Daasanach
Afro-Asiatic
Daasanach (also Dassanech, Dasenech, Reshiat) is an East Cushitic language of the Omo-Turkana cultural region, where Ethiopia, Kenya, and South Sudan converge. The Daasanach are cattle-pastoralists whose territory is centered on the Omo River delta and Lake Turkana north shore. Linguistically, Daasanach has classic East Cushitic features: gender-based agreement, focus markers, and complex verb conjugation. The language has gained academic prominence through Mauro Tosco's 2001 reference grammar, and the Daasanach community itself has been the focus of anthropological work on cattle-pastoralist culture and gender.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Daasanach
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Afro-Asiatic
| Meaning | Daasanach | Somali | Konso | Oromo | Saho | Afar | Sidamo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | bie /bie/ | biyo /bijo/ | pisha /piʃa/ | bishaan /biʃaːn/ | laye /laje/ | lee /leː/ | waa /waː/ |
| Fire | ʄiet /ʄiet/ | dab /dab/ | apitta /apitːa/ | ibidda /ibidːa/ | gira /ɡira/ | gira /ɡira/ | giira /ɡiːra/ |
| Sun | aadh /aːð/ | qorrax /qorːaħ/ | piirtuta /piːrtuta/ | aduu /aduː/ | ayro /ajɾo/ | ayró /ajro/ | arrishsho /arːiʃːo/ |
| Moon | ɠuiy /ɠuij/ | dayax /dajaħ/ | leya /leja/ | jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ | alsa /alsa/ | alsá /alsa/ | agana /aɡana/ |
| Star | izinti /izinti/ | xiddig /ħiddiɡ/ | hikkitta /hikːitːa/ | urjii /urdʒiː/ | xutuk /ħutuk/ | cutuk /ħutuk/ | beeddakko /beːdːakko/ |
| Night | chuure /tʃuːre/ | habeen /habeːn/ | halkeetta /halkeːtːa/ | halkan /halkan/ | bar /bar/ | bar /bar/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ |
| Rain | ir /ir/ | roob /roːb/ | roopa /roːpa/ | bokkaa /ˈbokːaː/ | rob /rob/ | rob /rob/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ |
| Wind | waanich /waːnitʃ/ | dabayl /ˈdabajl/ | puppeeta /pupːeːta/ | bubbee /ˈbubːeː/ | xaaxat /ħaːħat/ | caacay /ħaːħaj/ | bubbe /bubːe/ |
| Earth | les /les/ | dhul /ɖul/ | piita /piːta/ | lafa /lafa/ | baarho /baːɽo/ | árdi /ardi/ | uulla /uːlla/ |
| Stone | waar /waːr/ | dhagax /ɖaˈɡaħ/ | daka /ɗaka/ | dhagaa /ɖaˈɡaː/ | dhaa /ɖaː/ | xáa /ɖaː/ | kincho /kintʃo/ |
| Mountain | gum /ɡum/ | buur /buːr/ | irroota /irːoːta/ | tulluu /tulːuː/ | kooma /koːma/ | qale /ʕale/ | gaara /ɡaːra/ |
| Sea | bas /bas/ | bad /bad/ | pakateeta /pakateːta/ | galaana /ɡalaːna/ | bad /bad/ | bad /bad/ | baare /baːre/ |
| Mother | ʄie /ʄie/ | hooyo /hoːjo/ | aayyaa /aːjːaː/ | haadha /haːɗa/ | ina /ina/ | iná /iˈna/ | ama /ama/ |
| Father | ʄaa /ʄaː/ | aabo /aːbo/ | aappaa /aːpːaː/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | abba /abba/ | abbá /abːa/ | anna /anːa/ |
| Daughter | ini /ini/ | gabadh /ɡabaɖ/ | enenta /enenta/ | intala /intala/ | barhä /baˈɽa/ | baxá /baˈxa/ | beetto /beːtːo/ |
| I | yu /ju/ | aniga /aniɡa/ | anti /anti/ | ani /ani/ | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | ani /ani/ |
| You | kuun /kuːn/ | adiga /adiɡa/ | atti /atti/ | ati /ati/ | atu /atu/ | atu /atu/ | ati /ati/ |
