Lingála
Lingala
Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Bangi-Tetela)
Lingala (lingála) is a Bantu language and major lingua franca of the Congo River basin, with ~40M speakers (mostly L2) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. Originating as a 19th-century pidginized Bobangi trade language used by Belgian colonial administrators and the Congo Free State, it expanded as a vehicular language and the language of the Congolese armed forces. Lingala-language rumba and soukous music (Franco, Papa Wemba, Koffi Olomide) achieved enormous Pan-African cultural influence in the 20th century. Has 7 vowels and 2 phonemic tones (high vs. low).
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Lingala
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Atlantic-Congo (Bantu, Bangi-Tetela)
| Meaning | Lingala | Mongo | Kikongo | Luba-Kasai | Luvale | Nyamwezi | Tetela |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | máí /máí/ | nzá /nzá/ | maza /maza/ | mâyi /maːji/ | meya /meja/ | minzi /minzi/ | ashi /aʃi/ |
| Fire | mɔ́tɔ /mɔ́tɔ/ | mokɛ́ /mokɛ́/ | tiya /tija/ | kapia /kapia/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | moto /moto/ | dja /dʒa/ |
| Sun | mói /mói/ | lokɔlɔ /lokɔlɔ/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ | dîba /diːba/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | onya /oɲa/ |
| Moon | sánzá /sánzá/ | nzɔnzɔ /nzɔnzɔ/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ |
| Star | monzoto /monzɔtɔ/ | monzoto /monzoto/ | mbwetete /mbwetete/ | mutoto /mutoto/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | ɔtɔtɔ /ɔtɔtɔ/ |
| Night | butu /butu/ | bocho /botʃo/ | builu /builu/ | butuku /butuku/ | ufuku /ufuku/ | buziku /buziku/ | otsho /otʃo/ |
| Rain | mbula /ˈᵐbula/ | mbula /mbula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | vula /vula/ | mvula /mvula/ | mvula /mvula/ |
| Snow | neje /neʒe/ | — | mvula ya mpembe /mvula ja mpembe/ | neje /neʒe/ | mbundu /mbundu/ | theluji /θeluʒi/ | loonge /looŋɡe/ |
| Wind | mopepe /mopepe/ | impempe /impempe/ | mupepe /mupepe/ | tshipepele /tʃipepele/ | peho /peho/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | lopepe /lopepe/ |
| Earth | mabele /mabele/ | bamoci /bamotʃi/ | ntoto /ntoto/ | buloba /buloba/ | mavu /mavu/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | kete /kete/ |
| Stone | libanga /liˈɓaŋɡa/ | ekenje /ekendʒe/ | tadi /ˈtadi/ | dibue /diˈbwe/ | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | iwe /iwe/ | dive /dive/ |
| Mountain | ngómbá /ŋɡómbá/ | ngongo /ŋɡoŋɡo/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | mukuna /mukuna/ | pili /pili/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | ukungu /ukuŋɡu/ |
| Sea | mbu /ᵐbu/ | lieke jʼokwa /lieke dʒokwa/ | mbu /mbu/ | mbuwu /mbuwu/ | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | ashi a wuki /aʃi a wuki/ |
| Mother | mamá /mamá/ | nyangó /ɲaŋɡó/ | mama /mama/ | mâmu /maːmu/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ | nyango /ɲaŋɡo/ |
| Father | tatá /tatá/ | ise /ise/ | tata /tata/ | tâtu /taːtu/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | shi /ʃi/ |
| Daughter | mwana mwasi /mwana mwasi/ | bona owʼomoto /bona owomoto/ | mwana ya nkento /mwana ja nkento/ | muana wa bakaji /muana wa bakaʒi/ | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | ona umuntu /ona umuntu/ |
| I | ngai /ⁿɡai/ | ngai /ŋɡai/ | mono /mono/ | meme /meme/ | ami /ami/ | nene /ˈnene/ | dimi /dimi/ |
| You | yo /jo/ | yɔ /jɔ/ | ngeye /ŋɡeje/ | wewe /wewe/ | ove /ove/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | wɛ /wɛ/ |
| We | biso /biso/ | iso /iso/ | beto /beto/ | tuetu /tuetu/ | etu /etu/ | iswe /iswe/ | sho /ʃo/ |
| Name | nkombo /ⁿkombo/ | nkombo /nkombo/ | nkumbu /nkumbu/ | dîna /diːna/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | lina /ˈlina/ | lokombo /lokombo/ |
| Person | moto /moto/ | bonto /bonto/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | munhu /munhu/ | untu /untu/ |
