咱人話

Philippine Hokkien

Sinitic (Min Nan, Philippines)

FamilySinitic (Min Nan, Philippines) Speakers~1M ScriptHan characters / Latin (Pe̍h-ōe-jī) CountriesPhilippines (Metro Manila — Binondo; Cebu, Iloilo, Davao) Official inNo Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3nan Glottocodehokk1242

Philippine Hokkien (咱人話 Lán-lâng-ōe, “our people’s speech”) is the Southern Min spoken by Chinese Filipinos, centred on Manila’s Binondo with communities in Cebu, Iloilo and Davao. Most of their ancestors came from coastal Quanzhou — Jinjiang, Nan’an and Shishi — and it keeps that base, but with i and e where Quanzhou city has ɯ and ə (hî ‘fish’, hé ‘fire’) and with loans from Spanish, Tagalog and English: coffee is ka-pé, from Tagalog kape. In Manila it is often mixed with Tagalog and English (‘Hokaglish’), and younger people increasingly shift to those languages.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Philippine Hokkien

Water

水

tsui˥˥˦

Fire

火

he˥˥˦

Sun

日頭

lit˨˦ tʰau˨˦

Moon

月娘

ɡeʔ˨˦ niũ˨˦

Star

星

tsʰĩ˧˧

Night

暗暝

am˦˩ mĩ˨˦

Rain

雨

hɔ˧˧

Snow

雪

seʔ˥

Wind

風

huaŋ˧˧

Earth

塗

tʰɔ˨˦

Stone

石頭

tsioʔ˨˦ tʰau˨˦

Mountain

山

suã˧˧

Sea

海

hai˥˥˦

Mother

老母

lau˧˧ bu˥˥˦

Father

老爸

lau˧˧ pe˧˧

Daughter

查某仔

tsa˧˧ bɔ˥˥˦ a˥˥˦

I

我

ɡua˥˥˦

You

汝

li˥˥˦

We

咱 / 阮

lan˥˥˦ / ɡun˥˥˦

Name

名

miã˨˦

Person

人

laŋ˨˦

Head

頭

tʰau˨˦

Eye

目睭

bak˨˦ tsiu˧˧

Ear

耳仔

hi˧˧ a˥˥˦

Nose

鼻

pʰi˦˩

Mouth

喙

tsʰui˦˩

Tooth

喙齒

tsʰui˦˩ kʰi˥˥˦

Tongue

舌仔

tsiʔ˨˦ a˥˥˦

Hand

手

tsʰiu˥˥˦

Foot

跤

kʰa˧˧

Heart

心

sim˧˧

Bone

骨頭

kut˥ tʰau˨˦

Blood

血

huiʔ˥

Poop

屎

sai˥˥˦

Love

愛

ai˦˩

Tree

樹

tsʰiu˦˩

Dog

狗

kau˥˥˦

Cat

貓

niãu˧˧

Fish

魚

hi˨˦

Bird

鳥

tsiau˥˥˦

Butterfly

尾蝶

be˥˥˦ iaʔ˨˦

Egg

卵

nŋ̍˧˧

Bear

熊

him˨˦

Horse

馬

be˥˥˦

House

厝

tsʰu˦˩

Milk

牛奶

ɡu˨˦ lin˧˧

Honey

蜂蜜

pʰaŋ˧˧ bit˨˦

Salt

鹽

iam˨˦

Rice

米

bi˥˥˦

Chocolate

芝居力

tsiak˥ ku˧˧ laʔ˨˦

Iron

鐵

tʰiʔ˥

Wheel

輪

lun˨˦

Silk

絲

si˧˧

Book

冊

tsʰeʔ˥

Eat

食

tsiaʔ˨˦

Drink

啉

lim˧˧

Sleep

睏

kʰun˦˩

One

一

tsit˨˦

Two

二

li˦˩

Three

三

sã˧˧

Four

四

si˦˩

Five

五

ɡɔ˧˧

Hundred

百

paʔ˥

Hello

汝好

li˥˥˦ ho˥˥˦

Thank you

多謝

to˧˧ sia˦˩

Good

好

ho˥˥˦

New

新

sin˧˧

Red

紅

aŋ˨˦

White

白

peʔ˨˦

Black

烏

ɔ˧˧

Green

青色

tsʰĩ˧˧ siak˥

Blue

藍色

lam˨˦ siak˥

Computer

電腦

tiɛn˦˩ lo˥˥˦

Tea

茶

te˨˦

Coffee

咖啡

ka˧˧ pe˥˥˦

Sugar

糖

tʰŋ̍˨˦

Orange

橙

tsʰiam˨˦

Ninety-nine

九十九

kau˥˥˦ tsap˨˦ kau˥˥˦

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Sinitic (Min Nan, Philippines)

Meaning Philippine HokkienQuanzhou HokkienTaiwaneseXiamen HokkienPenang HokkienZhangzhou HokkienTeochew
Water 水 /tsui˥˥˦/ 水 /tsui˥˥˦/ 水 /tsui˥˧/ 水 /tsui˥˧/ 水 /tsui˦˦˥/ 水 /tsui˥˧/ 水 /tsui˥˨/
Fire 火 /he˥˥˦/ 火 /hə˥˥˦/ 火 /he˥˧/ 火 /he˥˧/ 火 /hue˦˦˥/ 火 /hue˥˧/ 火 /hue˥˨/
Sun 日頭 /lit˨˦ tʰau˨˦/ 日头 /lit˨˦ tʰau˨˦/ 日頭 /lit˦ tʰau˨˦/ 日头 /lit̚˦ tʰau˨˦/ 日頭 /dzit˦ tʰau˨˧/ 日头 /dzit̚˩˨˩ tʰau˩˧/ 日头 /dzik˦ tʰau˥˥/
Moon 月娘 /ɡeʔ˨˦ niũ˨˦/ 月娘 /ɡəʔ˨˦ niũ˨˦/ 月娘 /ɡeʔ˦ niũ˨˦/ 月娘 /ɡeʔ˦ niũ˨˦/ 月娘 /ɡueʔ˦ niau˨˧/ 月娘 /ɡueʔ˩˨˩ niɔ̃˩˧/ 月娘 /ɡueʔ˦ niõ˥˥/
Star 星 /tsʰĩ˧˧/ 星 /tsʰĩ˧˧/ 星 /tsʰĩ˦˦/ 星 /tsʰĩ˦˦/ 星 /tsʰẽ˧˧/ 星 /tsʰɛ̃˦˦/ 星 /tsʰẽ˧˧/
Night 暗暝 /am˦˩ mĩ˨˦/ 暗暝 /am˦˩ mĩ˨˦/ 暗暝 /am˩˩ mĩ˨˦/ 暗暝 /am˨˩ mĩ˨˦/ 暗暝 /am˨˩ mɛ̃˨˧/ 暗暝 /am˨˩ mɛ̃˩˧/ 暝旰 /me˥˥ kua˨˩˧/
Rain 雨 /hɔ˧˧/ 雨 /hɔ˨˨/ 雨 /hɔ˧˧/ 雨 /hɔ˨˨/ 雨 /hɔ˨˩/ 雨 /hɔ˨˨/ 雨 /hou˧˥/
Snow 雪 /seʔ˥/ 雪 /səʔ˥/ 雪 /seʔ˧˨/ 雪 /seʔ˧˨/ 雪 /seʔ˧/ 雪 /seʔ˧˨/ 雪 /soʔ˨/
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