| We | nyinyi /ɲiɲi/ | innaga / annaga /inːaɡa / anːaɡa/ | ino /ino/ | nuti /nuti/ | nanu /nanu/ | nanu /nanu/ | ninke /ninke/ |
| Name | meeny /meːɲ/ | magac /maɡaʕ/ | maχχa /maχːa/ | maqaa /makʼaː/ | migac /miɡaʕ/ | migáq /miɡaʕ/ | suʼma /suʔma/ |
| Person | maadhat /maːðat/ | qof /qof/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | xiyaw /ħijaw/ | núm /num/ | mancho /mantʃo/ |
| Head | met /met/ | madax /madaħ/ | matta /matːa/ | mataa /mataː/ | amo /amo/ | amó /amo/ | umo /umo/ |
| Eye | il /il/ | il /il/ | ilta /ilta/ | ija /idʒa/ | inti /inti/ | intí /inti/ | ille /ilːe/ |
| Ear | net /net/ | dheg /ɖeɡ/ | napahata /napahata/ | gurra /ɡurra/ | cokka /ʕokka/ | ayti /ajti/ | macca /matʃʼːa/ |
| Nose | sono /sono/ | san /san/ | sina /sina/ | funyaan /fuɲaːn/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | sano /sano/ |
| Mouth | afo /afo/ | af /af/ | afa /afa/ | afaan /afaːn/ | af /af/ | af /af/ | afo /afo/ |
| Tooth | kachint /katʃint/ | ilig /iliɡ/ | ilkitta /ilkitːa/ | ilkaan /ilkaːn/ | iko /iko/ | boddiná /bodːina/ | hinko /hinko/ |
| Tongue | ere /ere/ | carrab /ʕarːab/ | arrapa /arːapa/ | arraba /arːaba/ | anrab /anrab/ | arraabá /arːaːba/ | arrawo /arːawo/ |
| Hand | gil /ɡil/ | gacan /ɡaʕan/ | harka /harka/ | harka /haɾka/ | gaba /ɡaba/ | gabá /ɡaba/ | anga /anɡa/ |
| Foot | gas /ɡas/ | cago /ʕaɡo/ | loʛta /loʛta/ | miilla /miːlːa/ | iba /iba/ | iba /iba/ | lekka /ˈlekːa/ |
| Heart | lubeen /lubeːn/ | wadne /wadnɛ/ | sataʔta /sataʔta/ | onnee /onːeː/ | qalbe /qalbe/ | lubbí /lubːi/ | wodana /wodana/ |
| Bone | lafiti /lafiti/ | laf /laf/ | lafta /lafta/ | lafee /lafeː/ | lafa /lafa/ | lafa /lafa/ | miqicho /mikʼitʃo/ |
| Blood | fas /fas/ | dhiig /ɖiːɡ/ | diika /ɗiːka/ | dhiiga /ɖiːɡa/ | biilo /biːlo/ | qabal /ʕabal/ | munde /munde/ |
| Love | kashed /kaʃed/ | jacayl /dʒaʕajl/ | ʄaalaɗiyaa /ʄaːlaɗijaː/ | jaalala /dʒaːlala/ | kaxano /kaħano/ | kacanú /kaħanu/ | baxa /batʼa/ |
| Tree | ɠor /ɠor/ | geed /ɡeːd/ | ʛoyra /ʛojra/ | muka /muka/ | xarha /ħaɽa/ | caxá /ħaɖa/ | haqqe /hakʼːe/ |
| Dog | chier /tʃier/ | eey /eːj/ | kuta /kuta/ | saree /saɾeː/ | kare /kaɾe/ | kuta /kuta/ | woshichcho /woʃitʃːo/ |
| Cat | paka /paka/ | bisad /bisad/ | aturraata /aturːaːta/ | adurree /adurːeː/ | dummu /dummu/ | dummú /dumːu/ | adurree /adurːeː/ |
| Fish | beech /beːtʃ/ | kalluun /kalːuːn/ | murkuja /murkuʄa/ | qurxummii /qurxummiː/ | caasa /ʕaːsa/ | kuluntá /kuluntaː/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ |
| Bird | kimir /kimir/ | shimbir /ʃimbir/ | χampira /χampira/ | simbirroo /simbirroː/ | kimbir /kimbir/ | kimbiró /kimbiroː/ | ceʼa /tʃʼeʔa/ |
| Butterfly | arab /arab/ | balanbaallis /balanbaːlːis/ | — | billaacha /bilːaːtʃa/ | — | laahintí /laːhinti/ | billaachcha /bilːaːtʃːa/ |
| Egg | ɠonɠo /ɠoŋɠo/ | ukun /ukun/ | hukuukka /hukuːkːa/ | hanqaaquu /hanqaːquː/ | lalim /lalim/ | — | quuphichcho /kʼuːpʼitʃːo/ |
| Horse | farich /faritʃ/ | faras /faras/ | farta /farta/ | farda /farda/ | faras /faras/ | faras /faras/ | farashsho /faraʃːo/ |
