Vananga Rapa Nui
라파누이어
오스트로네시아어족(폴리네시아어군, 동부)
라파누이어는 칠레령 이스터섬(라파 누이/파스쿠아섬)의 원주민어로, 폴리네시아어파에서 가장 고립된 언어이며 천 년 넘게 다른 폴리네시아 언어들과 분리되어 독자적으로 발전했다. 섬 전통의 롱고롱고 문자(나무판에 새겨진 상형 계열 문자)는 아직 해독되지 않아 언어학 최대 수수께끼 중 하나로 남아있다. 19세기 페루 노예사냥과 천연두로 인구가 거의 소멸된 후 부흥이 진행 중이다. 약 3,500명의 화자, 라틴 문자(á é í ó ú, 성문 폐쇄음 기호)로 표기.
사용 지역
라파누이어의 핵심 단어 87개
출처
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 오스트로네시아어족(폴리네시아어군, 동부)
| 뜻 | 라파누이어 | 마르키즈어 | 투아모투안어 | 쿡 제도 마오리어 | 푸카푸카어 | 마오리어 | 타히티어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | wai /wai/ | wai /wai/ | pape /pape/ |
| 불 | ahi /ahi/ | ahi /ahi/ | ahi /ahi/ | aʻi /aʔi/ | awi /awi/ | ahi /ahi/ | auahi /auahi/ |
| 해 | raʻā /ɾaʔaː/ | ʻoumati /ʔoumati/ | rā /raː/ | rā /raː/ | la /la/ | rā /ɾaː/ | mahana /mahana/ |
| 달 | mahina /mahina/ | mahina /mahina/ | marama /marama/ | marama /marama/ | malama /malama/ | marama /maɾama/ | marama /maɾama/ |
| 별 | hetuʻu /hetuʔu/ | fetuʻu /fetuʔu/ | fetū /fetuː/ | etū /etuː/ | wetū /wetuː/ | whetū /ɸetuː/ | fetiʻa /fetiʔa/ |
| 밤 | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ |
| 비 | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ |
| 바람 | tokerau /tokeɾau/ | metani /metani/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | hau /hau/ | mataʻi /mataʔi/ |
| 흙 | ʻoʻone /ʔoʔone/ | ʻepo /ʔepo/ | repo /repo/ | one /one/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | oneone /oneone/ | repo /ɾepo/ |
| 돌 | maʻea /maʔea/ | keʻa /keʔa/ | pōfatu /poːfatu/ | toka /toka/ | watu /watu/ | kōhatu /koːhatu/ | ʻōfaʻi /ʔoːfaʔi/ |
| 산 | maʻunga /maʔuŋa/ | — | māunga /maːuŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | mouʻa /mouʔa/ |
| 바다 | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | moana /moana/ | moana /moana/ |
| 어머니 | matuʻa vahine /matuʔa vahine/ | kui /kui/ | metua vahine /metua vahine/ | māmā /maːmaː/ | matua wawine /matua wawine/ | whaea /ɸaea/ | māmā /maːmaː/ |
| 아버지 | matuʻa tāne /matuʔa taːne/ | motua /motua/ | metua tāne /metua taːne/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ | matua tāne /matua taːne/ | matua /matua/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ |
| 딸 | poki vahine /poki vahine/ | — | tamahine /tamahine/ | tamaine /tamaine/ | tamāwine /tamaːwine/ | tamāhine /tamaːhine/ | tamāhine /tamaːhine/ |
| 나 | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ |
| 너 | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ |
| 우리 | tatou / matou /tatou / matou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| 이름 | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ikoa /ikoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | iʻoa /iʔoa/ |
| 사람 | tangata /taŋata/ | ʻenana /ʔenana/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | taʻata /taʔata/ |
| 머리 | puʻoko /puʔoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | ulu /ulu/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoʻo /upoʔo/ |
| 눈 | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | karu /kaɾu/ | mata /mata/ |
