Chamoru
Chamorro
Austronesian (Western Malayo-Polynesian)
Chamorro (Finu' Chamoru) is the indigenous language of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands (a U.S. territory and a U.S. commonwealth respectively), with ~50K speakers. Co-official with English in both Guam and the CNMI. Centuries of Spanish rule (1565–1898) left an enormous Spanish vocabulary layer (estimates of ~50%+ Spanish-derived) and the noun phrase has been thoroughly restructured around Spanish patterns (definite/indefinite articles, the personal "a"). Verb-initial Philippine-type morphosyntax, focus/voice system. Closely related to other Western Malayo-Polynesian languages of the Philippines and Indonesia.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Chamorro
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Austronesian (Western Malayo-Polynesian)
| Meaning | Chamorro | Chavacano | Hiligaynon | Cebuano | Bikol Central | Ilocano | Mexican Spanish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | hånom /ˈhɑnom/ | agua /ˈaɡwa/ | tubig /tubiɡ/ | tubig /tubiɡ/ | tubig /tubiɡ/ | danum /danum/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ |
| Fire | guafi /ɡʷafi/ | fuego /ˈfweɡo/ | kalayo /kalaˈjo/ | kalayo /kalajo/ | kalayo /kalajo/ | apoy /ʔaˈpoj/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ |
| Sun | atdao /atdao/ | sol /sol/ | adlaw /adlaw/ | adlaw /adlaw/ | saldang /salˈdaŋ/ | init /ʔinit/ | sol /sol/ |
| Moon | pulan /pulan/ | luna /ˈluna/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | luna /ˈluna/ |
| Star | putiʼon /putiˈʔon/ | estrellas /esˈtɾejas/ | bituon /bituˈʔon/ | bituon /bituˈʔon/ | bitoon /bituʔon/ | bituen /bituˈen/ | estrella /esˈtɾeʝa/ |
| Night | puengi /pweŋi/ | noche /ˈnotʃe/ | gab-i /ɡabˈʔi/ | gabii /ɡaˈbiʔi/ | banggi /baŋˈɡi/ | rabii /raˈbiʔi/ | noche /ˈnotʃe/ |
| Rain | uchan /ˈutʃan/ | ulan /uˈlan/ | ulan /ˈʔulan/ | ulan /ˈʔulan/ | uran /ˈʔuɾan/ | tudo /ˈtudo/ | lluvia /ˈʝuβja/ |
| Snow | niebe /ˈnjebe/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | niyebe /niˈjebe/ | niyebe /niˈjebe/ | niyebe /niˈjebe/ | niebe /ˈnjebe/ | nieve /ˈnjeβe/ |
| Wind | mangloʼ /ˈmaŋloʔ/ | viento /ˈbjento/ | hangin /haˈŋin/ | hangin /haˈŋin/ | duros /duɾos/ | angin /ˈʔaŋin/ | viento /ˈbjento/ |
| Earth | tånoʼ /ˈtɑnoʔ/ | tierra /tjera/ | duta /dutaʔ/ | yuta /juta/ | daga /daɡaʔ/ | daga /daɡa/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ |
| Stone | achoʼ /aˈtʃoʔ/ | piedra /ˈpjedɾa/ | bato /baˈto/ | bato /baˈto/ | gapo /ɡaˈpoʔ/ | bato /baˈto/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ |
| Mountain | sabåna /saˈbɑna/ | monte /ˈmonte/ | bukid /ˈbukid/ | bukid /ˈbukid/ | bukid /buˈkid/ | bantay /banˈtaj/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ |
| Sea | tasi /ˈtasi/ | mar /maɾ/ | dagat /ˈdaɡat/ | dagat /ˈdaɡat/ | dagat /ˈdaɡat/ | baybay /ˈbajbaj/ | mar /maɾ/ |
| Mother | nana /nana/ | nana /ˈnana/ | nanay /nanaj/ | inahan /inahan/ | nanay /nanaj/ | ina /ʔiˈna/ | madre /ˈmaðɾe/ |
| Father | tata /tata/ | tata /ˈtata/ | tatay /tataj/ | amahan /amahan/ | tatay /tataj/ | ama /ʔaˈma/ | padre /ˈpaðɾe/ |
