Taetae ni Kiribati
키리바스어
오스트로네시아어족(미크로네시아어군)
길버트어(Te taetae ni Kiribati)는 키리바시의 국어로, 자음이 약 13개에 불과할 만큼 자음 목록이 매우 작다. 다만 모음은 다섯 개이며 장단을 구별하기 때문에 전체 음소 수는 약 23개에 이른다. 또한 핵심 지역 밖에 상당한 규모의 화자 공동체를 가진 유일한 주요 미크로네시아어로, 피지의 라비섬(이주한 바나바인)과 솔로몬 제도의 초이설에 정착한 화자 집단이 있다. 길버트어는 VOS 어순을 가지며, 포함·배제 대명사와 소유 분류사를 아우르는 풍부한 오스트로네시아식 체계를 갖추고 있다.
사용 지역
키리바스어의 핵심 단어 87개
tiaokureti
출처
- Trussel, S. (ed.), A Combined Kiribati-English Dictionary based on Bingham (1908) and Sabatier (1971), trussel.com/kir/dic (via Wayback); ABVD 346 (same source)
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 오스트로네시아어족(미크로네시아어군)
| 뜻 | 키리바스어 | 투발루어 | 쿡 제도 마오리어 | 사모아어 | 토켈라우어 | 통가어 | 마오리어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | ran /ɾan/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | wai /wai/ |
| 불 | ai /ai/ | afi /afi/ | aʻi /aʔi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ | afi /afi/ | ahi /ahi/ |
| 해 | taai /taːi/ | laa /laː/ | rā /raː/ | lā /laː/ | lā /laː/ | laʻā /laʔaː/ | rā /ɾaː/ |
| 달 | namwakaina /namʷakaina/ | masina /masina/ | marama /marama/ | māsina /maːsina/ | māhina /maːhina/ | māhina /maːhina/ | marama /maɾama/ |
| 별 | itoi /iˈtoi/ | fetū /fetuː/ | etū /etuː/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetū /fetuː/ | fetuʻu /fetuʔu/ | whetū /ɸetuː/ |
| 밤 | bong /boŋ/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ |
| 비 | karau /kaˈɾau/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ʻuha /ʔuha/ | ua /ua/ |
| 눈 | tinoo /siˈnoː/ | kiona /kiona/ | kiona /kiona/ | kiona /kiona/ | kiona /kiona/ | sinou /sinou/ | hukarere /hukaɾeɾe/ |
| 바람 | ang /aŋ/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matagi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | hau /hau/ |
| 흙 | tano /tano/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | one /one/ | ʻeleʻele /ʔeleʔele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | oneone /oneone/ |
| 돌 | atibu /aˈsibu/ | fatu /fatu/ | toka /toka/ | maʻa /maʔa/ | fatu /fatu/ | maka /maka/ | kōhatu /koːhatu/ |
| 산 | maunga /mauŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | mauga /mauŋa/ | moʻunga /moʔuŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ |
| 바다 | marawa /maɾawa/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | sami /sami/ | moana /moana/ | tahi /tahi/ | moana /moana/ |
| 어머니 | tina /ˈsina/ | maatua /maːtua/ | māmā /maːmaː/ | tinā /tinaː/ | mātua /maːtua/ | faʻē /faʔeː/ | whaea /ɸaea/ |
| 아버지 | tama /tama/ | tamana /tamana/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ | tamā /tamaː/ | tamana /tamana/ | tamai /tamai/ | matua /matua/ |
| 딸 | natiu te aine /nasiu te aine/ | tama fafine /tama fafine/ | tamaine /tamaine/ | afafine /afafine/ | afafine /afafine/ | ʻofefine /ʔofefine/ | tamāhine /tamaːhine/ |
| 나 | ngai /ŋai/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | aʻu /aʔu/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ |
| 너 | ngkoe /ŋkoe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ |
| 우리 | ngaira /ŋaira/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | kitautolu / kimautolu /kitautolu / kimautolu/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| 이름 | ara /ˈara/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | igoa /iŋoa/ | hingoa /hiŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ |
| 사람 | aomata /aomata/ | tino /tino/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tagata /taŋata/ | tagata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ |
| 머리 | atu /ˈatu/ | ulu /ulu/ | upoko /upoko/ | ulu /ulu/ | ulu /ulu/ | ʻulu /ʔulu/ | upoko /upoko/ |
| 눈 | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | karu /kaɾu/ |
