New Zealand English / Reo Pākehā
Bahasa Inggris Selandia Baru
Rumpun Indo-Eropa (cabang Jermanik Barat, Inggris, Antipode)
Bahasa Inggris Selandia Baru adalah ragam bahasa Inggris yang dituturkan di Selandia Baru oleh sekitar 3,8 juta orang, ragam utama bahasa Inggris yang termuda (kolonisasi pasca-1840). Ragam ini terutama berasal dari dialek para pemukim Inggris bagian selatan, dengan pengaruh Australia yang signifikan dan masukan Skotlandia (terutama di Otago dan Southland). Ia dibedakan dari bahasa Inggris Australia oleh vokal yang lebih tertutup/tersentralisasi (yang terkenal 'fush and chups' alih-alih 'fish and chips' akibat sentralisasi /ɪ/), pergeseran /æ/ ke depan, serta khazanah kata serapan Māori yang hidup (kia ora, whānau, kai, mana, taonga, aroha) yang telah masuk ke dalam pertuturan sehari-hari. Kebijakan dwibahasa yang aktif sejak Undang-Undang Bahasa Māori 1987 (Māori Language Act) telah mengangkat te reo Māori ke status bahasa resmi bersama di samping bahasa Inggris.
Tempat dituturkan
87 kata inti dalam bahasa Inggris Selandia Baru
Sumber
- Ethnologue: en (NZ)
- Bauer & Warren (2004) New Zealand English
- Hay, Maclagan & Gordon (2008) New Zealand English
Perbandingan kata
Dibandingkan dengan bahasa lain dalam klasifikasi yang sama: Rumpun Indo-Eropa (cabang Jermanik Barat, Inggris, Antipode)
| Arti | Bahasa Inggris Selandia Baru | Bahasa Inggris Australia | Bahasa Inggris Afrika Selatan | Bahasa Inggris Estuari | Brummie | Cockney | Bahasa Inggris |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwoːɾə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːʔə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwoːʔə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ |
| Api | fire /fɑeə/ | fire /fɑːə/ | fire /fɑɪə/ | fire /fɑɪə/ | fire /fɔɪə/ | fire /fɑːə/ | fire /faɪə/ |
| Matahari | sun /sɐn/ | sun /sɐn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sɐn/ | sun /sʌn/ |
| Bulan | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /mʉːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Bintang | star /stɐː/ | star /stɐː/ | star /stɑː/ | star /stɑː/ | star /staː/ | star /stɑː/ | star /stɑːɹ/ |
| Malam | night /nɐet/ | night /nɑet/ | night /nɑɪt/ | night /nɑɪt/ | night /nɑɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ |
| Hujan | rain /ɹæen/ | rain /ɹæɪn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹɛɪn/ | rain /ɹʌɪn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeɪn/ |
| Salju | snow /snɐʉ/ | snow /snɐʉ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snoʊ/ |
| Angin | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ |
| Tanah | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ | earth /ɜːθ/ |
| Batu | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stəʊn/ | stone /stəʊn/ | stone /stɐʊn/ | stone /stæʊn/ | stone /stoʊn/ |
| Gunung | mountain /ˈmæʊntən/ | mountain /ˈmæɔntən/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ | mountain /ˈmæʊnʔən/ | mountain /ˈmæʊntɪn/ | mountain /ˈmæːnʔn̩/ | mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ |
| Laut | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ | sea /siː/ |
| Ibu | mother /ˈmɐðə/ | mother /ˈmɐðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʊðə/ | mother /ˈmɐvə/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ |
| Ayah | father /ˈfɐːðə/ | father /ˈfɐːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfaːðə/ | father /ˈfɑːvə/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ |
| Anak perempuan | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdoːɾə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːʔə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdoːʔə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ |
| Saya | I /ɑe/ | I /ɑɪ/ | I /ɑɪ/ | I /ɑɪ/ | I /ɔɪ/ | I /ɑɪ/ | I /aɪ/ |
| Kamu | you /jʉː/ | you /jʉː/ | you /jʉː/ | you /juː/ | you /jʊ/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ |
| Kita | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ |
| Nama | name /næem/ | name /næɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /næɪm/ | name /nʌɪm/ | name /næɪm/ | name /neɪm/ |
| Orang | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ | person /ˈpɜːsən/ |
| Kepala | head /hed/ | head /hed/ | head /hed/ | head /hed/ | head /hɛd/ | head /hed/ | head /hɛd/ |
| Mata | eye /ɐe/ | eye /ɑːe/ | eye /ɑɪ/ | eye /ɑɪ/ | eye /ɔɪ/ | eye /ɑː/ | eye /aɪ/ |
| Telinga | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /ɪɚ/ |
| Hidung | nose /nəʉz/ | nose /nəʉz/ | nose /nəʊz/ | nose /nəʊz/ | nose /nəʊz/ | nose /noʊz/ | nose /noʊz/ |
| Mulut | mouth /mæɔθ/ | mouth /mæːʉθ/ | mouth /maʊθ/ | mouth /mæʊθ/ | mouth /mæʊθ/ | mouth /mæːθ/ | mouth /maʊθ/ |
| Gigi | tooth /tʉːθ/ | tooth /tʉːθ/ | tooth /tʉːθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tʊθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ |
| Lidah | tongue /taŋ/ | tongue /taŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʊŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ |
| Tangan | hand /hænd/ | hand /hæːnd/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hand/ | hand /ænd/ | hand /hænd/ |
| Kaki | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊʔ/ | foot /fʊt/ | foot /fʊʔ/ | foot /fʊt/ |
| Hati | heart /hɐːt/ | heart /hɐːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːʔ/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /ɑːʔ/ | heart /hɑːt/ |
| Tulang | bone /bɐʉn/ | bone /bəʉn/ | bone /bəʊn/ | bone /bəʊn/ | bone /bɐʊn/ | bone /bæʊn/ | bone /boʊn/ |
| Darah | blood /blad/ | blood /blad/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʊd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʌd/ |
| Pup | poo /puː/ | poo /pʉː/ | poo /pʉː/ | poo /puː/ | poo /puː/ | poo /puː/ | poop /puːp/ |
| Cinta | love /lɐv/ | love /lɐv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʊv/ | love /lɐv/ | love /lʌv/ |
| Pohon | tree /tɾiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ |
| Anjing | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ |
| Kucing | cat /kæt/ | cat /kæːt/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kæʔ/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kæʔ/ | cat /kæt/ |
| Ikan | fish /fɘʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ |
| Burung | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːɹd/ |