| Daughter | hagaʼ /haɡaʔ/ | hija /ˈixa/ | anak nga babayi /anak ŋa babaji/ | anak nga babaye /anak ŋa babaje/ | aki na babayi /aki na babaji/ | anak a babai /ʔanak a babai/ | hija /ˈixa/ |
| I | guåhu /ˈɡwɑhu/ | yo /jo/ | ako /ʔaˈko/ | ako /ʔaˈko/ | ako /ʔako/ | siak /siˈak/ | yo /ʝo/ |
| You | hågu /ˈhɑɡu/ | tu /tu/ | ikaw /ʔiˈkaw/ | ikaw /ʔiˈkaw/ | ika /ʔika/ | sika /siˈka/ | tú /tu/ |
| We | hita / hami /ˈhitæ / ˈhæmi/ | kita / kame /kiˈta / kaˈme/ | kita / kami /kiˈta / kaˈmi/ | kita / kami /kiˈta / kaˈmi/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | datayo / dakami /dataˈjo / dakaˈmi/ | nosotros /noˈsotɾos/ |
| Name | naʼan /ˈnaʔan/ | nombre /ˈnombɾe/ | ngalan /ˈŋalan/ | ngalan /ˈŋalan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | nagan /ˈnaɡan/ | nombre /ˈnombɾe/ |
| Person | taotao /ˈtaotao/ | gente /ˈhente/ | tawo /ˈtawo/ | tawo /ˈtawo/ | tawo /ˈtawo/ | tao /ˈtao/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ |
| Head | ulu /ˈulu/ | cabeza /kaˈbesa/ | ulo /ˈʔulo/ | ulo /ˈʔulo/ | payo /paˈjo/ | ulo /ˈʔulo/ | cabeza /kaˈβesa/ |
| Eye | måta /ˈmɑtæ/ | ojos /ˈohos/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | ojo /ˈoxo/ |
| Ear | talanga /taˈlaŋa/ | orejas /oˈɾexas/ | dulunggan /duluŋˈɡan/ | dalunggan /daluŋˈɡan/ | talinga /taˈliŋa/ | lapayag /lapaˈjaɡ/ | oreja /oˈɾexa/ |
| Nose | guiʼeng /ɡwiʔeŋ/ | nariz /naˈɾis/ | ilong /ʔiˈloŋ/ | ilong /ʔiˈloŋ/ | dungo /ˈduŋo/ | agong /ʔaˈɡoŋ/ | nariz /naˈɾis/ |
| Mouth | pachot /ˈpatʃot/ | boca /ˈboka/ | baba /ˈbabaʔ/ | baba /ˈbabaʔ/ | ngoso /ˈŋoso/ | ngiwat /ŋiˈwat/ | boca /ˈboka/ |
| Tooth | nifen /nifen/ | diente /ˈdjente/ | ngipon /ŋiˈpon/ | ngipon /ŋiˈpon/ | ngipon /ˈŋipon/ | ngipen /ŋiˈpen/ | diente /ˈdjente/ |
| Tongue | hulaʼ /hulaʔ/ | lengua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | dila /diˈlaʔ/ | dila /diˈlaʔ/ | dila /diˈlaʔ/ | dila /ˈdila/ | lengua /ˈleŋɡwa/ |
| Hand | kånnai /ˈkɑnnai/ | mano /ˈmano/ | kamot /kamot/ | kamot /kamot/ | kamot /kamot/ | ima /ʔima/ | mano /ˈmano/ |
| Foot | addeng /ˈaddeŋ/ | pies /pjes/ | tiil /tiˈʔil/ | tiil /tiˈʔil/ | bitis /biˈtis/ | saka /ˈsaka/ | pie /pje/ |
| Heart | korason /koɾason/ | corazon /koraˈson/ | tagipusuon /taɡipusuˈʔon/ | kasingkasing /kasiŋkasiŋ/ | puso /puso/ | puso /puso/ | corazón /koɾaˈson/ |
| Bone | toʼlang /ˈtoʔlaŋ/ | hueso /ˈweso/ | tul-an /tulˈʔan/ | bukog /buˈkoɡ/ | tulang /tuʔˈlaŋ/ | tulang /ˈtulaŋ/ | hueso /ˈweso/ |
| Blood | hågaʼ /ˈhɑɡaʔ/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡre/ | dugo /duˈɡoʔ/ | dugo /duˈɡoʔ/ | dugo /duˈɡoʔ/ | dara /ˈdaɾa/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ |
| Poop | tåkeʼ /ˈtɑkeʔ/ | — | tae /taʔe/ | tae /taʔe/ | udo /ʔuˈdoʔ/ | takki /ˈtakki/ | caca /ˈkaka/ |
| Love | guaiya /ɡʷaidza/ | ama /ˈama/ | gugma /ɡuɡma/ | gugma /ɡuɡma/ | pagkamoot /paɡkamoʔot/ | ayat /ʔaˈjat/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ |
| Tree | trongkon /tɾoŋkon/ | palo /ˈpalo/ | kahoy /kahoj/ | kahoy /kahoj/ | kahoy /kahoj/ | kayo /kajo/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ |
| Dog | gaʼlågu /ɡaʔˈlɑɡu/ | perro /ˈpeɾo/ | ido /ʔido/ | iro /ʔiˈɾoʔ/ | ayam /ajam/ | aso /ˈʔaso/ | perro /ˈpero/ |
| Cat | katu /katu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | kuring /kuɾiŋ/ | iring /iɾiŋ/ | ikos /ikos/ | pusa /pusa/ | gato /ˈɡato/ |
| Fish | guihan /ɡʷiˈhan/ | pescao /pesˈkaw/ | isda /ʔisˈdaʔ/ | isda /ʔisˈdaʔ/ | sira /ˈsiɾaʔ/ | ikan /ʔiˈkan/ | pez /pes/ |
| Bird | paluma /paˈluma/ | pajaro /paxaɾo/ | pispis /pisˈpis/ | langgam /laŋˈɡam/ | gamgam /ɡamɡam/ | billit /bilˈlit/ | pájaro /ˈpaxaɾo/ |
| Butterfly | ababang /aˈbabaŋ/ | mariposa /maɾiˈposa/ | alibangbang /ʔalibaŋbaŋ/ | alibangbang /ʔalibaŋˈbaŋ/ | kulagbaw /kulaɡˈbaw/ | kulibangbang /kulibaŋbaŋ/ | mariposa /maɾiˈposa/ |
| Egg | chådaʼ /tʃadaʔ/ | huevo /ˈweβo/ | itlog /ʔitˈloɡ/ | itlog /ʔitˈloɡ/ | sugok /suɡok/ | itlog /ʔitˈloɡ/ | huevo /ˈweβo/ |
| Bear | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /ˈʔoso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /ˈʔoso/ | oso /ˈoso/ |
| Horse | kabåyu /kaˈbɑju/ | caballo /kaˈbajo/ | kabayo /kaˈbajo/ | kabayo /kaˈbajo/ | kabayo /kaˈbajo/ | kabalio /kaˈbaljo/ | caballo /kaˈβaʝo/ |
| House | gumaʼ /ɡumaʔ/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | balay /balaj/ | balay /balaj/ | harong /haɾoŋ/ | balay /balaj/ | casa /ˈkasa/ |
| Milk | leche /ˈletʃe/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | gatas /ˈɡatas/ | gatas /ˈɡatas/ | gatas /ˈɡatas/ | gatas /ˈɡatas/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ |
| Honey | miet /miet/ | miel /mjel/ | dugos /duˈɡos/ | dugos /duˈɡos/ | tangguli /taŋɡuli/ | diro /diˈɾo/ | miel /mjel/ |
| Salt | asiga /aˈsiɡa/ | sal /sal/ | asin /ʔaˈsin/ | asin /ʔaˈsin/ | asin /ʔaˈsin/ | asin /ʔaˈsin/ | sal /sal/ |
| Wine | bino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | bino /ˈbino/ | bino /ˈbino/ | arak /ˈʔaɾak/ | arak /ˈʔarak/ | vino /ˈbino/ |
| Rice | pugas /ˈpuɡas/ | arroz /aˈɾos/ | bugas /buˈɡas/ | bugas /buˈɡas/ | bagas /baˈɡas/ | bagas /baˈɡas/ | arroz /aˈros/ |
| Chocolate | chukulåti /tʃukuˈlɑti/ | chocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | tsokolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | tsokolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | tsokolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | tsokolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | chocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ |
| Iron | lulok /ˈlulok/ | hierro /ˈjero/ | salsalon /salsaˈlon/ | puthaw /putˈhaw/ | batbat /ˈbatbat/ | landok /lanˈdok/ | hierro /ˈjero/ |
| Wheel | rueda /ɾuˈeda/ | rueda /ˈrweda/ | rueda /ɾuˈeda/ | ligid /liˈɡid/ | ruweda /ɾuˈweda/ | pilid /pilid/ | rueda /ˈrweða/ |
| Silk | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseda/ | sida /ˈsida/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseda/ | seda /ˈseða/ |
| Book | lepblo /ˈlepblo/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libro /ˈlibɾo/ | libro /ˈlibɾo/ | libro /ˈlibɾo/ | libro /ˈlibɾo/ | libro /ˈliβɾo/ |
