Nasa Yuwe
Páez
lugha pweke (nyakati nyingine huwekwa katika kundi la Paez)
Páez (Nasa Yuwe, "lugha ya watu") ni lugha ya watu wa Nasa wa kusini-magharibi mwa Kolombia, ambayo kwa kawaida huainishwa kama lugha pweke (pendekezo la familia ya Paezan inayoiunganisha na lugha pweke jirani linapingwa). Ni lugha ya toni yenye konsonanti za kuzomea (ejective) na mfumo changamano wa kitenzi wa kiaspekti. Jamii ya Nasa inaendesha vuguvugu kubwa zaidi la elimu na siasa linaloongozwa na wenyeji nchini Kolombia (CRIC, lililoanzishwa 1971), na Nasa Yuwe hufundishwa katika shule za jamii zaidi ya 100. Imetambuliwa kimataifa kwa upinzani wa kudumu usio na vurugu wa Nasa dhidi ya kuhamishwa wakati wa mzozo wa silaha wa Kolombia.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Páez
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: lugha pweke (nyakati nyingine huwekwa katika kundi la Paez)
| Maana | Páez | Kikecha cha Ayacucho | Kiwichi | Kinahuatl cha Huasteca cha Mashariki | Kikecha cha Cuzco | Kikechua | Kitojolabal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | yuʼ /juʔ/ | yaku /jaku/ | inät /inɑt/ | atl /atɬ/ | unu /unu/ | yaku /jaku/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ |
| Moto | ipx /ipʲ/ | nina /nina/ | itäj /itɑx/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | nina /nina/ | nina /nina/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ |
| Jua | sek /sek/ | inti /inti/ | ifwala /ifʷala/ | tonati /tonati/ | inti /inti/ | inti /inti/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ |
| Mwezi | aʼte /aʔte/ | killa /kiʎa/ | welʼa /weʔla/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | killa /kiʎa/ | killa /kiʎa/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ |
| Nyota | ãʼ /ãʔ/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | kates /kates/ | sitlali /siˈtɬali/ | quyllur /ˈqojʎur/ | quyllur /ˈqujʎuɾ/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ |
| Usiku | kus /kus/ | tuta /tuta/ | honatsi /honatsi/ | yohuali /jowali/ | tuta /tuta/ | tuta /tuta/ | aʼkwal /aʔkʷal/ |
| Mvua | nus /nus/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | pelhay /peɬaj/ | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ | para /ˈpara/ | para /ˈpaɾa/ | — |
| Theluji | yãdx /jãdʲ/ | rasu /ɾasu/ | — | citlal cetl /sitɬal setɬ/ | ritʼi /ritʼi/ | ritʼi /ɾitʼi/ | sakal kʼinal /sakal kʼinal/ |
| Upepo | wejxa /wexʲa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | ihwok /ihʷok/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | wayra /ˈwajɾa/ | ikʼ /ʔikʼ/ |
| Udongo | kiwe /kiwe/ | allpa /aʎpa/ | honhat /hon̥at/ | tlali /tɬali/ | allpa /alʲpa/ | allpa /aʎpa/ | luʼum /luʔum/ |
| Jiwe | kwet /kwet/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | tunte /tunte/ | tetl /tetɬ/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | rumi /ˈɾumi/ | ton /ton/ |
| Mlima | vxiç wala /βʲits wala/ | urqu /uɾqu/ | chenaj /tʃenax/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | urqu /urqu/ | urqu /ˈuɾqu/ | wits /wits/ |
| Bahari | ĩkh wala /ĩkʰ wala/ | lamar qucha /lamaɾ qutʃa/ | lewomekitaj /lewomekitax/ | hueyi atl /weˈji atɬ/ | mama qucha /mama qutʃa/ | mama qucha /mama ˈqutʃa/ | niwan paman jaʼ /niwan paman haʔ/ |
| Mama | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | lako /lako/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | nan /nan/ |
| Baba | tata /tata/ | tayta /tajta/ | lajcha /laxtʃa/ | tata /tata/ | tayta /tajta/ | tayta /tajta/ | tat /tat/ |
| Binti | niisa /niːsa/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | lhäse /ɬɑse/ | noichpoca /noitʃˈpoka/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | ususi /uˈsusi/ | ʼixukil /ʔiʃukil/ |
| Mimi | adx /adʲ/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | olham /olam/ | na /na/ | ñuqa /ˈɲoqa/ | ñuqa /ˈɲuqa/ | keʼn /keʔn/ |
| Wewe | idx /idʲ/ | qam /qam/ | am /am/ | ta /ta/ | qan /qan/ | qam /qam/ | weʼn /weʔn/ |
| Sisi | kweʼsx /kweʔʃ/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | olhamel /olamel/ | tojuanti /toˈhwanti/ | ñuqanchis / ñuqayku /ɲoˈqantʃis / ɲoˈqajku/ | ñuqanchik / ñuqayku /ɲuˈqantʃik / ɲuˈqajku/ | keʼntik / keʼntikon /keʔntik / keʔntikon/ |
