Soomaali
Somali
Cushitic
Somali (Soomaali) is an East Cushitic language with ~22M speakers — sole official language of Somalia, official in Somaliland, regional in Ethiopia's Somali Region, and one of Djibouti's working languages. Latin orthography (Latiin) standardized 1972 under Siyaad Barre regime. Distinguished by tonal accent (high/low), pharyngeal consonants, and SOV typology with focus markers.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Somali
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Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Cushitic
| Meaning | Somali | Saho | Afar | Oromo | Konso | Daasanach | Sidamo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | biyo /bijo/ | laye /laje/ | lee /leː/ | bishaan /biʃaːn/ | pisha /piʃa/ | bie /bie/ | waa /waː/ |
| Fire | dab /dab/ | gira /ɡira/ | gira /ɡira/ | ibidda /ibidːa/ | apitta /apitːa/ | ʄiet /ʄiet/ | giira /ɡiːra/ |
| Sun | qorrax /qorːaħ/ | ayro /ajɾo/ | ayró /ajro/ | aduu /aduː/ | piirtuta /piːrtuta/ | aadh /aːð/ | arrishsho /arːiʃːo/ |
| Moon | dayax /dajaħ/ | alsa /alsa/ | alsá /alsa/ | jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ | leya /leja/ | ɠuiy /ɠuij/ | agana /aɡana/ |
| Star | xiddig /ħiddiɡ/ | xutuk /ħutuk/ | cutuk /ħutuk/ | urjii /urdʒiː/ | hikkitta /hikːitːa/ | izinti /izinti/ | beeddakko /beːdːakko/ |
| Night | habeen /habeːn/ | bar /bar/ | bar /bar/ | halkan /halkan/ | halkeetta /halkeːtːa/ | chuure /tʃuːre/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ |
| Rain | roob /roːb/ | rob /rob/ | rob /rob/ | bokkaa /ˈbokːaː/ | roopa /roːpa/ | ir /ir/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ |
| Snow | baraf /baraf/ | — | — | cabbii /tʃabːiː/ | fuuttota /fuːtːota/ | — | bullaame kaade /bulːaːme kaːde/ |
| Wind | dabayl /ˈdabajl/ | xaaxat /ħaːħat/ | caacay /ħaːħaj/ | bubbee /ˈbubːeː/ | puppeeta /pupːeːta/ | waanich /waːnitʃ/ | bubbe /bubːe/ |
| Earth | dhul /ɖul/ | baarho /baːɽo/ | árdi /ardi/ | lafa /lafa/ | piita /piːta/ | les /les/ | uulla /uːlla/ |
| Stone | dhagax /ɖaˈɡaħ/ | dhaa /ɖaː/ | xáa /ɖaː/ | dhagaa /ɖaˈɡaː/ | daka /ɗaka/ | waar /waːr/ | kincho /kintʃo/ |
| Mountain | buur /buːr/ | kooma /koːma/ | qale /ʕale/ | tulluu /tulːuː/ | irroota /irːoːta/ | gum /ɡum/ | gaara /ɡaːra/ |
| Sea | bad /bad/ | bad /bad/ | bad /bad/ | galaana /ɡalaːna/ | pakateeta /pakateːta/ | bas /bas/ | baare /baːre/ |
| Mother | hooyo /hoːjo/ | ina /ina/ | iná /iˈna/ | haadha /haːɗa/ | aayyaa /aːjːaː/ | ʄie /ʄie/ | ama /ama/ |
| Father | aabo /aːbo/ | abba /abba/ | abbá /abːa/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | aappaa /aːpːaː/ | ʄaa /ʄaː/ | anna /anːa/ |
| Daughter | gabadh /ɡabaɖ/ | barhä /baˈɽa/ | baxá /baˈxa/ | intala /intala/ | enenta /enenta/ | ini /ini/ | beetto /beːtːo/ |
| I | aniga /aniɡa/ | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | ani /ani/ | anti /anti/ | yu /ju/ | ani /ani/ |
