Qʼeqchiʼ
Maya (Quichean)
Q'eqchi' adalah bahasa Maya terbesar kedua, dituturkan terutama di Guatemala bagian tengah dan utara. Berbeda dari K'iche' karena memiliki akar pra-Columbus yang lebih dalam di Belize/Petén dan tradisi kuat organisasi keagamaan cofradía.
Tempat dituturkan
87 kata inti dalam Qʼeqchiʼ
chokolaat
Sumber
- Wichmann, Søren & Kerry Hull. 2009. Q'eqchi' vocabulary. In Haspelmath & Tadmor (eds.), World Loanword Database
- Li Santil Hu, Q'eqchi' Bible (ALMG spelling), bible.com version 543
Perbandingan kata
Dibandingkan dengan bahasa lain dalam klasifikasi yang sama: Maya (Quichean)
| Arti | Qʼeqchiʼ | Bahasa Uspanteko | Bahasa Poqomchi | Kʼicheʼ | Kaqchikel | Proto-Maya | Ixil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ | *haʔ /haʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ |
| Api | xam /ʃam/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | *qʼaaqʼ /qʼaaqʼ/ | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ |
| Matahari | saqʼe /saqʼe/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | qʼiij /qʼiːx/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | *qʼiinh /qʼiinh/ | qʼii /qʼiː/ |
| Bulan | po /po/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | poh /poh/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | *uːh /uːh/ | ichʼ /itʃʼ/ |
| Bintang | chahim /tʃahim/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumiil /tʃʼumiːl/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | *eʼq /eʼq/ | chumiil /tʃumiːl/ |
| Malam | qʼojyin /qʼoχjin/ | laqʼabʼ /laqʼaɓ/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼaʼ /aqʼaʔ/ | *aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼbʼal /aqʼɓal/ |
| Hujan | habʼ /haɓ/ | jabʼ /haɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | *nhabʼ /ŋaɓ/ | jabʼal /haɓal/ |
| Salju | xchuʼi keh /ʃtʃuʔi keh/ | chun tew /tʃun tew/ | miik /miːk/ | saq tew /saq tew/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | — | txuncheʼv /tʃuntʃeʔv/ |
| Angin | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | tew /tew/ | teew /teːw/ | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | kaqʼiqʼ /kaqʼiqʼ/ | *ʔiʔqʼ /ʔiʔqʼ/ | kajiqʼ /kahiqʼ/ |
| Tanah | chʼochʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ | ulew /uleːw/ | akʼal /akʼal/ | ulew /ulew/ | ulew /uleːw/ | *chʼohchʼ /tʃʼohtʃʼ/ | txʼavaʼ /tʃʼaʋaʔ/ |
| Batu | pek /pek/ | ábʼaj /ˈáɓax/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abäj /aˈɓəx/ | *ʔaʔbʼaj /ʔaʔbʼaj/ | kʼubʼ /kʼuɓ/ |
| Gunung | tzuul /tsuːl/ | witz /wits/ | yuuqʼ /juːqʼ/ | juyubʼ /xujuɓ/ | juyuʼ /xuˈjuʔ/ | *witz /wits/ | vitz /vits/ |
| Laut | palaw /palaw/ | mar /mar/ | palaw /palaw/ | plo /plo/ | palow /palow/ | — | mar /mar/ |
| Ibu | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | tuut /tuːt/ | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | *naʔ /naʔ/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Ayah | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ | tat /tat/ | ajaaw /axaːw/ | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ | *taat /taat/ | baʼ /baʔ/ |
| Anak perempuan | rabʼin /raɓin/ | rabʼin /raɓin/ | ixqʼuun /iʃqʼuːn/ | miʼal /miʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ | — | meʼal /meʔal/ |
| Saya | laaʼin /laːʔin/ | in /in/ | hin /hin/ | in /in/ | rïn /rɪn/ | *in /in/ | in /in/ |
| Kamu | laaʼat /laːʔat/ | at /at/ | hat /hat/ | at /at/ | rat /rat/ | *ʔat /ʔat/ | axh /aʃ/ |
| Kita | laaʼo /laːʔo/ | oj /ox/ | hoj /hox/ | uj /ux/ | röj /rʊx/ | — /—/ | oʼ /oʔ/ |
| Nama | kʼabʼaʼej /kʼaɓaʔeχ/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ | bʼihnaal /ɓihnaːl/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | *bʼih /bʼih/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ |
| Orang | poyanam /pojanam/ | kristyan /kristjan/ | kʼachareel /kʼatʃareːl/ | winaq /winaq/ | winäq /wiˈnəq/ | *winaq /winaq/ | uxhchil /uʃtʃil/ |
| Kepala | jolom /χolom/ | bʼaa /ɓaː/ | nahis /nahis/ | jolom /xolom/ | jolom /xolom/ | — | viʼ /viʔ/ |
