romaniska tšimb / Kaale
Finnish Romani
Indo-European (Indo-Aryan, Romani, Northern, Romanichal-Kaale subgroup)
Finnish Romani (Kaale, autonymously romaniska tšimb) is the principal Northern Romani variety of Finland, where the Roma (called Romani-kalee or Kaale) settled in the 16th century after migrating from Britain via Sweden. As a Northern Romani branch member alongside British Romanichal (rmw) and Welsh Romani (rmd, extinct), Kaale shares Northern features (loss of dual, simplified case system) but has been heavily influenced by Finnish through 500+ years of contact. Notable for an extensive code-switching tradition with Finnish and a literary tradition since the 1990s including children's books and a New Testament (2008). The community size is ~10,000-12,000, making Finnish Roma one of the better-documented Roma populations.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Finnish Romani
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Indo-European (Indo-Aryan, Romani, Northern, Romanichal-Kaale subgroup)
| Meaning | Finnish Romani | Vlax Romani | Romani | Pashai | Bishnupriya Manipuri | Dotyali | Hajong |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | paani /paːni/ | pani /pani/ | pani /ˈpani/ | واری /waːri/ | পানি /paːni/ | पानी /paːniː/ | pani /pani/ |
| Fire | jaak /jaːk/ | jag /jaɡ/ | jag /jaɡ/ | انگاری /aŋɡaːri/ | আগুন /aːɡun/ | आगो /aːɡo/ | ag /aɡ/ |
| Sun | kham /kʰam/ | kham /kʰam/ | kham /kʰam/ | سور /sur/ | বেল /bel/ | सूर्य /suːɾjə/ | bela /bela/ |
| Moon | choon /tʃʰoːn/ | čhonut /tʃʰonut/ | čhon /tʃʰon/ | مس /mas/ | জুনাক /dʒunak/ | जून /dʒun/ | চান /tʃan/ |
| Star | čerhai /tʃerhai/ | čerhaj /tʃerˈhaj/ | čerhaj /tʃerˈhaj/ | تارا /taːraː/ | তারা /taɾa/ | तारा /taːra/ | tara /taɾa/ |
| Night | rat /rat/ | rat /rat/ | rat /rat/ | رات /rat/ | রাতি /rati/ | रात /raːt/ | rati /rati/ |
| Snow | iiv /iːv/ | iv /iv/ | iv /iv/ | ہیم /hiːm/ | বরফ /bɔrof/ | हिउँ /ɦiũ/ | borof /bɔrof/ |
| Wind | balval /balval/ | balval /balval/ | balval /ˈbalval/ | واغن /waːʁan/ | বাতাস /batas/ | हावा /ɦaːwaː/ | batas /batas/ |
| Earth | phuv /pʰuv/ | phuv /pʰuv/ | phuv /pʰuv/ | — | মাটি /maʈi/ | माटो /maːʈo/ | মাটি /maʈi/ |
| Stone | bar /bar/ | bar /bar/ | bar /baɾ/ | — | পাথর /patʰor/ | ढुङ्गो /ˈɖʱuŋɡo/ | — |
| Mountain | halla /halːa/ | plaj /plaj/ | plaj /plaj/ | — | পাহাড় /pahaɽ/ | पहाड /pəɦaːɖ/ | — |
| Mother | daij /daij/ | dej /dej/ | daj /daj/ | نا /naː/ | মা /maː/ | इजा /idʒaː/ | ma /ma/ |
| Father | daad /daːd/ | dad /dad/ | dad /dad/ | تاتا /taːtaː/ | বাবা /baːba/ | बाजी /baːdʒiː/ | baba /baba/ |
| Daughter | čai /tʃai/ | čhej /tʃʰej/ | čhaj /tʃʰaj/ | اوی /oːj/ | জিলক /ˈdʒilɔk/ | छोरी /tʃʰoɾiː/ | — |