| You | adiga /adiɡa/ | atu /atu/ | atu /atu/ | ati /ati/ | atti /atti/ | kuun /kuːn/ | ati /ati/ |
| We | innaga / annaga /inːaɡa / anːaɡa/ | nanu /nanu/ | nanu /nanu/ | nuti /nuti/ | ino /ino/ | nyinyi /ɲiɲi/ | ninke /ninke/ |
| Name | magac /maɡaʕ/ | migac /miɡaʕ/ | migáq /miɡaʕ/ | maqaa /makʼaː/ | maχχa /maχːa/ | meeny /meːɲ/ | suʼma /suʔma/ |
| Person | qof /qof/ | xiyaw /ħijaw/ | núm /num/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | maadhat /maːðat/ | mancho /mantʃo/ |
| Head | madax /madaħ/ | amo /amo/ | amó /amo/ | mataa /mataː/ | matta /matːa/ | met /met/ | umo /umo/ |
| Eye | il /il/ | inti /inti/ | intí /inti/ | ija /idʒa/ | ilta /ilta/ | il /il/ | ille /ilːe/ |
| Ear | dheg /ɖeɡ/ | cokka /ʕokka/ | ayti /ajti/ | gurra /ɡurra/ | napahata /napahata/ | net /net/ | macca /matʃʼːa/ |
| Nose | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | funyaan /fuɲaːn/ | sina /sina/ | sono /sono/ | sano /sano/ |
| Mouth | af /af/ | af /af/ | af /af/ | afaan /afaːn/ | afa /afa/ | afo /afo/ | afo /afo/ |
| Tooth | ilig /iliɡ/ | iko /iko/ | boddiná /bodːina/ | ilkaan /ilkaːn/ | ilkitta /ilkitːa/ | kachint /katʃint/ | hinko /hinko/ |
| Tongue | carrab /ʕarːab/ | anrab /anrab/ | arraabá /arːaːba/ | arraba /arːaba/ | arrapa /arːapa/ | ere /ere/ | arrawo /arːawo/ |
| Hand | gacan /ɡaʕan/ | gaba /ɡaba/ | gabá /ɡaba/ | harka /haɾka/ | harka /harka/ | gil /ɡil/ | anga /anɡa/ |
| Foot | cago /ʕaɡo/ | iba /iba/ | iba /iba/ | miilla /miːlːa/ | loʛta /loʛta/ | gas /ɡas/ | lekka /ˈlekːa/ |
| Heart | wadne /wadnɛ/ | qalbe /qalbe/ | lubbí /lubːi/ | onnee /onːeː/ | sataʔta /sataʔta/ | lubeen /lubeːn/ | wodana /wodana/ |
| Bone | laf /laf/ | lafa /lafa/ | lafa /lafa/ | lafee /lafeː/ | lafta /lafta/ | lafiti /lafiti/ | miqicho /mikʼitʃo/ |
| Blood | dhiig /ɖiːɡ/ | biilo /biːlo/ | qabal /ʕabal/ | dhiiga /ɖiːɡa/ | diika /ɗiːka/ | fas /fas/ | munde /munde/ |
| Poop | saxaro /saħaro/ | — | — | udaan /udaːn/ | utaa /utaː/ | — | ciilo /tʃʼiːlo/ |
| Love | jacayl /dʒaʕajl/ | kaxano /kaħano/ | kacanú /kaħanu/ | jaalala /dʒaːlala/ | ʄaalaɗiyaa /ʄaːlaɗijaː/ | kashed /kaʃed/ | baxa /batʼa/ |
| Tree | geed /ɡeːd/ | xarha /ħaɽa/ | caxá /ħaɖa/ | muka /muka/ | ʛoyra /ʛojra/ | ɠor /ɠor/ | haqqe /hakʼːe/ |
| Dog | eey /eːj/ | kare /kaɾe/ | kuta /kuta/ | saree /saɾeː/ | kuta /kuta/ | chier /tʃier/ | woshichcho /woʃitʃːo/ |
| Cat | bisad /bisad/ | dummu /dummu/ | dummú /dumːu/ | adurree /adurːeː/ | aturraata /aturːaːta/ | paka /paka/ | adurree /adurːeː/ |
| Fish | kalluun /kalːuːn/ | caasa /ʕaːsa/ | kuluntá /kuluntaː/ | qurxummii /qurxummiː/ | murkuja /murkuʄa/ | beech /beːtʃ/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ |
| Bird | shimbir /ʃimbir/ | kimbir /kimbir/ | kimbiró /kimbiroː/ | simbirroo /simbirroː/ | χampira /χampira/ | kimir /kimir/ | ceʼa /tʃʼeʔa/ |