| 귀 | taninga /taniŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | taliga /taliŋa/ | telinga /teliŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ |
| 코 | bwairi /bʷairi/ | isu /isu/ | putāngiʻu /putaːŋiʔu/ | isu /isu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ |
| 이 | wi /wi/ | nifo /nifo/ | niʻo /niʔo/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ | nifo /nifo/ | niho /niho/ |
| 혀 | newe /newe/ | alelo /alelo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | laulaufaiva /laulaufaiva/ | alelo /alelo/ | ʻelelo /ʔelelo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ |
| 손 | bai /bai/ | lima /lima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | nima /nima/ | ringa /ɾiŋa/ |
| 발 | wae /wae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vaʻe /vaʔe/ | waewae /waewae/ |
| 마음 | nano /nano/ | fatu /fatu/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | loto /loto/ | fatu /fatu/ | loto /loto/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ |
| 뼈 | ri /ri/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | hui /hui/ | kōiwi /koːiwi/ |
| 피 | rara /ɾaɾa/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ |
| 똥 | butae /butae/ | tae /tae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tae /tae/ | tae /tae/ | taʻe /taʔe/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ |
| 사랑 | tangira /taŋiɾa/ | alofa /alofa/ | aroʻa /aɾoʔa/ | alofa /alofa/ | alofa /alofa/ | ʻofa /ʔofa/ | aroha /aɾoha/ |
| 나무 | kai /kai/ | laakau /laːkau/ | rākau /raːkau/ | laʻau /laʔau/ | lākau /laːkau/ | ʻakau /ʔakau/ | rākau /ɾaːkau/ |
| 개 | kamea /kamea/ | kuli /kuli/ | puakaoa /puakaoa/ | maile /maile/ | maile /maile/ | kulī /kuliː/ | kurī /kuɾiː/ |
| 고양이 | katama /katama/ | pusi /pusi/ | ngiao /ŋiao/ | pusi /pusi/ | puhi /puhi/ | pusi /pusi/ | ngeru /ŋeɾu/ |
| 물고기 | ika /ˈika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | iʻa /iʔa/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ |
| 새 | mannikiba /mannikiba/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manupuna /manupuna/ | manu /manu/ |
| 나비 | bwebwe /bʷebʷe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | pūrerehua /puːɾeɾehua/ |
| 달걀 | bunnimoa /bunːiˈmoa/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | ua /ua/ | fuamoa /fuamoa/ | fuāmoa /fuaːmoa/ | foʻi moa /foʔi moa/ | hēki /heːki/ |
| 곰 | bea /bea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ |
| 말 | aoti /aosi/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | ʻoroʻenua /ʔoɾoʔenua/ | solofanua /solofanua/ | holofanua /holofanua/ | hoosi /hoːsi/ | hōiho /hoːiho/ |
| 집 | auti /ˈausi/ | fale /fale/ | ʻare /ʔaɾe/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ | fale /fale/ | whare /ɸaɾe/ |
| 우유 | miriki /miɾiki/ | susu /susu/ | ū /uː/ | susu /susu/ | huāhuhu /huaːhuhu/ | huʻakau /huʔakau/ | miraka /miɾaka/ |
| 꿀 | meri /meɾi/ | hani /hani/ | meri /meri/ | meli /meli/ | meli /meli/ | hone /hone/ | miere /mieɾe/ |
| 소금 | taoro /taoro/ | masima /masima/ | miti /miti/ | masima /masima/ | māhima /maːhima/ | māsima /maːsima/ | tote /tote/ |
| 포도주 | wain /wain/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaina /uaina/ | uaine /uaine/ | wāina /waːina/ |
| 쌀 | raiti /ɾaisi/ | laisi /laisi/ | raiti /ɾaiti/ | alaisa /alaisa/ | — | laise /laise/ | raihi /ɾaihi/ |
| 초콜릿 | tiaokureti | tiokaleti | chocolate | sukalati /sukalati/ | — | sokoleti /sokoleti/ | tiakarete /tiakaɾete/ |
| 철 | biti /ˈpisi/ | fiti /fiti/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuri/ | uʻamea /uʔamea/ | ukamea /ukamea/ | ukamea /ukamea/ | rino /ɾino/ |
