Lusoga
Soga
Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu; Great Lakes / Northeast Bantu, Zone JE.16)
Soga (natively Lusoga) is a Bantu language of the Niger-Congo family, spoken by the Soga (Basoga) people in the Busoga region of southeastern Uganda, north of Lake Victoria. It has roughly 3 million speakers, making it one of Uganda's larger languages. Written in the Latin alphabet, it is a tonal language closely related to neighbouring Ganda (Luganda), and while not a national official language it is widely used in local education, radio and print.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Soga
Sources
- Baibuli Ekibono kya Katonda 2014, Lusoga Bible (bible.com 1256; round-62 cache); lexibank tls dataset, Lusoga list (iffe, erino, eigumba, iyaka, kutenduka, enyhindo, munyhu); Grollemund et al. 2015 Bantu lexicon (JE16 Lusoga); ASJP SOGA. Nabirye 2009, Eiwanika ly'Olusoga (general reference, not consulted: the site refuses the LangMap User-Agent)
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Niger-Congo (Atlantic-Congo, Bantu; Great Lakes / Northeast Bantu, Zone JE.16)
| Meaning | Soga | Luganda | Nyoro | Tooro | Runyankole | Chiga | Luhya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amazzi /amaːzːi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amatsi /amatsi/ |
| Fire | omuliro /omuliɾo/ | omuliro /omuliɾo/ | omurro /omurro/ | omurro /omurro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ |
| Sun | endhuba /end̪uba/ | enjuba /eɲɟuba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | liuba /liuba/ |
| Moon | omwezi /omwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | omwesi /omwesi/ |
| Star | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | emmunyeenye /emːuɲeːɲe/ | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyunyunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ |
| Night | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | eshilo /eʃilo/ |
| Rain | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enkuba /eŋˈkuba/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | efula /eˈfula/ |
| Wind | empewo /empewo/ | empewo /empeːwo/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyeka /omujeka/ |
| Earth | eitaka /eitaka/ | ettaka /ettaka/ | itaka /itaka/ | itaaka /itaːka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | liloba /liloba/ |
| Stone | eibaale /eibaːle/ | ejjinja /edʒːiˈndʒa/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | lichina /litʃina/ |
| Mountain | olusozzi /olusozzi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ |
| Sea | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | ennyanja /eɲːaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ | enyanja /eɲaːndʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | inyanza /iɲanza/ |
| Mother | maama /maːma/ | maama /maːma/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyina /ɲina/ | mayi /maji/ |
| Father | lata /lata/ | taata /taːta/ | isho /iʃo/ | isho /iʃo/ | tata /tata/ | ishe /iʃe/ | papa /papa/ |
| Daughter | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuwala /omuwala/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ |
| I | nze /nze/ | nze /nze/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | ese /ese/ |
| You | iwe /iwe/ | ggwe /ɡːwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ |
| We | iffe /ifːe/ | ffe /fːe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | efwe /efwe/ |
| Name | eriina /eriːna/ | erinnya /eriɲːa/ | ibara /iβara/ | ibara /iβara/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | elira /elira/ |
| Person | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omundu /omundu/ |
| Head | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omurwe /omurwe/ |
| Eye | eriiso /eɾiːso/ | eriiso /eɾiːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | liiso /liːso/ |
| Ear | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ |
| Nose | ennhindo /eɲːindo/ | ennyindo /eɲːindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | amolu /amolu/ |
| Mouth | omunwa /omunwa/ | akamwa /akamwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ |
| Tooth | erino /erino/ | erinnyo /eriɲːo/ | eriino /eriːno/ | iino /iːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | lino /lino/ |
| Tongue | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ |
| Hand | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukhono /omukʰono/ |
| Foot | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /etʃiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ |
| Heart | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omwoyo /omwojo/ |
| Bone | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eggumba /eɡːumba/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ |
| Blood | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | amasayi /amasaji/ |
| Poop | amazzi /amazːi/ | empitambi /empitambi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amaazi /amaːzi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amafwi /amafwi/ |
| Love | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | okwagala /okwaːɡala/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ |
| Tree | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omusala /omusala/ |
| Dog | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Cat | pusi /pusi/ | kkapa /kːapa/ | paaka /paːka/ | paaka /paːka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ | lipusi /lipusi/ |
| Fish | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | ekyennyanja /etʃeɲːaɲdʒa/ | encu /eɲtʃu/ | echu /etʃu/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | inyeni /iɲeni/ |
| Bird | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | ennyonyi /eɲːoˈɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ |
| Butterfly | ekiwoiwolo /ekiwoiwolo/ | ekiwojjolo /etʃiwodʒːolo/ | — | ekihoiholya /ekihoiholja/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | ekinyugunyugu /etʃiɲuɡuɲuɡu/ | likuyukuyu /likujukuju/ |
| Egg | eggi /eɡːi/ | eggi /ˈeɡːi/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | liki /liki/ |
| Horse | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embarasi /embarasi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ |
| House | endhu /end̪u/ | ennyumba /eɲːumba/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enzu /enzu/ |
| Milk | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amabeere /amabeːre/ |
| Honey | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | omubisi gwʼenjuki /omubisi ɡweɲdʒuki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | obushi /obuʃi/ |
| Salt | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omunnyo /omuɲːo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ |
| Wine | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | wayini /wajini/ | eviini /eviːni/ | eviini /eviːni/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | idivai /idivai/ |
| Rice | omutyele /omutjele/ | omuceere /omutʃeːre/ | — | — | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | omukyeeri /omutʃeːri/ | omucheele /omutʃeːle/ |
| Iron | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyuma /eˈtʃuːma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ | eshibia /eʃibia/ |
| Wheel | enkede /eŋkede/ | nnamuziga /nːamuˈziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | omukurutumu /omukurutumu/ |
| Silk | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | — |
| Book | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ |
| Eat | kulya /kulja/ | okulya /okulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | khulia /kʰulia/ |
| Drink | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | okunywa /okuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ |
| Sleep | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | okwebaka /okweβaka/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | khukona /kʰukona/ |
| One | ndala /ndala/ | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | emoi /emoi/ | emwe /emwe/ | rumwe /rumwe/ | ndala /ndala/ |
| Two | ibiri /ibiri/ | bbiri /bːiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | tsibili /tsibili/ |
| Three | isatu /isatu/ | ssatu /sːatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | isatu /iːsatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | tsitaru /tsitaru/ |
| Four | ina /ina/ | nnya /ɲːa/ | ina /ina/ | ina /iːna/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | tsine /tsine/ |
| Five | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | ttaano /tːaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | tsirano /tsirano/ |
| Hundred | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | emia /emia/ |
| Hello | mwaakire /mwaːkiɾe/ | oli otya /oli otja/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire /oraire/ | mulembe /mulembe/ |
| Thank you | weebale /weːbale/ | webale /weːbale/ | webale /webale/ | webale /webale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | orio /orio/ |
| Good | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /tʃiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | malayi /malaji/ |
| New | iyaka /ijaka/ | mpya /mpja/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ | eshiyia /eʃijia/ |
| Red | myufu /mjufu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kumafu /kumafu/ |
| White | ndheru /nd̪eɾu/ | eru /eːru/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ |
| Black | ndhirugavu /nd̪iɾuɡavu/ | ddugavu /dduɡavu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | eshimali /eʃimali/ |
| Blue | bululu /bululu/ | bululu /bululu/ | — | bururu /bururu/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | buluu /buluː/ |
| Ninety-nine | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | kyenda mu mwenda /tʃenda mu mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ | — | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ |
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