| House | ɓil /ɓil/ | guri /ɡuɾi/ | tika /tika/ | mana /mana/ | care /ʕare/ | qarí /ʕari/ | mine /mine/ |
| Milk | eeno /eːno/ | caano /ʕaːno/ | aanna /aːnːa/ | aannan /aːnːan/ | xan /ħan/ | cán /ħan/ | ado /ado/ |
| Honey | dhaanite /ðaːnite/ | malab /malab/ | takma /takma/ | damma /damːa/ | malab /malab/ | malab /malab/ | malawo /malawo/ |
| Salt | shugut /ʃuɡut/ | cusbo /ʕusbo/ | sookitta /soːkitːa/ | soogidda /soːɡidːa/ | mulxu /mulħu/ | qasbó /ʕasbo/ | maxine /matʼine/ |
| Iron | sibil /sibil/ | bir /bir/ | sipla /sipla/ | sibiila /sibiːla/ | birit /birit/ | birta /birta/ | siwiila /siwiːla/ |
| Eat | icho /itʃo/ | cun /ʕun/ | ɗamiyaa /ɗamijaː/ | nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ | niitan /niːtan/ | akmé /akme/ | ita /ita/ |
| Drink | ʔurro /ʔuro/ | cab /ʕab/ | ikiyaa /ikijaː/ | dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ | yaaqab /jaːʕab/ | kibé /kibe/ | aga /aɡa/ |
| One | tikiɗ /tikiɗ/ | kow /kow/ | takka /takːa/ | tokko /tokːo/ | inki /inki/ | inki /inki/ | mitto /mitːo/ |
| Two | naam /naːm/ | laba /laba/ | lakki /lakːi/ | lama /lama/ | lamma /lamma/ | namma /namːa/ | lame /lame/ |
| Three | sedde /sɛdːɛ/ | saddex /sadːex/ | sessa /sesːa/ | sadii /sadiː/ | adox /adoħ/ | sidóc /sidoħ/ | sase /sase/ |
| Four | afur /afur/ | afar /afar/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | afar /afar/ | ferey /ferej/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ |
| Five | chen /tʃɛn/ | shan /ʃan/ | ken /ken/ | shan /ʃan/ | koon /koːn/ | konoy /konoj/ | onte /onte/ |
| Hundred | kuɗ /kuɗ/ | boqol /boqol/ | dippa /ɗipːa/ | dhibba /ɗibba/ | bool /boːl/ | bool /boːl/ | xibbe /tʼibːe/ |
| Hello | naa /naː/ | salaan /salaːn/ | nakaytaa /nakajtaː/ | akkam /akːam/ | malaal /malaːl/ | nagá /naɡa/ | nagaa yiʼne /naɡaː jiʔne/ |
| Thank you | galche /ɡaltʃe/ | mahadsanid /mahadsanid/ | kalata /kalata/ | galatoomi /ɡalatoːmi/ | galatto /ɡalatto/ | qungúsa /ʕuŋɡusa/ | galiʼne /ɡaliʔne/ |
| Good | midhab /miðab/ | wanaagsan /wanaːɡsan/ | paχaara /paχaːra/ | gaarii /ɡaːriː/ | mece /meʕe/ | meqé /meʕe/ | danchu /dantʃu/ |
| New | kaana /kaːna/ | cusub /ʕusub/ | haraya /haraja/ | haaraa /haːraː/ | cusub /ʕusub/ | qusbá /ʕusba/ | haaro /haːro/ |
| Red | bur /bur/ | cas /ʕas/ | tiima /tiːma/ | diimaa /diːmaː/ | casa /ʕasa/ | qasá /ʕasa/ | duuma /duːma/ |
| White | edh /eð/ | cad /ʕad/ | ata /ata/ | adii /adiː/ | cado /ʕado/ | qado /ʕado/ | waajjo /waːdʒːo/ |
| Black | ongʼor /oŋor/ | madow /madow/ | poora /poːra/ | gurraacha /ɡurːaːtʃaː/ | dat /dat/ | datá /data/ | kolishsho /koliʃːo/ |
| Green | ɠileeb /ɠileːb/ | cagaar /ʕaɡaːr/ | ilaawa /ilaːwa/ | magariisa /maɡariːsa/ | andharh /anɖaɽ/ | anxaxiní /anɖaɖini/ | hanja /handʒa/ |
| Blue | ɠileeb /ɠileːb/ | buluug /buˈluːɡ/ | — | cuquliisa /tʃukʼuliːsa/ | — | kucliní /kuħlini/ | — |
| Ninety-nine | tomon saal a saal /tomon saːl a saːl/ | sagaal iyo sagaashan /saˈɡaːl ijo saɡaːˈʃan/ | — | sagaltamii sagal /saɡaltamiː saɡal/ | — | sagla taban kee sagaal /saɡla taban keː saɡaːl/ | honsayina honse /honsajina honse/ |
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