| 바퀴 | wira /wiɾa/ | teka /teka/ | porotātā /poɾotaːtaː/ | uili /uili/ | uili /uili/ | veʻeteka /veʔeteka/ | wīra /wiːɾa/ |
| 비단 | tirika /siɾika/ | silika /silika/ | tīrika /tiːɾika/ | silika /silika/ | hilika /hilika/ | silika /silika/ | hiraka /hiɾaka/ |
| 책 | boki /ˈboki/ | tusi /tusi/ | puka /puka/ | tusi /tusi/ | tuhi /tuhi/ | tohi /tohi/ | pukapuka /pukapuka/ |
| 먹다 | amwarake /amʷaɾake/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | ʻai /ʔai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ |
| 마시다 | nima /nima/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ |
| 자다 | matu /ˈmatu/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | mohe /mohe/ | moe /moe/ |
| 하나 | teuana /teuana/ | tasi /tasi/ | taʻi /taʔi/ | tasi /tasi/ | tahi /tahi/ | taha /taha/ | tahi /tahi/ |
| 둘 | uoua /uˈoua/ | lua /lua/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | lua /lua/ | ua /ua/ | rua /ɾua/ |
| 셋 | tenua /teˈnua/ | tolu /tolu/ | toru /toɾu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | tolu /tolu/ | toru /toɾu/ |
| 넷 | aua /aua/ | fā /faː/ | ʻā /ʔaː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ | fā /faː/ | whā /ɸaː/ |
| 다섯 | nimaua /nimaua/ | lima /lima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | nima /nima/ | rima /ɾima/ |
| 백 | tebubua /tebuˈbua/ | selau /selau/ | ʻānere /ʔaːnere/ | selau /selau/ | helau /helau/ | teau /teau/ | rau /ɾau/ |
| 안녕하세요 | mauri /mauɾi/ | taalofa /taːlofa/ | kia orāna /kia oɾaːna/ | talofa /talofa/ | mālō ni /maːloː ni/ | mālō e lelei /maːloː e lelei/ | kia ora /kia oɾa/ |
| 감사합니다 | ko rabwa /ko ɾabʷa/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | faʻafetai /faʔafetai/ | fakafetai /fakafetai/ | mālō /maːloː/ | ngā mihi /ŋaː mihi/ |
| 좋은 | raoiroi /ɾaoiɾoi/ | lei /lei/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | lelei /lelei/ | lelei /lelei/ | lelei /lelei/ | pai /pai/ |
| 새로운 | bou /bou/ | fou /fou/ | ʻou /ʔou/ | fou /fou/ | fōu /foːu/ | foʻou /foʔou/ | hou /hou/ |
| 빨강 | uraura /uɾaˈuɾa/ | kula /kula/ | muramura /muɾamuɾa/ | mūmū /muːmuː/ | kukula /kukula/ | kulokula /kulokula/ | whero /ɸeɾo/ |
| 하양 | mainaina /mainaina/ | kena /kena/ | teatea /teatea/ | paʻepaʻe /paʔepaʔe/ | paepae /paepae/ | hinehina /hinehina/ | mā /maː/ |
| 검정 | roro /ɾoɾo/ | uli /uli/ | kerekere /keɾekeɾe/ | uliuli /uliuli/ | uli /uli/ | ʻuliʻuli /ʔuliʔuli/ | mangu /maŋu/ |
| 초록 | mawawa /mawawa/ | lanu lau niu /lanu lau niu/ | matie /matie/ | lanumeamata /lanumeamata/ | lanu meamata /lanu meamata/ | lanu mata /lanu mata/ | kākāriki /kaːkaːɾiki/ |
| 파랑 | mawawa /mawawa/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ | auīka /auiːka/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ | lanumoana /lanumoana/ | lanu moana /lanu moana/ | kahurangi /kahuɾaŋi/ |
| 컴퓨터 | kaombiuta /kaombiuta/ | komupiuta /komupiuta/ | rorouira /ɾoɾouiɾa/ | komipiuta /komipiuta/ | komepiuta /komepiuta/ | komipiuta /komipiuta/ | rorohiko /ɾoɾohiko/ |
| 차(茶) | ii /iː/ | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ | — | tī /tiː/ | tī /tiː/ |
| 커피 | kobe /kobe/ | kofe /kofe/ | kaope /kaope/ | kofe /kofe/ | — | kofi /kofi/ | kawhe /kaɸe/ |
| 설탕 | tioka /sioka/ | suka /suka/ | tuka /tuka/ | suka /suka/ | — | suka /suka/ | huka /huka/ |
| 오렌지 | aoranti /aoɾansi/ | moli /moli/ | ʻānani /ʔaːnani/ | moli /moli/ | moli /moli/ | moli /moli/ | ārani /aːɾani/ |
| 99 | ruabwi ma ruaiwa /ruabʷi ma ruaiwa/ | iva sefulu iva /iva sefulu iva/ | iva ngaʻuru mā iva /iva ŋaʔuɾu maː iva/ | ivasefulu ma le iva /ivasefulu ma le iva/ | iva hefuluiva /iva hefuluiva/ | hivangofulu mā hiva /hivaŋofulu maː hiva/ | iwa tekau mā iwa /iwa tekau maː iwa/ |
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