Mi'kmawi'simk
Mi'kmaq
Algic (Algonquian, Eastern)
Mi'kmaq (Mi'kmawi'simk, sometimes Micmac) is an Eastern Algonquian language of the Mi'kmaq people of the Canadian Maritimes (Mi'kma'ki) and northern Maine. Polysynthetic with productive verb morphology. Historically used the Mi'kmaw hieroglyphic script (developed by Catholic missionaries from earlier indigenous mnemonic glyphs and used 1670s–early 20th c.) — one of very few pre-Columbian-era logographic writing traditions in North America. Today written in the Smith-Francis Latin orthography (1980).
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Mi'kmaq
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Algic (Algonquian, Eastern)
| Meaning | Mi'kmaq | Munsee | Maliseet-Passamaquoddy | Menominee | Ojibwe | Cree | Plains Cree |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | samqwan /samɣʷan/ | mpíi /mbiː/ | samaqan /samakʷan/ | nepāew /nəpaːew/ | nibi /nibi/ | ᓂᐱᕀ /nipij/ | ᓂᐱᕀ /nipij/ |
| Fire | puktew /buktew/ | lúhsuw /luhsuw/ | sqot /skʷot/ | eskotēw /eskoteːw/ | ishkode /iʃkode/ | ᐃᐢᑯᑌᐤ /iskoteːw/ | ᐃᐢᑯᑌᐤ /iskoteːw/ |
| Sun | nakuʼset /naɡuːset/ | kíishux /kiːʃux/ | kisuhs /kisuhs/ | kēsoq /keːsoʔ/ | giizis /ɡiːzis/ | ᐲᓯᒼ /piːsim/ | ᐲᓯᒼ /piːsim/ |
| Moon | tepgunset /depkunzet/ | nipáhum /nipahum/ | nipawset /nipawset/ | tepāhkēsoq /tepaːhkeːsoʔ/ | dibik-giizis /dibik ɡiːzis/ | ᑎᐱᐢᑳᐏ ᐲᓯᒼ /tipiskaːwi piːsim/ | ᑎᐱᐢᑳᐃᐧᐲᓯᒼ /tipiskaːwi piːsim/ |
| Star | kloqoej /ɡəloxowetʃ/ | alaánkw /alaːŋkʷ/ | possesom /pəsːesɒm/ | anaeq /anæʔ/ | anang /anaŋ/ | ᐊᒑᐦᑯᐢ /atʃaːhkos/ | ᐊᒑᐦᑯᐢ /acaːhkos/ |
| Night | welaʼgw /welaːɡʷ/ | piskeew /piskeːw/ | nipayiw /nipajiw/ | tepāhkeh /tepaːhkeh/ | dibik /dibik/ | ᑎᐱᐢᐠ /tipisk/ | ᑎᐱᐢᐠ /tipisk/ |
| Rain | kikpesan /ɡikpesan/ | — | — | — | gimiwan /ɡimiwan/ | ᑭᒥᐘᐣ /kimiwan/ | ᑭᒥᐘᐣ /kimiwan/ |
| Snow | wastew /wastew/ | koon /koːn/ | wast /wast/ | kōn /koːn/ | goon /ɡoːn/ | ᑰᓇ /koːna/ | ᑰᓇ /koːna/ |
| Wind | wjuʼsn /utʃuʔsn/ | — | — | — | noodin /noːdin/ | ᔫᑎᐣ /joːtin/ | ᔫᑎᐣ /joːtin/ |
| Earth | maqamikew /maxamiɡew/ | — | ktahkomiq /ktahkomikʷ/ | ahkēw /ahkeːw/ | aki /aki/ | ᐊᓯᐢᑭᕀ /asiskij/ | ᐊᓯᐢᑭᕀ /asiskij/ |
