʃi/ | umo /umo/ | umue /umue/ | mo /mo/ | mwe /mwe/ |
| Two | vali /vali/ | ayedi /ajedi/ | iadi /jaːdi/ | babiji /babidʒi/ | ibidi /ibidi/ | iŵili /iβili/ | vali /vali/ |
| Three | tatu /tatu/ | satu /satu/ | tatu /tatu/ | satu /satu/ | isatu /isatu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ | nhatu /n̥atu/ |
| Four | wana /wana/ | wana /wana/ | uana /wana/ | bana /bana/ | inai /inai/ | ncece /ntʃetʃe/ | nhee /n̥eː/ |
| Five | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | itanu /itanu/ | nsano /nsano/ | nhano /n̥ano/ |
| Hundred | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | nkulakaji /nkulakadʒi/ | hama /hama/ | kitota /kitota/ | lukama /lukama/ | mia /mia/ | efele /efele/ |
| Hello | mwane /mwane/ | — /—/ | nga ku menekena /ŋɡa ku menekena/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | moyo /mojo/ | salama /salama/ | wa hala po /wa hala po/ |
| Thank you | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | nasakilili /nasakilili/ | nga ku sakidila /ŋɡa ku sakidila/ | nasanta /nasanta/ | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ | — /—/ | pandula /pandula/ |
| Good | mwaza /mwaza/ | chachiwahi /tʃatʃiwahi/ | kiambote /kiambote/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | impe /impe/ | chambone /tʃambone/ | wa /wa/ |
| New | chihya /tʃihja/ | chachiha /tʃatʃiha/ | kiobe /kjobe/ | kipya /kipja/ | mupia /mupia/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ | pe /pe/ |
| Red | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | chinana /tʃinana/ | kusuka /kusuka/ | chila /tʃila/ | kunze /kunze/ | cheejewu /tʃeːdʒewu/ | tilyana /tiʎana/ |
| White | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | chitooka /tʃitoːka/ | kuzela /kuzela/ | toka /toka/ | toke /toke/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ | toka /toka/ |
| Black | chilava /tʃilava/ | — | kuxikela /kuʃikela/ | fiita /fiːta/ | fike /fike/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ | laula /laula/ |
| Computer | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | komputadolo /komputadolo/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | ordinatere /ordinatere/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | okombiyuta /okombijuta/ |
| Tea | tiyi /tiji/ | tii /tiː/ | xá /ʃa/ | — | tshiayi /tʃiaji/ | tiyi /tiji/ | otee /oteː/ |
| Coffee | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafé /kaˈfe/ | kofi /kofi/ | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | okoofi /okoːfi/ |
| Sugar | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sukidi /suˈkidi/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | nsukadi /nsukadi/ | sukali /sukali/ | osuuka /osuːka/ |
| Ninety-nine | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana /makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana/ | makuinhi ivua ni ivua /makwiɲi ivwa ni ivwa/ | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | makumi tshitema ne tshitema /makumi tʃitema ne tʃitema/ | makumi nsano ni ncece kwisa nsano ni ncece /makumi nsano ni ntʃetʃe kwisa nsano ni ntʃetʃe/ | omilongo omugoi nomugoi /omiloŋɡo oŋŋɡoi noŋŋɡoi/ |
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