Seediq Truku
Kitruku/Seediq
Kiaustronesia (Atayalic)
Truku na Seediq zinahusiana kwa karibu (mara nyingi huchukuliwa kama lahaja za lugha moja) na zilitenganishwa kisiasa/kirasmi na Atayal mwaka 2008 (Truku) na 2017 (Seediq). Zinazungumzwa Hualien (Truku) na Nantou (Seediq), na wazungumzaji wake kihistoria waliishi eneo la Korongo la Taroko. Tawi la Kiatayali la Kiaustronesia cha Kiformosa, lenye mofolojia ya kitenzi tajiri ikijumuisha kauli ya kitovu (focus voice). Wazungumzaji wapatao 30,000.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kitruku/Seediq
patas samaw
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Kiaustronesia (Atayalic)
| Maana | Kitruku/Seediq | Kiatayal | Kipazeh | Kimalei cha Kale | Kisakizaya | Kibunun | Kithao |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | qsiya /qsija/ | qsyaʼ /qsijaʔ/ | dalum /dalum/ | air /air/ | nanum /nanum/ | danum /danum/ | sazum /saðum/ |
| Moto | puniq /puniq/ | puniq /puniq/ | hapuy /hapuj/ | api /api/ | lamal /lamal/ | sapuz /sapuz/ | apuy /apuj/ |
| Jua | hidaw /hidaw/ | wagiʼ /waɡiʔ/ | rizax /ɾizax/ | matari /matari/ | cidal /tʃidal/ | vali /vali/ | fitulha /fituʎa/ |
| Mwezi | idas /idas/ | byacing /bjatʃiŋ/ | ilas /ilas/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulad /bulad/ | buan /buan/ | furaz /fuɾað/ |
| Nyota | pngrah /pŋəɾah/ | bingah /biŋah/ | mintol /mintol/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | boʼis /boʔis/ | bintuhan /bintuhan/ | fituʼish /fituʔiʃ/ |
| Usiku | keeman /kəman/ | mlhngan /mlhŋan/ | xinian /xinian/ | malam /malam/ | labiʼ /labiʔ/ | labian /labian/ | tanlhuan /tanɬuan/ |
| Mvua | quyux /qujux/ | qwalax /qwalax/ | udan /udan/ | — | ʼudad /ʔuðað/ | qudan /qudan/ | qusaz /qusað/ |
| Theluji | huda /huda/ | hlaqiy /hlaqij/ | hahela /hahela/ | — | sulda /sulda/ | paav /paav/ | ulhza /uɬða/ |
| Upepo | bgihur /bɡihuɾ/ | behuy /bəhuj/ | bari /baɾi/ | — | baliʼ /baliʔ/ | luvluv /luvluv/ | fari /faɾi/ |
| Udongo | dxgal /dəxɡal/ | rhzyal /rhzjal/ | daxe /daxəʔ/ | — | lalaʼ /ɾaɾaʔ/ | dalah /dalah/ | pruq /pruq/ |
| Jiwe | btunux /btunux/ | btunux /btunux/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ | baʼtu /baʔtu/ | batu /batu/ | fatu /fatu/ |
| Mlima | dgiyaq /dɡijaq/ | rgyax /rɣjax/ | — | — | buyuʼ /bujuʔ/ | ludun /ludun/ | huzun /huðun/ |
| Bahari | gsilung /ɡsiluŋ/ | bsilung /bsiluŋ/ | awas /awas/ | — | bayu /baju/ | ning-av /ŋiŋʔav/ | wazakan /waðakan/ |
| Mama | bubu /bubu/ | yayaʼ /jajaʔ/ | ina /ina/ | ibu /ibu/ | ina /ina/ | tina /tina/ | ina /ina/ |