| Head | motó /motó/ | botsa /botsa/ | ntu /ntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mtwe /mtwe/ | ote /ote/ |
| Eye | líso /líso/ | liso /liso/ | disu /disu/ | dîsu /diːsu/ | liso /liso/ | liso /liso/ | diso /diso/ |
| Ear | litoyi /litoji/ | litoi /litoi/ | kutu /kutu/ | ditshu /ditʃu/ | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | itwi /itwi/ | tui /tui/ |
| Nose | zolo /zóló/ | jolo /dʒolo/ | nzunu /nzunu/ | diulu /diulu/ | lizulu /lizulu/ | nindo /nindo/ | ohembe /ohembe/ |
| Mouth | monɔkɔ /monɔkɔ/ | bomwa /bomwa/ | nnwa /nnwa/ | mukana /mukana/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | unyo /uɲo/ |
| Tooth | lino /lino/ | lino /lino/ | dinu /dinu/ | dinu /dinu/ | lizo /lizo/ | lino /lino/ | dino /dino/ |
| Tongue | lolemo /lolemo/ | lolemi /lolemi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | limi /limi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lodemi /lodemi/ |
| Hand | lobɔ́kɔ /lobɔ́kɔ/ | lokáko /lokáko/ | koko /koko/ | tshianza /tʃianza/ | livoko /livoko/ | kukono /kukono/ | lonya /loɲa/ |
| Foot | lokolo /lokolo/ | lokolo /lokolo/ | kulu /kulu/ | dikasa /dikasa/ | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | dikaka /dikaka/ |
| Heart | motéma /motéma/ | mongúma /moŋɡúma/ | ntima /ntima/ | mutshima /mutʃima/ | mutima /mutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | utema /utema/ |
| Bone | mokuwa /mokuwa/ | ese /ese/ | visi /visi/ | mufuba /mufuba/ | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | weka /weka/ |
| Blood | makila /makila/ | bokila /bokila/ | menga /meŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | dikila /dikila/ |
| Poop | nyeí /ɲeí/ | nkwa /nkwa/ | tufi /tufi/ | tumvi /tumvi/ | tuji /tudʒi/ | maafi /maːfi/ | tumi /tumi/ |
| Love | bolíngo /bolíŋɡo/ | boláŋo /boláŋo/ | zola /zola/ | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | langɔ /laŋɡɔ/ |
| Tree | nzété /nzété/ | boléi /boléi/ | nti /nti/ | mutshi /mutʃi/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | mti /mti/ | otamba /otamba/ |
| Dog | mbwá /mbwá/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | fɔ /fɔ/ |
| Cat | nyáu /ɲáu/ | nyaú /ɲaú/ | nyau /ɲau/ | nyao /ɲao/ | katako /katako/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ |
| Fish | mbisi /mbisi/ | se /se/ | mbisi /mbisi/ | mushipa /muʃipa/ | shi /ʃi/ | somba /soːmba/ | lose /lose/ |
| Bird | ndeke /ndɛkɛ/ | ifulu /ifulu/ | nuni /ˈnuni/ | nyunyu /ɲuɲu/ | kajila /kadʒila/ | noni /noni/ | fudu /fudu/ |
| Butterfly | lipekápeka /lipekápeka/ | — | lumbembambemba /lumbembambemba/ | tshibiyibiyi /tʃibijibiji/ | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | — | lumbudi /lumbudi/ |
| Egg | likei /likei/ | bokele /bokele/ | diaki /diaki/ | diyi /diji/ | liulu /liulu/ | igi /iɡi/ | ukeli /ukeli/ |
| Horse | farása /farása/ | mpunda /mpunda/ | mpunda /mpunda/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | kavalu /kavalu/ | falasi /falasi/ | falasa /falasa/ |
| House | ndáko /ndáko/ | ndako /ndako/ | nzo /nzo/ | nzubu /nzubu/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | numba /numba/ | loodu /loodu/ |
| Milk | míliki /míliki/ | baele /baele/ | midiki /midiki/ | mabele /mabele/ | mavele /mavele/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | awele /awele/ |
| Honey | mafuta ya nzoi /mafuta ja nzoi/ | mpako /mpako/ | bwiki /bwiki/ | buitshi /buitʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | buuki /buːki/ | usanga /usanɡa/ |
| Salt | mongwa /moŋɡwa/ | bokwá /bokwá/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | luepu /luepu/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | munu /munu/ | leho /leho/ |
| Wine | vinyo /viɲo/ | vina /vina/ | vinu /vinu/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | wanu /wanu/ |
| Rice | lɔ́sɔ /lɔ́sɔ/ | — | loso /loso/ | losa /losa/ | loso /loso/ | — | eponga /epoŋɡa/ |
| Chocolate | sokolá /sokolá/ | — | chocolat | — | — | — | — |