| Jina | yase /jase/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | lhey /ɬej/ | tocaitl /tokaitɬ/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | suti /ˈsuti/ | bʼiʼil /ɓiʔil/ |
| Mtu | nasa /nasa/ | runa /ɾuna/ | wichi /witʃi/ | tlacatl /ˈtɬakatɬ/ | runa /runa/ | runa /ˈɾuna/ | winkil /winkil/ |
| Kichwa | dxikthe /dʲiktʰe/ | uma /uma/ | lhetek /ɬetek/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | uma /uma/ | uma /ˈuma/ | ʼolom /ʔolom/ |
| Jicho | yafx /jaɸʲ/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | tatelho /tateɬo/ | ixtiyol /iʃtijol/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | ñawi /ɲawi/ | satej /sateh/ |
| Sikio | thũʼwẽ /tʰũʔwẽ/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | lechʼote /letʃʼote/ | nacastli /nakastɬi/ | rinri /rinri/ | rinri /ɾinɾi/ | chikin /tʃikin/ |
| Pua | ĩç /ĩts/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | lenhus /len̥us/ | yacatl /jakatɬ/ | sinqa /ˈsɛnqa/ | sinqa /ˈsinqa/ | niʼ /niʔ/ |
| Mdomo | yuwe /juwe/ | simi /simi/ | lakʼaj /lakʼax/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | simi /simi/ | simi /ˈsimi/ | tiʼ /tiʔ/ |
| Jino | kiʼth /kiʔtʰ/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | tsuteʼ /tsuteʔ/ | tlancochtli /tɬankotʃtɬi/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | kiru /kiɾu/ | ex /eʃ/ |
| Ulimi | thune /tʰune/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | lakʼajlhichʼu /lakʼaxɬitʃʼu/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | qallu /qaʎu/ | akʼ /akʼ/ |
| Mkono | kuse /kuse/ | maki /maki/ | takwey /takʷej/ | mayitl /majitɬ/ | maki /maki/ | maki /maki/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ |
| Mguu | čida /tʃida/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | pachʼu /patʃʼu/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | chaki /tʃaki/ | ok /ok/ |
| Moyo | ũus /ũːs/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | lehusek /lehusek/ | yollotl /jolːotɬ/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | sunqu /suŋqu/ | altzil /altsil/ |
| Mfupa | dxiʼth /dʲiʔtʰ/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | lhile /ɬile/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | tullu /tuʎu/ | bakel /ɓakel/ |
| Damu | ee /eː/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | lewʼoyis /lewʼojis/ | estli /estɬi/ | yawar /jawar/ | yawar /jawaɾ/ | chikʼel /tʃikʼel/ |
| Upendo | peeygãh /peːjɡãh/ | kuyay /kujaj/ | ihemin /ihemin/ | tlasojtla /tɬasohtɬa/ | munay /munaj/ | munay /munaj/ | skʼana /skʼana/ |
| Mti | fxtũu tasx /ɸʲtũː taʃ/ | sacha /satʃa/ | halʼä /haʔlɑ/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitɬ/ | sachʼa /satʃʼa/ | sacha /satʃa/ | teʼ /teʔ/ |
| Mbwa | alku /alku/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | asinaj /asinax/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | allqu /aʎqu/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ |
| Paka | misx /miʃ/ | michi /mitʃi/ | mitsi /mitsi/ | mizto /misto/ | misi /misi/ | misi /misi/ | mis /mis/ |
| Samaki | wedx /wedʲ/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | wʼahat /wʼahat/ | michi /mitʃi/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | chay /tʃaj/ |
| Ndege | vxiçxakwe /βʲitʃakwe/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | afwenche /afʷentʃe/ | tototl /ˈtototɬ/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | pisqu /pisqu/ | yal chan /jal tʃan/ |
| Kipepeo | çmehme /tsmehme/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | chukuk /tʃukuk/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pillpintu /piʎpintu/ | pejpen /pehpen/ |
| Yai | ziç /tsits/ | runtu /ɾuntu/ | lhichʼu /ɬitʃʼu/ | tejquistli /tehkistɬi/ | runtu /runtu/ | runtu /ˈɾuntu/ | nolobʼ /noloɓ/ |
| Dubu | eʼsxavy /eʔʃaβʲ/ | ukumari /ukumaɾi/ | selaj /selax/ | oso /oso/ | ukuku /ukuku/ | ukumari /ukumaɾi/ | oso /oso/ |
| Farasi | jiba /hiba/ | kaballu /kabaʎu/ | yelʼataj /jeʔlatax/ | cahuayo /kaˈwajo/ | kawallu /kawaʎu/ | kawallu /kaˈwaʎu/ | kawu /kawu/ |
| Nyumba | yat /jat/ | wasi /wasi/ | lewukwe /lewukʷe/ | cali /kali/ | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | naj /nah/ |
| Maziwa | leçxi /letʃi/ | lichi /litʃi/ | letsi /letsi/ | lechi /letʃi/ | lichi /litʃi/ | lichi /ˈlitʃi/ | lech /letʃ/ |