| Baba | tama /tama/ | yabaʼ /jabaʔ/ | aba /aba/ | bapa /bapa/ | ama /ama/ | tama /tama/ | ama /ama/ |
| Binti | wauwa /wauwa/ | laqi kneril /laqi knəril/ | — | — | tatayna a wawa /tatajna a wawa/ | uvaazpingaz /uvaazpiŋaz/ | — |
| Mimi | yaku /jaku/ | kuzing /kuziŋ/ | yaku /jaku/ | aku /aku/ | zaku /ʐaku/ | saikin /saikin/ | yaku /jaku/ |
| Wewe | isu /ʔisu/ | isuʼ /ʔisuʔ/ | isiu /isiu/ | kamu /kamu/ | kisu /kisu/ | suu /suʔu/ | ihu /ʔihu/ |
| Sisi | ita / yami /ʔita / jami/ | itaʼ / sami /itaʔ / sami/ | ita / yami /ita / jami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | kata / kaimin /kata / kaimin/ | ita / yamin /ʔita / jamin/ |
| Jina | hangan /haŋan/ | laluʼ /laluʔ/ | ngadan /ŋadan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | ngangan /ŋaŋan/ | ngaan /ŋaan/ | tanan /tanan/ |
| Mtu | seediq /sədiq/ | squliq /squliq/ | saw /saw/ | — | tademaw /tadəmaw/ | bunun /bunun/ | caw /θaw/ |
| Kichwa | tunux /tunux/ | tunux /tunux/ | punu /punu/ | — | tangah /taŋah/ | bungu /buŋu/ | punuq /punuq/ |
| Jicho | dowriq /dowɾiq/ | roziq /roziq/ | daurik /dauɾik/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | maca /maθa/ |
| Sikio | birat /biɾat/ | papak /paˈpak/ | sainga /saiŋa/ | — | tangilaʼ /taŋilaʔ/ | tainga /taiŋa/ | lharina /ɬarina/ |
| Pua | muhing /muhiŋ/ | nguhuw /ŋuhuw/ | muzing /muziŋ/ | — | cihek /tsihək/ | ngutus /ŋutus/ | muzin /muðin/ |
| Mdomo | quwaq /quwaq/ | nqwaq /nqwaq/ | ahan /ahan/ | — | laway /lawaj/ | ngulus /ŋulus/ | ruzic /ɺuðiθ/ |
| Jino | rupun /ɾupun/ | gʼnux /ɡʔnux/ | lepeng /ləpəŋ/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | ngipən /ŋipən/ | nipun /nipun/ | nipin /nipin/ |
| Ulimi | hema /həma/ | hmaʼ /hmaʔ/ | dahama /dahama/ | lidah /lidah/ | səmaʼ /səmaʔ/ | mamaʼ /mamaʔ/ | zama /ðama/ |
| Mkono | baga /baɡa/ | qbaʼ /qbaʔ/ | rima /ɾima/ | tangan /taŋan/ | kamay /kamai/ | ima /ima/ | lima /lima/ |
| Mguu | papak /papak/ | kakay /kakaj/ | karaw /kaɾaw/ | — | — | bantas /bantas/ | kuskus /kuskus/ |
| Moyo | lnglungan /lŋluŋan/ | nyux /njux/ | baga /baɡa/ | hati /hati/ | gawang /ɡawaŋ/ | is-ang /isaŋ/ | putul /putul/ |
| Mfupa | but /but/ | baqniʼ /baqniʔ/ | bul /bul/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | ʼukak /ʔukak/ | tuhnaz /tuhnað/ | puʼu /puʔu/ |
| Damu | dara /daɾa/ | ramuʼ /ramuʔ/ | damu /damu/ | darah /darah/ | ʼidang /ʔidaŋ/ | haidang /haidaŋ/ | talhum /taɬum/ |
| Kinyesi | quti /quti/ | quciʼ /qutsiʔ/ | — | — | taiʼ /taiʔ/ | taki /taki/ | caqi /θaqi/ |
| Upendo | gmalu /ɡmalu/ | kmalu inlungan /kmalu inluŋan/ | — /—/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | maolah /maolah/ | madaidaz /madaidaz/ | madaidaz /madaiðað/ |
| Mti | qhuni /qhuni/ | qhuniq /qhuniq/ | kahuy /kahuj/ | kayu /kaju/ | kilang /kilaŋ/ | kahu /kahu/ | lhalum /ʎalum/ |
| Mbwa | huling /huliŋ/ | huzil /huzil/ | wazu /wazu/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | waco /watʃo/ | asu /asu/ | atu /atu/ |
| Paka | ngiyaw /ŋijaw/ | ngiyaw /ŋijaw/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | posi /posi/ | ngingiyaw /ŋiŋijaw/ | posi /posi/ |
| Samaki | qsurux /qsuɾux/ | qulih /quliç/ | alaw /alaw/ | ikan /ikan/ | buting /butiŋ/ | iskan /iskan/ | rusaw /ɾusaw/ |
| Ndege | qbhni /qbhəni/ | qbhniq /qbhniq/ | ayam /ajam/ | burung /buruŋ/ | ayam /ajam/ | hazam /hazam/ | rumfaz /ɾumfað/ |
| Kipepeo | klaway /klawaj/ | kperay /kpəraj/ | — | — | adipapang /adipapaŋ/ | balikuan /balikuan/ | kurari /kuɾaɾi/ |
| Yai | balung /baluŋ/ | bazing /baziŋ/ | batu pataru /batu pataɾu/ | — | tiʼkuk /tiʔkuk/ | lububunun /lububunun/ | qaricuy /qaɾiθuj/ |
| Dubu | sumay /sumaj/ | ngarux /ŋarux/ | — | — | tumay /tumai/ | tumaz /tumað/ | cumay /θumai/ |
| Farasi | dmay /dmaj/ | rmeʼ /rməʔ/ | gamay /ɡamaj/ | — | kabayu /kabaju/ | tasasikis /tasasikis/ | tishmamraw /tiʃmamɾaw/ |
| Nyumba | sapah /sapah/ | ngasal /ŋasal/ | xuma /xuma/ | rumah /rumah/ | luma /luma/ | lumaq /lumaq/ | kayan /kajan/ |
| Maziwa | nunuh /nunuh/ | mirukuʼ /mirukuʔ/ | nunuh /nunuh/ | susu /susu/ | hacul /hatsul/ | susu /susu/ | — |
| Asali | beyuq /bejuq/ | buq na hzing /buq na hziŋ/ | — | — | waneng nu wadu /wanəŋ nu wadu/ | vanu /vanu/ | fulhia wa madahun /fuɬia wa madahun/ |
| Chumvi | cimu /tsimu/ | cimuʼ /tsimuʔ/ | pahah /pahah/ | garam /ɡaram/ | cikah /tsikah/ | hasila /hasila/ | qtilha /qtiɬa/ |
| Mvinyo | sinaw /sinaw/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mchele | buwax payay /buwax pajaj/ | bwax /bwax/ | — | — | belac /bəlats/ | cilas /tsilas/ | — |
| Chuma | xiluy /xiluj/ | baliq /baliq/ | — | — | mukin /mukin/ | ngul-a /ŋulʔa/ | balis /balis/ |
| Gurudumu | ribaw /ɾibaw/ | hbangan /hbaŋan/ | — | — | bihel /bihel/ | tauntaun /tauntaun/ | — |
| Kitabu | patis /patis/ | biruʼ /biruʔ/ | babizu /babizu/ | — | cudad /tsudad/ | patasan /patasan/ | patashan /pataʃan/ |
| Kula | meekan /meekan/ | maniq /maniq/ | mekan /məkan/ | makan /makan/ | hekal /hekal/ | maun /maun/ | kuman /kuman/ |
| Kunywa | mimah /mimah/ | mnbuw /mnbuw/ | mimaazip /mimaːzip/ | minum /minum/ | mihecak /mihetʃak/ | muqun /muqun/ | naqayan /naqajan/ |
| Kulala | mtaqi /mtaqi/ | mʼabiʼ /mʔabiʔ/ | masuaw /masuaw/ | tidur /tidur/ | mabiʼ /mabiʔ/ | masabah /masabah/ | malhus /maɬus/ |
| Moja | kingal /kiŋal/ | qutux /qutux/ | adang /adaŋ/ | sa /sa/ | cacay /tʃatʃai/ | tasa /tasa/ | tata /tata/ |
| Mbili | dha /daha/ | sazing /saziŋ/ | dusa /dusa/ | dua /dua/ | tusa /tusa/ | dusa /dusa/ | tusha /tuʃa/ |
| Tatu | teru /təɾu/ | cyugal /tsjuɡal/ | turu /tuɾu/ | tlu /tlu/ | tulu /tulu/ | tau /tau/ | turu /tuɾu/ |
| Nne | sepac /səpats/ | payat /pajat/ | supat /supat/ | mpat /əmpat/ | sepat /səpat/ | paat /paːt/ | shpat /ʃpat/ |
| Tano | rima /ɾima/ | magal /maɣal/ | xasep /xasəp/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | hima /hima/ | rima /rima/ |
| Mia | kbekuy /kbəkuj/ | kbhul /kβhul/ | haten /hatən/ | ratus /ratus/ | lasubu /lasubu/ | saba /saba/ | shaba /ʃaba/ |
| Habari | embiyax /əmbijax/ | lokah /lokah/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | marayas /maɾajas/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | ya /ja/ |
| Asante | mhuway /mhuwaj/ | mhuway /mhuwaj/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | lalumahan /lalumahan/ | uninang /uninaŋ/ | mihu /mihu/ |
| Nzuri | malu /malu/ | blaq /blaq/ | — /—/ | baik /baik/ | kapah /kapah/ | masial /masial/ | kapah /kapah/ |
| Mpya | bgurah /bɡuɾah/ | geqas /ɡəqas/ | xias /xias/ | — | baluhay /baluhaj/ | bahlu /baɬu/ | faqlhu /faqɬu/ |
| Nyekundu | mbanah /mbanah/ | mtalah /mtalah/ | lubahing /lubahiŋ/ | merah /merah/ | sumanah /sumanah/ | madanghas /madaŋhas/ | mashinaw /maʃinaw/ |
| Nyeupe | bhgay /bhəɡaj/ | plqwiʼ /plqwiʔ/ | risilaw /ɾisilaw/ | putih /putih/ | sanglac /saŋlatʃ/ | maduhlas /maduɬas/ | mapuzi /mapuði/ |
| Nyeusi | mqalux /mqalux/ | mqalux /mqalux/ | terehen /təɾəhən/ | hitam /hitam/ | lumeniʼ /luməniʔ/ | matahdung /matahduŋ/ | maqusum /maqusum/ |
| Kijani | msama /msama/ | mtasiq /mtasiq/ | tululik /tululik/ | — | langdaway /laŋdawaj/ | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | madishlum /madiʃlum/ |
| Buluu | mgkarats /mŋ̩kaɾats/ | mtasiq /mtasiq/ | — | — | sumilaway /sumilawaj/ | masanglav /masaŋlav/ | madishlum /madiʃlum/ |
| Kompyuta | patas samaw | tennaw /tənnaw/ | — | — | tingnaw /tiŋnaw/ | tinnau /tinnau/ | tiannau /tiannau/ |
| Chai | ocya /otsja/ | ocyaʼ /otsjaʔ/ | — | — | ucya /utʃja/ | ucia /utsia/ | — |
| Sukari | qmsiya /qəmsija/ | kmsyaʼ /kmsjaʔ/ | — | — | waneng /wanəŋ/ | kamasia /kamasia/ | — |
| Chungwa | mami /mami/ | yutak /jutak/ | — | — | — | izuk /izuk/ | — |
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