| Butterfly | balanbaallis /balanbaːlːis/ | — | laahintí /laːhinti/ | billaacha /bilːaːtʃa/ | — | arab /arab/ | billaachcha /bilːaːtʃːa/ |
| Egg | ukun /ukun/ | lalim /lalim/ | — | hanqaaquu /hanqaːquː/ | hukuukka /hukuːkːa/ | ɠonɠo /ɠoŋɠo/ | quuphichcho /kʼuːpʼitʃːo/ |
| Bear | orso /orso/ | dibbi /dibbi/ | — | — | tipeeta /tipeːta/ | — | dibi /dibi/ |
| Horse | faras /faras/ | faras /faras/ | faras /faras/ | farda /farda/ | farta /farta/ | farich /faritʃ/ | farashsho /faraʃːo/ |
| House | guri /ɡuɾi/ | care /ʕare/ | qarí /ʕari/ | mana /mana/ | tika /tika/ | ɓil /ɓil/ | mine /mine/ |
| Milk | caano /ʕaːno/ | xan /ħan/ | cán /ħan/ | aannan /aːnːan/ | aanna /aːnːa/ | eeno /eːno/ | ado /ado/ |
| Honey | malab /malab/ | malab /malab/ | malab /malab/ | damma /damːa/ | takma /takma/ | dhaanite /ðaːnite/ | malawo /malawo/ |
| Salt | cusbo /ʕusbo/ | mulxu /mulħu/ | qasbó /ʕasbo/ | soogidda /soːɡidːa/ | sookitta /soːkitːa/ | shugut /ʃuɡut/ | maxine /matʼine/ |
| Wine | khamri /χamri/ | wayni /wajni/ | kamri /kamri/ | daadhii wayinii /daːɗiː wajiniː/ | taadeta wayneeta /taːɗeta wajneːta/ | — | woyinete xajje /wojinete tʼadʒːe/ |
| Rice | bariis /bariːs/ | — | rúddi /rudːi/ | ruuzii /ruːziː/ | — | — | ruuze /ruːze/ |
| Chocolate | shukulaato /ʃukulaːto/ | — | — | — | — | — | chokkoleete /tʃokːoleːte/ |
| Iron | bir /bir/ | birit /birit/ | birta /birta/ | sibiila /sibiːla/ | sipla /sipla/ | sibil /sibil/ | siwiila /siwiːla/ |
| Wheel | giraangir /ɡiɾaːnɡiɾ/ | — | — | geengoo /ɡeːnɡoː/ | — | — | qale /kʼale/ |
| Silk | xariir /ħaˈriːr/ | — | — | arrii /arːiː/ | — | — | — |
| Book | buug /buːɡ/ | kitaab /kitaːb/ | kitab /kitab/ | kitaaba /kitaːba/ | mataafa /mataːfa/ | — | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ |
| Eat | cun /ʕun/ | niitan /niːtan/ | akmé /akme/ | nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ | ɗamiyaa /ɗamijaː/ | icho /itʃo/ | ita /ita/ |
| Drink | cab /ʕab/ | yaaqab /jaːʕab/ | kibé /kibe/ | dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ | ikiyaa /ikijaː/ | ʔurro /ʔuro/ | aga /aɡa/ |
| Sleep | hurdo /hurdo/ | dhin /ɖin/ | xiiné /ɖiːne/ | rafuu /rafuː/ | — | — | goxa /ɡotʼa/ |
| One | kow /kow/ | inki /inki/ | inki /inki/ | tokko /tokːo/ | takka /takːa/ | tikiɗ /tikiɗ/ | mitto /mitːo/ |
| Two | laba /laba/ | lamma /lamma/ | namma /namːa/ | lama /lama/ | lakki /lakːi/ | naam /naːm/ | lame /lame/ |
| Three | saddex /sadːex/ | adox /adoħ/ | sidóc /sidoħ/ | sadii /sadiː/ | sessa /sesːa/ | sedde /sɛdːɛ/ | sase /sase/ |
| Four | afar /afar/ | afar /afar/ | ferey /ferej/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ |
| Five | shan /ʃan/ | koon /koːn/ | konoy /konoj/ | shan /ʃan/ | ken /ken/ | chen /tʃɛn/ | onte /onte/ |
| Hundred | boqol /boqol/ | bool /boːl/ | bool /boːl/ | dhibba /ɗibba/ | dippa /ɗipːa/ | kuɗ /kuɗ/ | xibbe /tʼibːe/ |