| 귀 | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | puaʻika /puaʔika/ | taringa /tariŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | tariʻa /taɾiʔa/ |
| 코 | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | putāngiʻu /putaːŋiʔu/ | iyu /iðu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ |
| 입 | haha /haha/ | haha /haha/ | vaha /vaha/ | vaʻa /vaʔa/ | ngutu /ŋutu/ | waha /waha/ | vaha /vaha/ |
| 이 | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ | niʻo /niʔo/ | nio /nio/ | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ |
| 혀 | arero /aɾeɾo/ | ʻeʻo /ʔeʔo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | alelo /alelo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ |
| 손 | rima /ɾima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /rima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | ringa /ɾiŋa/ | rima /ɾima/ |
| 발 | vaʻe /vaʔe/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | waewae /waewae/ | ʻāvae /ʔaːvae/ |
| 마음 | mahatu /mahatu/ | houpo /houpo/ | hōupo /hoːupo/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | loto /loto/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | mafatu /mafatu/ |
| 뼈 | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | kōiwi /koːiwi/ | ivi /ivi/ |
| 피 | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ |
| 똥 | tūtaʻe /tuːtaʔe/ | — | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ |
| 사랑 | hanga /haŋa/ | hanahana /hanahana/ | aroha /aroha/ | aroʻa /aɾoʔa/ | aloa /aloa/ | aroha /aɾoha/ | here /heɾe/ |
| 나무 | tumu rākau /tumu ɾaːkau/ | tumu kahi /tumu kahi/ | rākau /raːkau/ | rākau /raːkau/ | lākau /laːkau/ | rākau /ɾaːkau/ | tumu rāʻau /tumu ɾaːʔau/ |
| 개 | paihenga /paiheŋa/ | peto /peto/ | kuri /kuri/ | puakaoa /puakaoa/ | kulī /kuliː/ | kurī /kuɾiː/ | ʻūrī /ʔuːɾiː/ |
| 고양이 | kati /kati/ | piki /piki/ | — /—/ | ngiao /ŋiao/ | pusi /pusi/ | ngeru /ŋeɾu/ | mīmī /miːmiː/ |
| 물고기 | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | iʻa /iʔa/ |
| 새 | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ |
| 나비 | pepa /pepa/ | — | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | — | pūrerehua /puːɾeɾehua/ | pepe /pepe/ |
| 달걀 | māmari /maːmaɾi/ | mamaʻi /mamaʔi/ | tōuo /toːuo/ | ua /ua/ | wuamoa /wuamoa/ | hēki /heːki/ | huero /hueɾo/ |
| 곰 | oso /oso/ | — | — | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | daba /daba/ |
| 말 | hoi /hoi/ | ekeuna /ekeuna/ | puārehenua /puaːrehenua/ | ʻoroʻenua /ʔoɾoʔenua/ | oloenua /oloenua/ | hōiho /hoːiho/ | puaʻahorofenua /puaʔahoɾofenua/ |
| 집 | hare /haɾe/ | haʻe /haʔe/ | fare /fare/ | ʻare /ʔaɾe/ | wale /wale/ | whare /ɸaɾe/ | fare /faɾe/ |
| 우유 | ū /uː/ | — | — | ū /uː/ | wū /wuː/ | miraka /miɾaka/ | ū /uː/ |
| 꿀 | meri /meɾi/ | — | — | meri /meri/ | meli /meli/ | miere /mieɾe/ | meri /meɾi/ |
| 소금 | miti /miti/ | paʻatai /paʔatai/ | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | tote /tote/ | miti /miti/ |
| 포도주 | vino /vino/ | — | — | uaina /uaina/ | uwaina /uwaina/ | wāina /waːina/ | uaina /uaina/ |