| Asali | çxhiʼdx mil /tʃʰiʔdʲ mil/ | miski /miski/ | akäyek /akɑjek/ | nectli /nektɬi/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | chab /tʃaɓ/ |
| Chumvi | nega /neɡa/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | nisoy /nisoj/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | kachi /ˈkatʃi/ | atsʼam /atsʼam/ |
| Mvinyo | vxino /βʲino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | wina /wiˈna/ | xocomeca atl /ʃokomeka atɬ/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | yaalel tzʼusub /jaːlel tsʼusub/ |
| Mchele | luus /luːs/ | arus /ˈaɾus/ | alus /alus/ | — | arus /arus/ | arus /ˈaɾus/ | ʼaros /ʔaros/ |
| Chuma | çam /tsam/ | fierro /ˈfjeɾo/ | chinaj /tʃinax/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | qʼillay /ˈqʼiʎaj/ | takʼin /takʼin/ |
| Kitabu | libru /libɾu/ | libru /libɾu/ | liwlu /liwlu/ | amatl /amatɬ/ | liwru /liwru/ | liwru /ˈliwɾu/ | juʼun /huʔun/ |
| Kula | ũʼ /ũʔ/ | mikuy /mikuj/ | tʼek /tʼek/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | mikhuy /mikʰuj/ | waʼel /waʔel/ |
| Kunywa | tudx /tudʲ/ | upyay /upjaj/ | iyä /ijɑ/ | atli /atɬi/ | upyay /upjaj/ | upyay /upjaj/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Kulala | dee /deː/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | imä /imɑ/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | puñuy /puˈɲuj/ | wayel /wajel/ |
| Moja | teeçx /teːtʃ/ | huk /huk/ | elh /eɬ/ | se /se/ | huk /huk/ | huk /huk/ | jun /hun/ |
| Mbili | eʼz /eʔts/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | nitewk /nitewk/ | ome /ˈome/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | iskay /ˈiskaj/ | chabʼ /tʃaɓ/ |
| Tatu | tekh /tekʰ/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | laxtumxwaya /laxtumxʷaja/ | eyi /ejiː/ | kinsa /kinsa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | oxe /oʃe/ |
| Nne | pahz /paʰts/ | tawa /tawa/ | — | nahui /naːwi/ | tawa /tawa/ | tawa /tawa/ | chane /tʃane/ |
| Tano | tahç /taʰts/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | — | macuili /maˈkʷili/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | pichqa /ˈpitʃqa/ | joʼe /hoʔe/ |
| Mia | cien /sjen/ | pachak /patʃak/ | sien /sjen/ | cien /sjen/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | pachak /ˈpatʃak/ | joʼ winkeʼ /hoʔ winkeʔ/ |
| Habari | mañi /maɲi/ | napaykullayki /napajkuʎajki/ | hayej /hajex/ | pialli /pialːi/ | rimaykullayki /rimajkuʎajki/ | allillanchu /aʎiʎantʃu/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ |
| Asante | pay /paj/ | añay /aɲaj/ | nehayij /nehajix/ | tlascamati /tɬaskamati/ | añay /aɲaj/ | sulpayki /sulpajki/ | yuj /juh/ |
| Nzuri | ew /ew/ | allin /aʎin/ | is /is/ | cuali /kʷali/ | allin /aʎin/ | allin /aʎin/ | lek /lek/ |
| Mpya | uʼse /uʔse/ | musuq /musuq/ | nechʼayek /netʃʼajek/ | yancuic /ˈjankʷik/ | musuq /musuq/ | musuq /ˈmusuq/ | yajkʼachil /jahkʼatʃil/ |
| Nyekundu | beh /beh/ | puka /puka/ | chot /tʃot/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | chak /tʃak/ |
| Nyeupe | çxihme /tʃihme/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | pelaj /pelax/ | chipahuac /tʃipawak/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | yuraq /ˈjuɾaq/ | sak /sak/ |
| Nyeusi | khũçx /kʰũtʃ/ | yana /jana/ | chalaj /tʃalax/ | yayahuic /jaˈjawik/ | yana /jana/ | yana /jana/ | kʼikʼ /kʼikʼ/ |
| Kijani | çẽy /tsẽj/ | qumir /qumiɾ/ | watsan /watsan/ | xoxohuic /ʃoˈʃowik/ | qʼumir /qʼumir/ | qʼomer /qʼomeɾ/ | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ |
| Buluu | çẽy /tsẽj/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | watsan /watsan/ | azultic /aˈsultik/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | anqas /aŋqas/ | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ |
| Sukari | suulʼkal /suːlʔkal/ | asukar /aˈsukaɾ/ | asukwi /asukʷi/ | tzopelictli /tsopeliktɬi/ | asukar /aˈsukar/ | asukar /aˈsukaɾ/ | sakal askal /sakal ʔaskal/ |
| 99 | nowenta y nwewe /nowenta i nwewe/ | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /isqun tʃunka isqunnijuq/ | — | — | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /ˈisqun ˈtʃunka isqunniˈjuq/ | isqun chunka isqunniyuq /isqun tʃunka isqunnijuq/ | chan tajbʼe sok bʼalun lajune /tʃan tahɓe sok ɓalun lahune/ |
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