| I | me /me/ | me /me/ | me /me/ | آ /aː/ | মি /mi/ | मु /mu/ | moi /muɪ/ |
| You | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | تو /tu/ | তি /ti/ | तु /tu/ | tui /tuɪ/ |
| We | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | اما /amaː/ | আমি /ami/ | हम /həm/ | amra /amra/ |
| Name | nav /nav/ | anav /aˈnav/ | anav /aˈnav/ | نام /naːm/ | নাং /naŋ/ | नाउँ /nãũ/ | nam /nam/ |
| Person | komunis /komunis/ | manuš /maˈnuʃ/ | manuš /maˈnuʃ/ | — | মানু /manu/ | मान्सु /maːnsu/ | — |
| Head | šeero /ˈʃeːro/ | šero /ˈʃero/ | šero /ˈʃero/ | شیر /ʃiːr/ | — | मुण्डो /muɳɖo/ | — |
| Eye | jakk /jakː/ | jakh /jakʰ/ | jakh /jakʰ/ | اچی /atʃiː/ | আহি /ahi/ | आँखि /ãːkʰi/ | soku /sɔku/ |
| Ear | kan /kan/ | kan /kan/ | kan /kan/ | کن /kan/ | কান /kan/ | कान /kaːn/ | kan /kan/ |
| Nose | nakh /nakʰ/ | nakh /nakʰ/ | nakh /nakʰ/ | — | নাক /nak/ | नाक /naːk/ | nak /nak/ |
| Mouth | muj /muj/ | muj /muj/ | muj /muj/ | گلان /ɡilaːn/ | — | मुख /mukʰ/ | — |
| Tooth | dand /dand/ | dand /dand/ | dand /dand/ | دند /dand/ | দাঁত /dãt/ | दाँत /dãt/ | dat /dat/ |
| Tongue | čimb /tʃimb/ | čhib /tʃʰib/ | čhib /tʃʰib/ | ژیب /ʒib/ | জু /dʒu/ | जिब्रो /dʒibro/ | jiba /dʒiba/ |
| Hand | vast /vast/ | vast /vast/ | vast /vast/ | دست /dast/ | আত /at/ | हात /haːt/ | hat /hat/ |
| Foot | piero /ˈpiero/ | punro /ˈpunro/ | punro /ˈpunro/ | پا /paː/ | জাং /dʒaŋ/ | खुट्टा /kʰuʈːaː/ | theng /ʈʰeŋ/ |
| Heart | llo /lːo/ | ilo /ilo/ | jilo /dʒilo/ | دل /dil/ | মন /mon/ | हृदय /ɦridəj/ | mon /mon/ |
| Bone | kokalos /ˈkokalos/ | kokalo /ˈkokalo/ | kokalo /ˈkokalo/ | اټھی /aʈʰiː/ | হাড় /haɽ/ | हाड /haːɖ/ | harang /haraŋ/ |
| Blood | rat /rat/ | rat /rat/ | rat /rat/ | رت /ratː/ | রকত /rɔkot/ | रगत /raɡat/ | rokto /rɔkto/ |
| Poop | fuul /fuːl/ | — | — | گوی /ɡuːi/ | — | — | — |
| Love | kamel /kamel/ | kamlipe /kamˈlipe/ | kamiben /kamibɛn/ | پیار /pjaːr/ | মায়া /maja/ | प्रेम /preːm/ | — /—/ |
| Tree | rukh /rukʰ/ | kašt /kaʃt/ | rukh /ɾukʰ/ | درغ /darʁ/ | গাছ /ɡaːtʃʰ/ | रूख /ɾuːkʰ/ | gas /ɡas/ |
| Dog | žukli /ʒukli/ | žukel /ʒukel/ | žukel /ʒukɛl/ | کوتا /kotaː/ | কুট্টা /kuʈːaː/ | कुकुर /kukuɾ/ | kuthura /kutʰuɾa/ |
| Cat | mačka /matʃka/ | mačka /matʃka/ | mačka /matʃka/ | بلور /baloːr/ | বিল্লি /bilːi/ | बिरालो /biɾaːlo/ | — /—/ |
| Fish | mačho /ˈmatʃo/ | mačho /ˈmatʃo/ | mačho /ˈmatʃo/ | مچی /matʃiː/ | মাছ /maːtʃʰ/ | माछा /maːtʃʰaː/ | mas /maːtʃʰ/ |
| Bird | čiriklo /tʃiriklo/ | čiriklo /tʃiˈriklo/ | čirikli /tʃirikli/ | — | পাখি /pakʰi/ | चरा /tʃəɾa/ | — |
| Egg | jaaro /jaːro/ | anro /ˈanro/ | anro /anro/ | اڼا /aɳaː/ | ডিম /dim/ | अण्डो /aɳɖo/ | dim /dim/ |
| Horse | grai /ɡrai/ | grast /ɡrast/ | grast /ɡrast/ | گوړا /ɡoːɽaː/ | — | घोडा /ɡʱoɽa/ | — |