| 쌀 | raiti /ɾaiti/ | — | — | raiti /ɾaiti/ | — | raihi /ɾaihi/ | raiti /ɾaiti/ |
| 철 | auri /auɾi/ | — | kāuri /kaːuri/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuri/ | āuli /aːuli/ | rino /ɾino/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuɾi/ |
| 바퀴 | — /—/ | — | huira /huira/ | porotātā /poɾotaːtaː/ | — | wīra /wiːɾa/ | huira /huiɾa/ |
| 비단 | sea /sea/ | — | — | tīrika /tiːɾika/ | tilika /tilika/ | hiraka /hiɾaka/ | — |
| 책 | puka /puka/ | — | puta /puta/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | pukapuka /pukapuka/ | puta /puta/ |
| 먹다 | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | ʻamu /ʔamu/ |
| 마시다 | unu /unu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ |
| 자다 | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | taʻoto /taʔoto/ |
| 하나 | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | taʻi /taʔi/ | tayi /taði/ | tahi /tahi/ | hōʻē /hoːʔeː/ |
| 둘 | rua /ɾua/ | ʻua /ʔua/ | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | rua /ɾua/ | piti /piti/ |
| 셋 | toru /toɾu/ | toʻu /toʔu/ | toru /toɾu/ | toru /toɾu/ | tolu /tolu/ | toru /toɾu/ | toru /toɾu/ |
| 넷 | hā /haː/ | hā /haː/ | hā /haː/ | ʻā /ʔaː/ | wā /waː/ | whā /ɸaː/ | maha /maha/ |
| 다섯 | rima /ɾima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /ɾima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | rima /ɾima/ | pae /pae/ |
| 백 | rau /ɾau/ | ʻau /ʔau/ | hānere /haːnere/ | ʻānere /ʔaːnere/ | lau /lau/ | rau /ɾau/ | hānere /haːneɾe/ |
| 안녕하세요 | ʻiorana /ʔioɾana/ | kaʻoha /kaʔoha/ | — /—/ | kia orāna /kia oɾaːna/ | kia orana /kia oɾana/ | kia ora /kia oɾa/ | ʻia ora na /ʔia oɾa na/ |
| 감사합니다 | maururu /mauɾuɾu/ | mauruuru /mauɾuuɾu/ | — /—/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | ngā mihi /ŋaː mihi/ | māuruuru /maːuɾuuɾu/ |
| 좋은 | riva /ɾiva/ | meitaʻi /meitaʔi/ | maitaki /maitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | lelei /lelei/ | pai /pai/ | maitaʻi /maitaʔi/ |
| 새로운 | hoʻou /hoʔou/ | hou /hou/ | hoou /hoou/ | ʻou /ʔou/ | wou /wou/ | hou /hou/ | ʻāpī /ʔaːpiː/ |
| 빨강 | mea mea /mea mea/ | kuʻa /kuʔa/ | kura /kuɾa/ | muramura /muɾamuɾa/ | kula /kula/ | whero /ɸeɾo/ | ʻuteʻute /ʔuteʔute/ |
| 하양 | tea tea /tea tea/ | tea /tea/ | tea /tea/ | teatea /teatea/ | tea /tea/ | mā /maː/ | teatea /teatea/ |
| 검정 | uri uri /uɾi uɾi/ | keʻekeʻe /keʔekeʔe/ | kere /kere/ | kerekere /keɾekeɾe/ | uli /uli/ | mangu /maŋu/ | ʻereʻere /ʔeɾeʔeɾe/ |
| 초록 | rito mata /ɾito mata/ | — | matie /matie/ | matie /matie/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | kākāriki /kaːkaːɾiki/ | matie /matie/ |
| 파랑 | moana /moana/ | moho /moho/ | ninamu /ninamu/ | auīka /auiːka/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | kahurangi /kahuɾaŋi/ | nīnamu /niːnamu/ |
| 설탕 | tihota /tihota/ | — | — | tuka /tuka/ | — | huka /huka/ | tihota /tihota/ |
| 99 | iva ʻahuru mā iva /iva ʔahuɾu maː iva/ | — | — | iva ngaʻuru mā iva /iva ŋaʔuɾu maː iva/ | — | iwa tekau mā iwa /iwa tekau maː iwa/ | — |
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