| Hello | salaan /salaːn/ | malaal /malaːl/ | nagá /naɡa/ | akkam /akːam/ | nakaytaa /nakajtaː/ | naa /naː/ | nagaa yiʼne /naɡaː jiʔne/ |
| Thank you | mahadsanid /mahadsanid/ | galatto /ɡalatto/ | qungúsa /ʕuŋɡusa/ | galatoomi /ɡalatoːmi/ | kalata /kalata/ | galche /ɡaltʃe/ | galiʼne /ɡaliʔne/ |
| Good | wanaagsan /wanaːɡsan/ | mece /meʕe/ | meqé /meʕe/ | gaarii /ɡaːriː/ | paχaara /paχaːra/ | midhab /miðab/ | danchu /dantʃu/ |
| New | cusub /ʕusub/ | cusub /ʕusub/ | qusbá /ʕusba/ | haaraa /haːraː/ | haraya /haraja/ | kaana /kaːna/ | haaro /haːro/ |
| Red | cas /ʕas/ | casa /ʕasa/ | qasá /ʕasa/ | diimaa /diːmaː/ | tiima /tiːma/ | bur /bur/ | duuma /duːma/ |
| White | cad /ʕad/ | cado /ʕado/ | qado /ʕado/ | adii /adiː/ | ata /ata/ | edh /eð/ | waajjo /waːdʒːo/ |
| Black | madow /madow/ | dat /dat/ | datá /data/ | gurraacha /ɡurːaːtʃaː/ | poora /poːra/ | ongʼor /oŋor/ | kolishsho /koliʃːo/ |
| Green | cagaar /ʕaɡaːr/ | andharh /anɖaɽ/ | anxaxiní /anɖaɖini/ | magariisa /maɡariːsa/ | ilaawa /ilaːwa/ | ɠileeb /ɠileːb/ | hanja /handʒa/ |
| Blue | buluug /buˈluːɡ/ | — | kucliní /kuħlini/ | cuquliisa /tʃukʼuliːsa/ | — | ɠileeb /ɠileːb/ | — |
| Computer | kombuyuutar /kombujuːtar/ | — | — | koompitara /koːmpitara/ | — | — | — |
| Tea | shaah /ʃaːh/ | — | shaahí /ʃaːhi/ | shaayii /ʃaːjiː/ | — | — | shae /ʃae/ |
| Coffee | qaxwo /qaħwo/ | qaxwa /qaħwa/ | buna /buna/ | buna /buna/ | punitta /punitːa/ | — | buna /buna/ |
| Sugar | sonkor /sonkor/ | — | sokkár /sokːar/ | sukkaara /sukːaːra/ | — | — | sukkaare /sukːaːre/ |
| Orange | liin /liːn/ | — | burtukán /burtukan/ | birtukaanii /birtukaːniː/ | — | — | burtukaane /burtukaːne/ |
| Ninety-nine | sagaal iyo sagaashan /saˈɡaːl ijo saɡaːˈʃan/ | — | sagla taban kee sagaal /saɡla taban keː saɡaːl/ | sagaltamii sagal /saɡaltamiː saɡal/ | — | tomon saal a saal /tomon saːl a saːl/ | honsayina honse /honsajina honse/ |
| Internet laughter | hhhh | — | — | kkk | — | — | — |
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Word order compared
Compare with major world languages
Somali
Waxaan
rabaa
in aan isku eego
sharci
aan arkay
dukaan
ka soo horjeeda
hotelka
I
want to
try on
a suit
I
saw
in
a shop
across from
the hotel
Ich
möchte
einen Anzug
anprobieren
den
ich
in einem
Geschäft
gegenüber vom
Hotel
gesehen habe
मैं
होटल
के सामने
एक दुकान
में
देखा
सूट को
पहनकर देखना
चाहता हूँ
私は
ホテルの
向かいの
お店
で
見た
スーツを
試着
したいです
我
想
试穿
酒店
对面的
商店
里
看到的
那套西装
أنا
أريد
أن أجرب
بدلة
رأيتها
في
محل
مقابل
الفندق
Я
хочу
примерить
костюм
который
я увидел
в
магазине
напротив
отеля
Somali
Magacaygu
waa
Tanaka
My
name
is
Tanaka
Mein
Name
ist
Tanaka
मेरा
नाम
तनाका
है
私の
名前は
田中
です
我的
名字
是
田中
اسمي
هو
تاناكا
Моё
имя
—
Танака
Somali
Waxaan
cunaa
quraac
subax walba
saacadda 7
I
eat
breakfast
every morning
at 7 o'clock
Ich
frühstücke
jeden Morgen
um 7 Uhr
मैं
हर सुबह