| House | kher /kʰer/ | kher /kʰer/ | kher /kʰɛɾ/ | جوغ /dʒoʁ/ | ঘর /ɡʱaɾ/ | घर /ɡʱəɾ/ | ghor /ɡʱoɾ/ |
| Milk | thund /tʰund/ | thud /tʰud/ | thud /tʰud/ | — | দুধ /dudʱ/ | दूध /duːdʱ/ | dudh /dudʱ/ |
| Honey | meeda /meːda/ | avdžin /avdʒin/ | avdžin /avdʒin/ | بین /beːn/ | — | मह /məɦ/ | — |
| Salt | loon /loːn/ | lon /lon/ | lon /lon/ | لوڼ /loːɳ/ | নুন /nun/ | नुन /nun/ | — |
| Wine | mool /moːl/ | mol /mol/ | mol /mol/ | — | — | वाइन /waːin/ | — |
| Rice | riisa /riːsa/ | — | — | — | — | चामल /tʃaːmal/ | — |
| Iron | saster /saster/ | sastri /ˈsastri/ | sastri /ˈsastri/ | — | লোহা /loɦa/ | फलाम /pʰalaːm/ | luha /luɦa/ |
| Silk | phar /pʰar/ | — | svila /svila/ | — | — | रेशम /ɾeʃam/ | — |
| Book | liin /liːn/ | lil /lil/ | lil /lil/ | — | — | किताब /kitaːb/ | — |
| Eat | xal /xal/ | xav /xav/ | xal /xal/ | کخن- /kxn/ | খাব /kʰaːb/ | खानु /kʰaːnu/ | kha /kʰa/ |
| Drink | piel /piel/ | pijav /pijav/ | pijel /pijɛl/ | پی- /piː/ | পান কর /paːn kaɾ/ | पिउनु /piunu/ | kha /kʰa/ |
| Sleep | sovel /ˈsovel/ | sovel /soˈvel/ | sovel /ˈsovel/ | — | — | सिनु /sinu/ | ghuma /ɡʱuma/ |
| One | jekk /jekː/ | jek /jek/ | jekh /jɛkʰ/ | ایک /eːk/ | এক /ek/ | एक /ek/ | ek /ek/ |
| Two | duj /duj/ | duj /duj/ | duj /duj/ | دو /duː/ | দুই /dui/ | दुई /dui/ | dui /duɪ/ |
| Three | trin /trin/ | trin /trin/ | trin /trin/ | لهی /ɬe/ | তিন /tin/ | तीन /tin/ | tin /tin/ |
| Four | staar /staːr/ | štar /ʃtar/ | štar /ʃtar/ | چار /tʃaːr/ | চার /tʃar/ | चार /tʃaːr/ | — |
| Five | pantš /pantʃ/ | pandž /pandʒ/ | pandž /pandʒ/ | پنج /pandʒ/ | পাঁচ /patʃ/ | पाँच /pãːtʃ/ | — |
| Hundred | ȟeel /xeːl/ | šel /ʃel/ | šel /ʃɛl/ | شای /ʃaːi/ | — | सय /səj/ | — |
| Hello | šukar diives /ʃukaɾ diːves/ | t’aves baxtalo /tʼaves baxtalo/ | lačho dives /latʃʰo divɛs/ | سلام /salaːm/ | নমস্কার /nomoskar/ | नमस्कार /nəməskaːɾ/ | — /—/ |
| Thank you | naais /naːis/ | najis tuke /najis tuke/ | nais tuke /najs tukɛ/ | شکریه /ʃukrija/ | ধইন্যবাদ /dʱoinjobaːd/ | धन्यवाद /dʱənjəbaːd/ | — /—/ |
| Good | šukar /ʃukaɾ/ | mišto /miʃto/ | lačho /latʃʰo/ | شو /ʃoː/ | ভালা /bʱaːlaː/ | निको /niko/ | bhala /bʱala/ |
| New | neevo /neːvo/ | nevo /ˈnevo/ | nevo /ˈnevo/ | نوآ /nõaː/ | — | नयाँ /nəjãː/ | — |
| Red | lolo /ˈlolo/ | lolo /ˈlolo/ | lolo /ˈlolo/ | لال /laːl/ | রাঙা /raŋa/ | रातो /raːto/ | lal /lal/ |
| White | parno /parno/ | parno /ˈparno/ | parno /ˈparno/ | — | ধলা /dʱɔla/ | सेतो /seto/ | dhola /dʱola/ |
| Black | kalo /ˈkalo/ | kalo /ˈkalo/ | kalo /ˈkalo/ | — | — | कालो /kaːlo/ | — |
| Green | grönt /ɡrønt/ | zeleno /zeˈleno/ | zeleno /zeˈleno/ | — | — | हरियो /ɦərijo/ | — |
| Coffee | kaali /kaːli/ | — | — | — | — | कफी /kəpʰiː/ | — |
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