| Eat | kånnoʼ /ˈkɑnnoʔ/ | come /koˈme/ | kaon /kaʔon/ | kaon /kaʔon/ | kakanon /kakanon/ | mangan /maŋan/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ |
| Drink | gimen /ɡimen/ | toma /toˈma/ | inom /ʔinom/ | inom /inom/ | inumon /inumon/ | uminom /ʔumiˈnom/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ |
| Sleep | maigoʼ /maiˈɡoʔ/ | durmi /duɾmi/ | matulog /matuˈloɡ/ | matulog /maˈtuloɡ/ | turog /tuɾoɡ/ | maturog /maˈtuɾoɡ/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ |
| One | unu /unu/ | uno /ˈuno/ | isa /ʔisa/ | usa /usa/ | saro /saɾo/ | maysa /majsa/ | uno /ˈuno/ |
| Two | dos /dos/ | dos /dos/ | duha /duˈha/ | duha /duˈha/ | duwa /duwa/ | dua /duˈa/ | dos /dos/ |
| Three | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | tatlo /ˈtatlo/ | tulo /tuˈlo/ | tulo /tuˈlo/ | tallo /talˈlo/ | tres /tɾes/ |
| Four | kuåtro /ˈkwatɾo/ | cuatro /ˈkwatɾo/ | apat /ˈʔapat/ | upat /ˈʔupat/ | apat /ˈʔapat/ | uppat /ʔupˈpat/ | cuatro /ˈkwatɾo/ |
| Five | lima /ˈlima/ | cinco /ˈsiŋko/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | cinco /ˈsinko/ |
| Hundred | sientu /sjentu/ | cien /sjen/ | gatos /ɡaˈtos/ | gatos /ɡaˈtos/ | gatos /ɡaˈtos/ | sangagasut /saŋaɡaˈsut/ | cien /sjen/ |
| Hello | håfa adai /ˈhɑfa aˈdai/ | buenas /ˈbwenas/ | kamusta /kamusta/ | kumusta /kumusta/ | kumusta /kumusta/ | kablaaw /kablaʔaw/ | hola /ˈola/ |
| Thank you | si yuʼos maʼåseʼ /si juʔos maʔˈɑseʔ/ | gracias /ˈɡɾasjas/ | salamat /salamat/ | salamat /salamat/ | dios mabalos /dios mabalos/ | agyamanak /ʔaɡjamanak/ | gracias /ˈɡɾasjas/ |
| Good | maolek /maolek/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | maayo /maʔajo/ | maayo /maʔajo/ | marhay /maɾhaj/ | naimbag /naʔimˈbaɡ/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ |
| New | nuebu /ˈnwebu/ | nuevo /ˈnwebo/ | bag-o /ˈbaɡʔo/ | bag-o /ˈbaɡʔo/ | bago /ˈbaʔɡo/ | baro /baˈɾo/ | nuevo /ˈnweβo/ |
| Red | agagaʼ /aɡaˈɡaʔ/ | colorao /koloˈɾaw/ | pula /puˈla/ | pula /puˈla/ | pula /puˈla/ | nalabaga /nalaˈbaɡa/ | rojo /ˈroxo/ |
| White | åpakaʼ /ɑpakaʔ/ | blanco /ˈblaŋko/ | maputi /mapuˈtiʔ/ | puti /puˈti/ | puti /puˈti/ | puraw /puˈɾaw/ | blanco /ˈblaŋko/ |
| Black | åtilong /ɑtiloŋ/ | negro /ˈneɡro/ | itom /iˈtom/ | itom /iˈtom/ | itom /iˈtom/ | nangisit /naŋiˈsit/ | negro /ˈneɣɾo/ |
| Green | betde /ˈbetde/ | verde /ˈberde/ | berde /ˈbɛrde/ | berde /ˈbɛrde/ | berde /ˈbɛrde/ | berde /ˈbɛrde/ | verde /ˈbeɾðe/ |
| Blue | åsut /ɑsut/ | azul /aˈsul/ | asul /aˈsul/ | asul /ʔaˈsul/ | asul /aˈsul/ | asul /aˈsul/ | azul /aˈsul/ |
| Computer | kompiuta /komˈpiuta/ | — | kompyuter /komˈpjutɛr/ | kompyuter /komˈpjutɛr/ | kompyuter /komˈpjutɛr/ | kompiuter /komˈpjutɛr/ | computadora /komputaˈðoɾa/ |
| Tea | cha /tʃa/ | cha /tʃa/ | tsa /tʃa/ | tsa /tʃa/ | tsa /tsa/ | tsa /tʃa/ | té /te/ |
| Coffee | kafé /kaˈfe/ | cafe /kaˈfe/ | kape /kaˈpe/ | kape /kaˈpe/ | kape /kaˈpe/ | kape /kaˈpe/ | café /kaˈfe/ |
| Sugar | asukat /aˈsukat/ | azucar /aˈsukar/ | kalamay /kalamaj/ | asukar /ʔaˈsukar/ | asukar /ʔaˈsukar/ | asukar /ʔaˈsukar/ | azúcar /aˈsukaɾ/ |
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