| Iron | ebendé /eˈɓende/ | loolo /loolo/ | kibende /kiˈbende/ | tshiamu /tʃiamu/ | fwelu /fwelu/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | luwulu /luwulu/ |
| Wheel | pine /pine/ | — | dikulu /dikulu/ | lukata /lukata/ | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | — | otshimbi /otʃimbi/ |
| Silk | swa /swa/ | — | seda /seda/ | swa /swa/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | — |
| Book | búku /búku/ | bonkanda /bonkanda/ | buku /buku/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | buku /buku/ |
| Eat | kolía /kolía/ | kolya /koʎa/ | kudia /kudja/ | kudia /kudia/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | ndɛ /ndɛ/ |
| Drink | komɛ́la /komɛ́la/ | komeʼla /komela/ | kunua /kunwa/ | kunua /kunua/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | nɔ /nɔ/ |
| Sleep | kolala /kolala/ | kolala /kolala/ | kuleka /kuˈleka/ | kulala /kulala/ | kusavala /kusavala/ | kulala /kulala/ | djɔ /dʒɔ/ |
| One | mɔ̌kɔ́ /mɔ̌kɔ́/ | etomelá /etomelá/ | mosi /mosi/ | umue /umue/ | mwe /mwe/ | imo /imo/ | ɔtɔi /ɔtɔi/ |
| Two | mibale /mibale/ | bafe /bafe/ | zole /zole/ | ibidi /ibidi/ | vali /vali/ | ibili /iβili/ | hende /hende/ |
| Three | misato /misatu/ | basato /basato/ | tatu /tatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | idatu /idatu/ | hasatu /hasatu/ |
| Four | mínei /mínei/ | banei /banei/ | iya /ija/ | inai /inai/ | wana /wana/ | inne /inːe/ | anei /anei/ |
| Five | mítáno /mítáno/ | batano /batano/ | tanu /tanu/ | itanu /itanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | itaano /itaːno/ | atanu /atanu/ |
| Hundred | nkama /nkama/ | nkama /nkama/ | nkama /nkama/ | lukama /lukama/ | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | igana /iɡana/ | lokama /lokama/ |
| Hello | mbóte /mbóte/ | losáko /losáko/ | mbote /mbote/ | moyo /mojo/ | mwane /mwane/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | nyongo /ɲoŋɡo/ |
| Thank you | matɔ́ndɔ /matɔ́ndɔ/ | olɛli /olɛli/ | matondo /matondo/ | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | toleko /toleko/ |
| Good | malámu /malámu/ | mpɔlɔ /mpɔlɔ/ | mbote /mbote/ | impe /impe/ | mwaza /mwaza/ | soga /soɡa/ | lɔlɔ /lɔlɔ/ |
| New | sika /sika/ | — | mpa /mpa/ | mupia /mupia/ | chihya /tʃihja/ | pya /pja/ | uyuyu /ujuju/ |
| Red | motane /motane/ | kunza /kunza/ | mbwaki /mbwaki/ | kunze /kunze/ | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | laluku /laluku/ | tilili /tilili/ |
| White | pɛmbɛ /pɛmbɛ/ | wɛlɔ /wɛlɔ/ | mpembe /mpembe/ | toke /toke/ | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | pe /pe/ | wɛma /wɛma/ |
| Black | moindo /moindo/ | — | ndombe /ndombe/ | fike /fike/ | chilava /tʃilava/ | pi /pi/ | tshududu /tʃududu/ |
| Green | lángi la mpɔndú /láŋɡi la mpɔndú/ | — | langi ya matiti /laŋɡi ja matiti/ | — | — | — | eleselese /eleselese/ |
| Blue | bule /bule/ | — | bule /bule/ | fikuluke /fikuluke/ | — | bululu /bululu/ | bule /bule/ |
| Computer | odinatɛ́lɛ /odinatɛ́lɛ/ | — | ludinatelo /ludinatelo/ | ordinatere /ordinatere/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | — | ɔrdinatɛrɛ /ɔrdinatɛrɛ/ |
| Tea | ti /ti/ | — | ti /ti/ | tshiayi /tʃiaji/ | tiyi /tiji/ | — | tshayi /tʃaji/ |
| Coffee | kafé /kafé/ | — | kafe /kafe/ | kafe /kafe/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | eloko /eloko/ |
| Sugar | sukáli /sukáli/ | — | sukadi /sukadi/ | nsukadi /nsukadi/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | — | sukadi /sukadi/ |
| Orange | lilala /lilala/ | lilala /lilala/ | dilala /dilala/ | — | — | — | — |
| Ninety-nine | tuku libwa na libwa /tuku libwa na libwa/ | ntuku ibwa la ibwa /ntuku ibwa la ibwa/ | makumi ivwa na ivwa /makumi ivwa na ivwa/ | makumi tshitema ne tshitema /makumi tʃitema ne tʃitema/ | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | akumi divwa la divwa /akumi divwa la divwa/ |
Word order compared
Compare with major world languages
Open the interactive map: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.
Made by Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap home