Lëtzebuergesch
Luxembourgish
Germanic (West)
Luxembourgish (Lëtzebuergesch) is a West Germanic language classified within Moselle Franconian, spoken primarily in Luxembourg. In 1984 it was declared the national language of Luxembourg, alongside French and German, which remain the country's administrative (official) languages, with French serving as the language of legislation. The language has ~400,000 native speakers and is also spoken in surrounding regions of Belgium, France, and Germany. IPA transcriptions are provided without brackets per the request format. One word (eye/Auge) lacks documented IPA in accessible sources and is marked as undocumented.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Luxembourgish
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Germanic (West)
| Meaning | Luxembourgish | Luxembourgish German | German | Kölsch | Austrian German | Swiss Standard German | Luther-era German |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | Waasser /ˈvaːsɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /vasɐ/ | Wasser /ˈvasər/ | Wasser /ˈvasːər/ |
| Fire | Feier /ˈfɑɪ̯ɐ/ | Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ | Feuer /fɔɪ̯ɐ/ | Füer /fyːɐ/ | Feuer /fɔɪɐ/ | Feuer /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ | Fewr /ˈfɔɪ̯ər/ |
| Sun | Sonn /zon/ | Sonne /zɔnə/ | Sonne /zɔnə/ | Sonn /zɔn/ | Sonne /sɔnə/ | Sonne /ˈsɔnə/ | Sonne /ˈzɔnə/ |
| Moon | Mound /məʊ̯nt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ | Mond /moːnt/ |
| Star | Stär /ʃtɛːɐ/ | Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ | Stern /ʃtɛʁn/ | Stään /ʃtɛːn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ | Stern /ʃtɛrn/ |
| Night | Nuecht /nuəχt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Naach /naːx/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ | Nacht /naxt/ |
| Rain | Reen /ʁeːn/ | Regen /ˈʁeːɡn̩/ | Regen /ˈʁeːɡn̩/ | Räje /ˈʁɛːjə/ | Regen /ˈreːɡn̩/ | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ | Regen /ˈreːɡən/ |
| Snow | Schnéi /ʃnɜɪ̯/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnei /ʃnaɪ/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ | Schnee /ʃneː/ |
| Wind | Wand /vɑnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnd/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ | Wind /vɪnt/ |
| Earth | Äerd /ɛːɐt/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Ääd /ɛːt/ | Erde /eːɐdə/ | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ | Erde /ˈeːrdə/ |
| Stone | Steen /ʃteːn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ | Stein /ʃtaɪn/ |
| Mountain | Bierg /biə̯ɕ/ | Berg /bɛʁk/ | Berg /bɛʁk/ | Berch /bɛʁɕ/ | Berg /bɛɐk/ | Berg /bɛrk/ | Berg /bɛrk/ |
| Sea | Mier /miə̯ɐ̯/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | Meer /meːɐ/ | Meer /meːɐ̯/ | Meer /meːr/ | Meer /meːr/ |
| Mother | Mamm /mɑm/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Moder /moːdɐ/ | Mutter /mʊtɐ/ | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ | Mutter /ˈmʊtər/ |
| Father | Papp /pɑp/ | Vater /faːtɐ/ | Vater /faːtɐ/ | Vatter /fatɐ/ | Vater /ˈfaːtɐ/ | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ | Vater /ˈfaːtər/ |
| Daughter | Duechter /ˈduəχtɐ/ | Tochter /tɔxtɐ/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtɐ/ | Dochter /dɔxtɐ/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtɐ/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ | Tochter /ˈtɔxtər/ |
| I | ech /ɛç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪɕ/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ | ich /ɪç/ |
| You | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | do /doː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ | du /duː/ |
| We | mir /miːɐ̯/ | wir /viːɐ̯/ | wir /viːɐ̯/ | mir /miɐ/ | wir /viːɐ/ | wir /viːr/ | wir /viːr/ |
| Name | Numm /num/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ | Name /ˈnaːmə/ |
| Person | Mënsch /mənʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Minsch /mɪnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ | Mensch /mɛnʃ/ |
| Head | Kapp /kɑp/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Kopp /kɔp/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Kopf /kɔpf/ | Heubt /hɔɪ̯pt/ |
| Eye | A /aː/ | Auge /aʊ̯ɡə/ | Auge /aʊ̯ɡə/ | Auch /aʊx/ | Auge /ˈaʊ̯ɡə/ | Auge /ˈaʊɡə/ | Aug /aʊk/ |
| Ear | Ouer /ˈəʊ̯ɐ/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Uhr /uːɐ/ | Ohr /oːɐ̯/ | Ohr /oːr/ | Ohr /oːr/ |
| Nose | Nues /nuəs/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ | Nas /nas/ | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ | Nase /ˈnaːsə/ | Nase /ˈnaːzə/ |
| Mouth | Mond /mont/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Muul /muːl/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ | Mund /mʊnt/ |
| Tooth | Zant /tsant/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zang /tsaŋ/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ | Zahn /tsaːn/ |
| Tongue | Zong /tsoŋ/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zung /tsʊŋ/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ | Zunge /ˈtsʊŋə/ |
| Hand | Hand /hɑnt/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hant/ | Hand /hɑnt/ | Hand /hant/ | Handt /hant/ |
| Foot | Fouss /fou̯s/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Foß /foːs/ | Fuß /fuːs/ | Fuss /fuːs/ | Fus /fuːs/ |
| Heart | Häerz /hɛːɐts/ | Herz /hɛʁts/ | Herz /hɛʁts/ | Hätz /hɛts/ | Herz /hɛɐts/ | Herz /hɛrts/ | Hertz /hɛrts/ |
| Bone | Schank /ʃɑŋk/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knoche /ˈknɔxə/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Knochen /ˈknɔxən/ | Bein /baɪn/ |
| Blood | Blutt /blut/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blot /bloːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ | Blut /bluːt/ |
| Poop | Kacka /ˈkɑkaː/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Driss /dʁɪs/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Kacke /ˈkakə/ | Dreck /drɛk/ |
| Love | Léift /lɜɪ̯ft/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Leev /leːf/ | Liebe /liːbə/ | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ | Liebe /ˈliːbə/ |
| Tree | Bam /baːm/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Boum /baʊm/ | Baum /baʊ̯m/ | Baum /baʊm/ | Bawm /baʊm/ |
| Dog | Hond /hont/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hongk /hoŋk/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ | Hund /hʊnt/ |
| Cat | Kaz /kaːts/ | Katze /katsə/ | Katze /katsə/ | Katz /kats/ | Katze /kɑtsə/ | Katze /ˈkatsə/ | Katze /ˈkatsə/ |
| Fish | Fësch /fəʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fesch /fɛʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ | Fisch /fɪʃ/ |
| Bird | Vull /ful/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vugel /fʊɡəl/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡl̩/ | Vogel /ˈfoːɡəl/ |
| Butterfly | Päiperlek /ˈpæːɪ̯pɐlek/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | — | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtɐlɪŋ/ | Schmetterling /ˈʃmɛtərlɪŋ/ | — |
| Egg | Ee /eː/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ei /ai/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ei /aɪ/ | Ey /aɪ̯/ |
| Bear | Bier /biə̯ɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːɐ/ | Bär /bɛːɐ̯/ | Bär /bɛːr/ | — |
| Horse | Päerd /pɛːɐt/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | Pääd /pɛːt/ | Pferd /pfeːɐ̯t/ | Pferd /pfeːrt/ | Pferd /pfeːrt/ |
| House | Haus /hæːʊ̯s/ | Haus /haʊ̯s/ | Haus /haʊ̯s/ | Huus /huːs/ | Haus /haʊs/ | Haus /haʊs/ | Hauß /haʊs/ |
| Milk | Mëllech /ˈmələç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milesch /ˈmɪləʃ/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ | Milch /mɪlç/ |
| Honey | Hunneg /ˈhunəç/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪç/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪç/ | Honnich /ˈhɔnɪɕ/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ | Honig /ˈhoːnɪk/ |
| Salt | Salz /zalts/ | Salz /zalts/ | Salz /zalts/ | Salz /zalts/ | Salz /salts/ | Salz /salts/ | Saltz /zalts/ |
| Wine | Wäin /væɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wing /vɪŋ/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ | Wein /vaɪ̯n/ |
| Rice | Räis /ʁæːɪ̯s/ | Reis /ʁaɪs/ | Reis /ʁaɪs/ | — | Reis /raɪ̯s/ | Reis /raɪs/ | — |
| Chocolate | Schockela /ˈʃokəlaː/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | Schokolad /ʃokoˈlaːt/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | Schokolade /ʃokoˈlaːdə/ | — |