| Kupu-kupu | butterfly /ˈbɐtəflɑe/ | butterfly /ˈbɐɾəflɑɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌtəflɑɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌʔəflɑɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʊtəflɑɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbɐʔəflaɪ/ | butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ |
| Telur | egg /eɡ/ | egg /eɡ/ | egg /eɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ |
| Beruang | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /beː/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ | bear /bɛə/ |
| Kuda | horse /hoːs/ | horse /hoːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ | horse /ɔːs/ | horse /hɔːs/ |
| Rumah | house /hæɔs/ | house /hæːʉs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /hæʊs/ | house /hæʊs/ | house /æːʔs/ | house /haʊs/ |
| Susu | milk /məlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪwk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪwk/ | milk /mɪlk/ |
| Madu | honey /ˈhani/ | honey /ˈhani/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ | honey /ˈhʊni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ | honey /ˈhʌni/ |
| Garam | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /soːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /soːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ |
| Anggur | wine /wɑɪn/ | wine /wɑɪn/ | wine /wɑɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ |
| Beras | rice /rɑɪs/ | rice /ɹɑɪs/ | rice /ɹɑɪs/ | rice /ɹɑɪs/ | rice /ɹɑɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ | rice /ɹaɪs/ |
| Cokelat | chocolate /ˈtʃɔklət/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɔklət/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɒkləʔ/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɒklɪʔ/ | chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ |
| Besi | iron /ˈɑeən/ | iron /ˈɑːən/ | iron /ˈɑɪən/ | iron /ˈɑɪən/ | iron /ˈɔɪən/ | iron /ˈɑːən/ | iron /ˈaɪən/ |
| Roda | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ |
| Sutra | silk /səlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪwk/ | silk /sɪlk/ | silk /sɪwk/ | silk /sɪlk/ |
| Buku | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ | book /bʊk/ |
| Makan | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːʔ/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːʔ/ | eat /iːt/ |
| Minum | drink /dɾɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ |
| Tidur | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ |
| Satu | one /wɐn/ | one /wɐn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʊn/ | one /wɐn/ | one /wʌn/ |
| Dua | two /tʉː/ | two /tʉː/ | two /tʉː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tʰuː/ | two /tuː/ |
| Tiga | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /fɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ |
| Empat | four /foː/ | four /foː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔːɹ/ |
| Lima | five /fɑɪv/ | five /fɑɪv/ | five /fɑɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ |
| Seratus | hundred /ˈhandɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhandɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʊndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ |
| Halo | kia ora /kiə ɔːɾə/ | g'day /ɡəˈdæɪ/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /həˈlʌʊ/ | hello /həˈlʌʊ/ | oi /oɪ/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ |
| Terima kasih | cheers /tʃiəz/ | thanks /θæːŋks/ | thanks /θæŋks/ | thanks /θæŋks/ | ta /taː/ | fanks /fæŋks/ | thank you /θæŋk juː/ |
| Baik | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ |
| Baru | new /njʉː/ | new /njʉː/ | new /njʉː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ | new /njuː/ |
| Merah | red /ɹed/ | red /ɹed/ | red /ɹed/ | red /ɹed/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹed/ | red /ɹɛd/ |
| Putih | white /wɑɪt/ | white /wɑɪt/ | white /wɑɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ |
| Hitam | black /blæk/ | black /blæːk/ | black /blæk/ | black /blæk/ | black /blak/ | black /blæk/ | black /blæk/ |
| Hijau | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ |
| Biru | blue /blʉː/ | blue /blʉː/ | blue /blʉː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ | blue /bluː/ |
| Burung kangkok | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkʉː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ | cuckoo /ˈkʊkuː/ |
| Guk guk | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ | woof /wʊf/ |
| Kukuruyuk | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɔkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkədʉːdlˈdʉː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ | cock-a-doodle-doo /ˌkɒkəduːdlˈduː/ |
| Komputer | computer /kəmˈpjʉːtɐ/ | computer /kəmˈpjʉːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpjʉːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːʔə/ | computer /kəmˈpjuːtə/ |
| Wi-Fi | Wi-Fi /ˈwɑɪfɑɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwɑɪfɑɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwɑɪfɑɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ | Wi-Fi /ˈwaɪfaɪ/ |
| Susyi | sushi /ˈsʉːʃiː/ | sushi /ˈsʉːʃiː/ | sushi /ˈsʉʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsʉːʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuːʃi/ |
| Teh | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ | tea /tiː/ |
| Kopi | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɔfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ | coffee /ˈkɒfi/ |
| Gula | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ | sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ |
| Jeruk | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɔɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ | orange /ˈɒɹɪndʒ/ |
| 99 | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnɑɪnti ˈnɑɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ | ninety-nine /ˈnaɪnti ˈnaɪn/ |
| Dopamin | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʉpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdəʊpəmiːn/ | dopamine /ˈdoʊpəmiːn/ |
| Tanda @ | at /ɛt/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ | at /at/ | at /æt/ | at /æt/ |
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