Avañe'ẽ

Guaraní

Tupian

FamilyTupian Speakers~6.5M ScriptLatin CountriesParaguay, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil Official inParaguay (alongside Spanish), Bolivia, Argentina (regional) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3grn

Guaraní (Avañe’ẽ) belongs to the Tupi–Guaraní branch of the Tupian family. The Guaraní macrolanguage code is ISO 639-3: grn, while Paraguayan Guaraní has the individual code gug; related Guaraní varieties in Bolivia, Argentina, and Brazil are distinct and should not all be treated as one standard. Paraguay’s 1992 Constitution makes Guaraní and Castilian official languages, and Paraguayan Guaraní is widely used by Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in conversation, broadcasting, education, and literature. Its agglutinative grammar marks person on verbs and includes an active–stative alignment pattern, while nasal harmony can affect vowels, consonants, and affixes across a word. Standard spelling uses a Latin-based alphabet with letters such as ñ and diacritics for nasal vowels; contact with Spanish produces a broad range of mixed usage often called Jopara, rather than one sharply bounded variety.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Guaraní

Water

y

ɨ

Fire

tata

tata

Sun

kuarahy

kwaɾahɨ

Moon

jasy

dʒasɨ

Star

mbyja

mbɨˈdʒa

Night

pyhare

pɨhaɾe

Rain

ama

ˈama

Snow

yrypyʼa veve

ɨɾɨpɨʔa veve

Wind

yvytu

ɨvɨˈtu

Earth

yvy

ɨvɨ

Stone

ita

iˈtaʔ

Mountain

yvyty

ɨʋɨˈtɨ

Sea

para

paˈɾa

Mother

sy

sɨ

Father

túva

tuva

Daughter

tajýra

taˈdʒɨɾa

I

che

ʃe

You

nde

nde

We

ñande / ore

ɲãnde / oɾe

Name

téra

ˈtera

Person

yvypóra

ɨʋɨˈpoɾa

Head

akã

aˈkã

Eye

tesa

tesa

Ear

nambi

nãmbi

Nose

tĩ

tĩ

Mouth

juru

dʒuˈɾu

Tooth

tãi

tãj

Tongue

kũ

kũ

Hand

po

po

Foot

py

pɨ

Heart

pyʼa

pɨʔa

Bone

kangue

kãŋɡwe

Blood

tuguy

tuɣɨ

Poop

tepoti

tepoti

Love

hayhu

haɨhu

Tree

yvyra

ɨvɨɾa

Dog

jagua

dʒaɡwa

Cat

mbarakaja

mbaɾakadʒa

Fish

pira

piɾa

Bird

guyra

ɡʷɨɾa

Butterfly

panambi

panaˈmbi

Egg

rupiʼa

ɾupiʔa

Bear

óso

ˈoso

Horse

kavaju

kaʋaˈdʒu

House

óga

oɡa

Milk

kamby

kambɨ

Honey

eirete

eiɾeˈte

Salt

juky

dʒuˈkɨ

Wine

víno

ˈʋino

Rice

arro

aˈro

Chocolate

chokora

ʃokoˈɾa

Iron

itakandua

itakanˈdua

Wheel

rruéda

ruˈeda

Silk

séda

ˈseda

Book

aranduka

aɾanduˈka

Eat

karu

kaˈɾu

Drink

yʼu

ɨʔu

Sleep

ke

ke

One

peteĩ

peteĩ

Two

mokõi

mokõĩ

Three

mbohapy

mbohaˈpɨ

Four

irundy

iɾuˈdɨ

Five

po

po

Hundred

sa

sa

Hello

mbaʼéichapa

mbaʔeitʃapa

Thank you

aguyje

aɡuɨdʒe

Good

porã

poɾã

New

pyahu

pɨaˈhu

Red

pytã

pɨtã

White

morotĩ

moɾoˈtĩ

Black

hũ

hũ

Green

hovyũ

hoʋɨˈʔũ

Blue

hovy

hoʋɨ

Cuckoo

anó

aˈno

Computer

mohendaha

mohendaˈha

Sushi

súchi

ˈsuʃi

Tea

te

te

Coffee

kafe

kafe

Sugar

asuka

asuka

Orange

narã

naˈɾã

Ninety-nine

porundypa porundy

poɾudɨpa poɾudɨ

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Tupian

Meaning GuaraníMbyá GuaraníTupinambáNheengatuArgentine SpanishUruguayan SpanishAndalusian Spanish
Water y /ɨ/ y /ɨ/ ʼy /ʔɨ/ ií /iˈʔi/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/ agua /ˈaɣwa/
Fire tata /tata/ tata /taˈta/ tatá /taˈta/ tatá /tata/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/ fuego /ˈfweɣo/
Sun kuarahy /kwaɾahɨ/ kuaray /kʷaɾaˈɨ/ kuarasy /kwaɾaˈsɨ/ kuarasi /kwaɾasi/ sol /sol/ sol /sol/ sol /sɔl/
Moon jasy /dʒasɨ/ jaxy /ʒaˈʃɨ/ iasy /jaˈsɨ/ yasi /jasi/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/ luna /ˈluna/
Star mbyja /mbɨˈdʒa/ jaxy tata /ʒaʃɨ taˈta/ jasytata /jasɨtaˈta/ yasytatá /jasɨtaˈta/ estrella /esˈtɾeʃa/ estrella /esˈtɾeʒa/ estrella /ehˈtɾeʝa/
Night pyhare /pɨhaɾe/ pytũ /pɨtũ/ pytuna /pɨtuna/ pituna /pituna/ noche /ˈnotʃe/ noche /ˈnotʃe/ noche /ˈnotʃe/
Rain ama /ˈama/ oky /okɨ/ amana /amaˈna/ amana /amana/ lluvia /ˈʒuβja/ lluvia /ˈʒuβja/ lluvia /ˈʝuβja/
Snow yrypyʼa veve /ɨɾɨpɨʔa veve/ yroʼy apĩgue /ɨɾoʔɨ apĩŋɡwe/ amanarypyʼoka /ãmãnaɾɨpɨˈʔɔka/ — nieve /ˈnjeβe/ nieve /ˈnjeβe/ nieve /ˈnjeβe/
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Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Guaraní
Che hotél rovake jaguarendápe ahechakue ao porã añemonde haguã aipota
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 で 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
我 想 试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 里 看到的 那套西装
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

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