| Iron | Eisen /ˈɑɪzən/ | Eisen /ˈaɪ̯zn̩/ | Eisen /ˈaɪ̯zn̩/ | Ieser /ˈiːzɐ/ | Eisen /ˈaɪsn̩/ | Eisen /ˈaɪsən/ | Eisen /ˈaɪzən/ |
| Wheel | Rad /ʁaːt/ | Rad /ʁaːt/ | Rad /ʁaːt/ | Rad /ʁaːt/ | Rad /raːt/ | Rad /raːt/ | Rad /raːt/ |
| Silk | Seid /zɑɪ̯t/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ | — | Seide /ˈsaɪ̯də/ | Seide /ˈsaɪdə/ | Seide /ˈzaɪdə/ |
| Book | Buch /buχ/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Booch /boːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ | Buch /buːx/ |
| Eat | iessen /ˈiə̯sən/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | esse /ɛsə/ | essen /ɛsn̩/ | essen /ˈɛsn̩/ | essen /ˈɛsːən/ |
| Drink | drénken /ˈdʁeŋkən/ | trinken /tʁɪŋkn̩/ | trinken /tʁɪŋkn̩/ | drinke /dʁɪŋkə/ | trinken /ˈtrɪŋkn̩/ | trinken /ˈtrɪŋkn̩/ | trincken /ˈtrɪŋkən/ |
| Sleep | schlofen /ˈʃloːfən/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlofe /ˈʃlɔfə/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlafen /ˈʃlaːfn̩/ | schlaffen /ˈʃlafən/ |
| One | een /eːn/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | ein /aɪn/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eins /aɪ̯ns/ | eyn /aɪ̯n/ |
| Two | zwee /tsweː/ | zwei /tsvaɪ/ | zwei /tsvaɪ/ | zwei /tsvai/ | zwei /tsvai/ | zwei /tsvaɪ̯/ | zwey /tsvaɪ/ |
| Three | dräi /dʁæːɪ̯/ | drei /dʁaɪ̯/ | drei /dʁaɪ̯/ | dree /dʁeː/ | drei /draɪ̯/ | drei /draɪ̯/ | drei /draɪ/ |
| Four | véier /ˈfəɪ̯ɐ/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | veer /feːʁ/ | vier /fiːɐ̯/ | vier /fiːr/ | vier /fiːr/ |
| Five | fënnef /ˈfənəf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fönnef /ˈfœnəf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünf /fʏnf/ | fünff /fʏnf/ |
| Hundred | honnert /ˈhonɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndɐt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ | hundert /ˈhʊndərt/ |
| Hello | Moien /ˈmoɪ̯ən/ | Hallo /haloː/ | Hallo /haloː/ | Tach /tax/ | Servus /zɛɐvʊs/ | Hallo /haˈloː/ | Gott zum Gruß /ɡɔt tsʊm ɡruːs/ |
| Thank you | merci /ˈmɛʁsiː/ | danke /daŋkə/ | danke /daŋkə/ | Dankeschön /daŋkəʃøːn/ | danke /daŋkə/ | danke /ˈdaŋkə/ | Danck /daŋk/ |
| Good | gutt /ɡut/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | joot /joːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ | gut /ɡuːt/ |
| New | nei /nɑɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nøʏ/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | neu /nɔɪ̯/ | new /nɔɪ̯/ |
| Red | rout /ʁəʊt/ | rot /ʁoːt/ | rot /ʁoːt/ | rud /ʁuːt/ | rot /roːt/ | rot /roːt/ | rot /roːt/ |
| White | wäiss /væɪ̯s/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | wieß /viːs/ | weiß /vaɪs/ | weiss /vaɪs/ | weis /vaɪ̯s/ |
| Black | schwaarz /ʃwaːts/ | schwarz /ʃvaʁts/ | schwarz /ʃvaʁts/ | schwatz /ʃvats/ | schwarz /ʃvarts/ | schwarz /ʃvarts/ | schwartz /ʃvarts/ |
| Green | gréng /ɡʁɛːŋ/ | grün /ɡʁyːn/ | grün /ɡʁyːn/ | jröön /jʁøːn/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grün /ɡryːn/ | grün /ɡryːn/ |
| Blue | blo /bloː/ | blau /blaʊ̯/ | blau /blaʊ̯/ | blau /blɔu/ | blau /blaʊ/ | blau /blaʊ/ | — |
| Cuckoo | Guckuck /ˈɡukuk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | — | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | Kuckuck /ˈkʊkʊk/ | gukuk /ˈɡʊkʊk/ |
| Computer | Computer /komˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /komˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtɐ/ | Computer /kɔmˈpjuːtər/ | Rechenmeister /ˈrɛçənˌmaɪstər/ |
| Sushi | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈzuːʃi/ | Sushi /ˈzuːʃi/ | Sushi /ˈzuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | Stockfisch /ˈʃtɔkfɪʃ/ |
| Tea | Téi /tɜɪ̯/ | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | Tee /teː/ | — |
| Coffee | Kaffi /ˈkafi/ | Kaffee /ˈkafe/ | Kaffee /ˈkafeː/ | Kaffe /ˈkafə/ | Kaffee /kaˈfeː/ | Kaffee /ˈkafe/ | — |
| Sugar | Zocker /ˈtsokɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkɐ/ | Zucker /ˈtsʊkər/ | — |
| Orange | Orange /oˈʁãːʒ/ | Orange /oˈʁãːʒə/ | Orange /oˈʁãːʒə/ | Appelsin /apəlˈsiːn/ | Orange /oˈraːnʒə/ | Orange /oˈraŋʒə/ | — |
| Dopamine | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | Dopamin /dopaˈmiːn/ | — |
| At sign | — /—/ | Klammeraffe /ˈklamɐˌʔafə/ | Klammeraffe /ˈklamɐʔˌafə/ | — | Klammeraffe /ˈklamɐʔˌafə/ | — | — |
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