| Mata | xnaqʼ u /ʃnaqʼ u/ | wach /watʃ/ | naqʼwachis /naqʼwatʃis/ | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | runaqʼ ruwäch /runaqʼ ruwətʃ/ | *Haty /hatʲ/ | vusal /vusal/ |
| Telinga | xik /ʃik/ | xikiin /ʃikiːn/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | *xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ |
| Hidung | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | juʼ /xuʔ/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | tzaʼn /tsaʔn/ | *nhiiʔ /ŋiːʔ/ | juʼ /χuʔ/ |
| Mulut | e /e/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼhis /tʃiʔhis/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | *tyiiʔ /tʲiːʔ/ | tziʼ /tsiʔ/ |
| Gigi | ruuch e /ruːtʃ e/ | e /e/ | ehis /ehis/ | ware /waɾe/ | ey /ej/ | *ʔeeh /ʔeːh/ | eh /eh/ |
| Lidah | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | *aaqʼ /aːqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ |
| Tangan | uqʼm /uqʼm/ | qʼaabʼ /qʼaːɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | *qʼabʼ /qʼabʼ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ |
| Kaki | oq /oq/ | aqan /aqan/ | ooq /oːq/ | aqan /aqan/ | aqän /aqən/ | *ʔooq /ʔoːq/ | oj /oχ/ |
| Hati | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼuxliis /kʼuʃliːs/ | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | — /—/ | vatzʼ /vatsʼ/ |
| Tulang | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | *bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ |
| Darah | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kïkʼ /kɪkʼ/ | *kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kaq /kaq/ |
| Pup | kʼot /kʼot/ | — | saaʼ /saːʔ/ | achaq /atʃaq/ | — | *ta7 /taʔ/ | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ |
| Cinta | rahok /rahok/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | rahaal /rahaːl/ | loqʼoj /loqʼox/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ | — /—/ | kuxhewchʼa /kuʃewtʃʼa/ |
| Pohon | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheeʼ /tʃeːʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | *teʔ /teʔ/ | tze /tse/ |
| Anjing | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | *tzʼiʔ /tzʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ |
| Kucing | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mees /meːs/ | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ | — /—/ | mees /meːs/ |
| Ikan | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kaɾ/ | kar /kar/ | *kar /kar/ | chay /tʃaj/ |
| Burung | tzʼik /tsʼik/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | *tzʼikin /tzʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ |
| Kupu-kupu | peepem /peːpem/ | — | pehpem /pehpem/ | pepe /pepe/ | palamax /palamaʃ/ | *pehpen /pehpen/ | naaviʼ /naːviʔ/ |
| Telur | mol /mol/ | saqmolobʼ /saqmoloɓ/ | miloj /milox/ | saqmoʼl /saqmoʔl/ | saqmoloʼ /saqmoloʔ/ | — | kʼolobʼ /kʼoloɓ/ |
| Beruang | oos /oːs/ | — | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | — | oso /oso/ |
| Kuda | kawaay /kawaːj/ | kwaʼy /kwaʔj/ | kawaay /kawaːj/ | kej /kex/ | kej /kex/ | — | kaay /kaːj/ |
| Rumah | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ | jaa /haː/ | paat /paːt/ | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ | *nah /nah/ | kabʼal /kaɓal/ |
| Susu | leech /leːtʃ/ | lech /letʃ/ | chʼuuchʼ /tʃʼuːtʃʼ/ | leche /letʃe/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | — | chʼuʼ /tʃʼuʔ/ |
| Madu | xyaʼal kabʼ /ʃjaʔal kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | *kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ |
| Garam | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼaam /atsʼaːm/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | *ʔaʔtzʼaam /ʔaʔtsʼaːm/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ |
| Anggur | bʼiin /ɓiːn/ | vin /bin/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | — | vino /ˈbino/ |
| Beras | aros /aros/ | — | aroos /aroːs/ | arroz /aros/ | arroz /aˈros/ | — | arus /arus/ |