7 बजे
नाश्ता
करता हूँ
毎朝
7時に
朝ごはんを
食べます
我
每天早上
七点
吃
早饭
أتناول
أنا
الإفطار
كل صباح
الساعة السابعة
Я
завтракаю
каждое утро
в 7 часов
Somali
Xaggee
ayuu
ugu dhow yahay
istayshinka
Where
is
the nearest
station
Wo
ist
der nächste
Bahnhof
सबसे नज़दीकी
स्टेशन
कहाँ
है
一番近い
駅は
どこ
です
か
最近的
车站
在
哪里
أين
تقع
أقرب
محطة
Где
находится
ближайшая
станция
Somali
Kafigan
kan
waa aad u
macaan
This
coffee
is
very
delicious
Dieser
Kaffee
ist
sehr
lecker
यह
कॉफ़ी
बहुत
स्वादिष्ट है
この
コーヒーは
とても
おいしいです
这
咖啡
很
好喝
هذه
القهوة
لذيذة
جداً
Этот
кофе
очень
вкусный
Somali
Waxaan
bartaa
Jabbaaniis
jaamacadda
I
study
Japanese
at university
Ich
studiere
Japanisch
an der Universität
मैं
विश्वविद्यालय में
जापानी
पढ़ता हूँ
私は
大学で
日本語を
勉強しています
我
在大学
学
日语
أنا
أدرس
اللغة اليابانية
في الجامعة
Я
изучаю
японский язык
в университете
Somali
Berri
cimiladu
wuxuu noqon doonaa
cadceed
Tomorrow's
weather
will be
sunny
Morgen
wird
das Wetter
sonnig
sein
कल
मौसम
धूप वाला
होगा
明日の
天気は
晴れ
でしょう
明天
天气
会
晴天
سيكون
الطقس
غداً
مشمساً
Завтра
погода
будет
солнечной
Somali
Hooyaday
karinjisaa
casho
maalin walba
My mother
cooks
dinner
every day
Meine Mutter
kocht
jeden Tag
Abendessen
मेरी माँ
हर रोज़
रात का खाना
बनाती है
お母さんは
毎日
夕食を
作ります
我妈妈
每天
做
晚饭
تطبخ
أمي
العشاء
كل يوم
Моя мама
готовит
ужин
каждый день
Somali
Waxaan
rabaa
in aan aado
Japan
sanadka
soo socda
I
want to
go
to
Japan
next
year
Ich
möchte
nächstes
Jahr
nach
Japan
fahren
मैं
अगले
साल
जापान
जाना
चाहता हूँ
私は
来
年
日本
に
行き
たいです
我
明
年
想
去
日本
أنا
أريد
أن أذهب
إلى
اليابان
العام
القادم
Я
хочу
поехать
в
Японию
в следующем
году
Somali
Ma
ku hadli kartaa
Ingiriisi
Can
you
speak
English
Können
Sie
Englisch
sprechen
आप
अंग्रेज़ी
बोल
सकते हैं
あなたは
英語が
話せ
ます
か
你
会
说
英语
吗
هل
تستطيع
التحدث
باللغة الإنجليزية
Вы
умеете
говорить
по-английски
Compare with languages in the same classification
An
uffata
hoteela
fuuldura
suuqii keessatti
argee
ofkoluuf ilaaluu
barbaada
Somali
Waxaan
rabaa
in aan isku eego
sharci
aan arkay
dukaan
ka soo horjeeda
hotelka
Maqaan
koo
Tanaka
dha
Somali
Magacaygu
waa
Tanaka
Ani
ganama hunda
sa'a 7tti
ciree
nan nyaadha
Somali
Waxaan
cunaa
quraac
subax walba
saacadda 7
Buufanni
dhiyoo
eessatti
argama
Somali
Xaggee
ayuu
ugu dhow yahay
istayshinka
Buna
kun
baay'ee
mi'aawa dha
Somali
Kafigan
kan
waa aad u
macaan
Ani
yunivarsiitii keessatti
Jaappaaniiffa
nan baradha
Somali
Waxaan
bartaa
Jabbaaniis
jaamacadda
Borii
haalli qilleensaa
aduu
ta'a
Somali
Berri
cimiladu
wuxuu noqon doonaa
cadceed
Haatii koo
guyyuu hunda
irbaata
ni bilchiti
Somali
Hooyaday
karinjisaa
casho
maalin walba
An
waggaa
dhufu
Jaappaan
deemuu
barbaada
Somali
Waxaan
rabaa
in aan aado
Japan
sanadka
soo socda
Ati
Ingiliffaan
dubbachuu
ni dandeessa
Somali
Ma
ku hadli kartaa
Ingiriisi
Open the interactive map: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
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