| Cokelat | chokolaat | — | chikolaat /tʃikolaːt/ | chocolate | chocolate | — | — |
| Besi | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | chʼihchʼ /tʃʼihtʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | — | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ |
| Roda | rueda /rweda/ | — | kotokaq /kotokaq/ | — | rueda /rweda/ | — | — |
| Sutra | seda /seda/ | — | — | xela /ʃela/ | seda /ˈseda/ | — | seda /ˈseda/ |
| Buku | hu /hu/ | wuuj /wuːx/ | huuj /huːx/ | wuj /wux/ | wuj /wux/ | *huʔnh /huʔŋ/ | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ |
| Makan | waʼak /waʔak/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | wiʼk /wiʔk/ | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ | *waʔ /waʔ/ | tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ |
| Minum | ukʼak /ukʼak/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uukʼ /uːkʼ/ | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːx/ | kumun /kumun/ | *ʔukʼ /ʔukʼ/ | ucha /utʃa/ |
| Tidur | wark /wark/ | war /war/ | wirik /wirik/ | war /waɾ/ | war /war/ | *war /war/ | wat /wat/ |
| Satu | jun /χun/ | jun /hun/ | jinaj /xinax/ | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ | *jun /jun/ | jun /hun/ |
| Dua | wiibʼ /wiːɓ/ | quiibʼ /kiːɓ/ | kiʼibʼ /kiʔiɓ/ | kebʼ /keɓ/ | kaʼiʼ /kaʔiʔ/ | *kaʼ /kaʼ/ | kaʼvaʼl /kaʔʋaʔl/ |
| Tiga | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | ixibʼ /iʃiɓ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxiʼ /oʃiʔ/ | *ʼoxibʼ /ʔoʃiɓ/ | oxvaʼl /oʃʋaʔl/ |
| Empat | kaahibʼ /kaːhiɓ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kijibʼ /kixiɓ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kajiʼ /kaxiʔ/ | *kaŋibʼ /kaŋiɓ/ | kajvaʼl /kahʋaʔl/ |
| Lima | oobʼ /oːɓ/ | joobʼ /hoːɓ/ | hoʼoobʼ /hoʔoːɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | woʼoʼ /woʔoʔ/ | *hoʔ /hoʔ/ | oʼvaʼl /oʔʋaʔl/ |
| Seratus | oʼkʼaal /oʔkʼaːl/ | jun cient /hun sjent/ | hoʼkʼahl /hoʔkʼahl/ | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | wokʼal /wokʼal/ | — | oʼkʼalal /oʔkʼalal/ |
| Halo | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma saʔ laːtʃʼoːl/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | ma chaa /ma tʃaː/ | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwətʃ/ | — /—/ | nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa /nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/ |
| Terima kasih | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | tioxlaab /tjoʃlaːb/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ | — /—/ | tantixh /tantiʃ/ |
| Baik | us /us/ | tzi /tsi/ | holohik /holohik/ | utz /uts/ | ütz /ʊts/ | *utz /utz/ | utzʼ /utsʼ/ |
| Baru | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼaʼ /kʼakʼaʔ/ | *ʔa(a)kʼ /ʔakʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ |
| Merah | kaq /kaq/ | kyeq /kjeq/ | kaq /kaq/ | kaq /kaq/ | käq /kəq/ | *kaq /kaq/ | kaq /kaq/ |
| Putih | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | säq /səq/ | *saq /saq/ | saj /saχ/ |
| Hitam | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | *ʔejqʼ /ʔejqʼ/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ |
| Hijau | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | *raʔx /raʔʃ/ | chaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ |
| Biru | rax /raʃ/ | xaar /ʃaːr/ | rax /raʃ/ | xar /ʃaɾ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | — | — |
| Burung kangkok | ixnam /iʃˈnam/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Komputer | ululchʼiichʼ /ulultʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | — | — | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | — | — |
| Teh | te /te/ | — | — | té /te/ | té /te/ | — | — |
| Kopi | kape /kape/ | — | kapeh /kapeh/ | kape /kape/ | kape /kape/ | — | — |
| Gula | asuukr /asuːkɾ/ | — | asuukar /asuːkar/ | asukal /asukal/ | kʼajkabʼ /kʼaxkaɓ/ | — | asukaal /asukaːl/ |
| Jeruk | chiin /tʃiːn/ | — | araan /araːn/ | alanxax /alanʃaʃ/ | alanx /alanʃ/ | — | — |
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