| Stone | kunʼtew /ɡunədew/ | asun /əsən/ | ponapsq /ponapskʷ/ | aqsan /aʔsan/ | asin /aˈsin/ | ᐊᓯᓂᕀ /asinij/ | ᐊᓯᓂᕀ /asinij/ |
| Mountain | kmʼtn /ɡəmdən/ | — | woc /wotʃ/ | wacēw /watʃeːw/ | wajiw /wadʒiw/ | ᐘᒋᕀ /watʃij/ | ᐘᒋᕀ /wacij/ |
| Sea | ktaʼn /əktaːn/ | — | supeq /supekʷ/ | kaeqcekam /kæʔtʃekam/ | gichigami /ɡitʃiɡami/ | ᑭᐦᒋᑲᒥᕀ /kihtʃikamij/ | ᑭᐦᒋᑲᒥᕀ /kihcikamij/ |
| Mother | gijuʼ /ɡidʒuː/ | nkáhees /ŋkaheːs/ | wikuwossit /wikuwossit/ | nekīah /nekiːah/ | nimaamaa /nimaːmaː/ | ᓂᑲᐎᕀ /nikaːwij/ | ᓂᑳᐃᐧ /nikaːwij/ |
| Father | nujj /nudʒː/ | nóoxw /noːxw/ | mihtaqsit /mihtakʷsit/ | nōhnāeh /noːhnaːeh/ | indede /indede/ | ᓄᐦᑖᐎᕀ /noːhtaːwij/ | ᓅᐦᑖᐃᐧ /noːhtaːwij/ |
| Daughter | ntus /ndus/ | — | ntus /ntus/ | — | indaanis /indaːnis/ | ᓂᑖᓂᐢ /nitaːnis/ | ᓂᑖᓂᐢ /nitaːnis/ |
| I | niʼn /niːn/ | nii /niː/ | nil /nil/ | nenah /nɛnah/ | niin /niːn/ | ᓂᔭ /nija/ | ᓂᔭ /nija/ |
| You | kiʼl /kiːl/ | kii /kiː/ | kil /kil/ | kenah /kɛnah/ | giin /ɡiːn/ | ᑭᔭ /kija/ | ᑭᔭ /kija/ |
| We | kinu / ninen /kinu / ninen/ | kiilóona / niilóona /kiːloːna / niːloːna/ | kilun / nilun /kilun / nilun/ | kenaq / nenaq /kɛnaʔ / nɛnaʔ/ | giinawind / niinawind /ɡiːnawind / niːnawind/ | ᑭᔭᓈᓇᐤ / ᓂᔭᓈᐣ /kijaːnaw / nijanaːn/ | ᑭᔭᓈᓇᐤ / ᓂᔭᓈᐣ /kijaːnaw / nijanaːn/ |
| Name | wisun /wisun/ | wiinzuwaakan /wiːnzuwaːkan/ | wisuwon /wisəwɒn/ | -esian /ɛsian/ | izhinikaazowin /iʒinikaːzowin/ | ᐏᐦᐅᐎᐣ /wiːhowin/ | ᐑᐦᐅᐏᐣ /wiːhowin/ |
| Person | mimajuinu /mimadʒuinu/ | — | pomawsuwin /pomawsuwin/ | — | anishinaabe /aniʃinaːbe/ | ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐤ /ajisijiniw/ | ᐊᔨᓯᔨᓂᐤ /ajisijiniw/ |
| Head | unji /unːdʒi/ | — | woniyakon /wonijakon/ | — | oshtigwaan /oʃtiɡwaːn/ | ᒥᐢᑎᒁᐣ /mistikwaːn/ | ᒥᐢᑎᒁᐣ /mistikwaːn/ |
| Eye | ugpugugw /ukpuɡuɡʷ/ | wíikšiit /wiːkʃiːt/ | ʼsisoq /sisokʷ/ | oskēsek /oskeːsek/ | oshkiinzhig /oʃkiːnʒiɡ/ | ᒥᐢᑮᓯᐠ /miskiːsik/ | ᒥᐢᑮᓯᐠ /miskiːsik/ |
| Ear | uksʼtuaqan /uksəduaxan/ | — | ʼcalokoss /tʃalokos/ | — | otawag /otawaɡ/ | ᒥᐦᑕᐘᑲᕀ /mihtawakaj/ | ᒥᐦᑕᐘᑲᕀ /mihtawakaj/ |
| Nose | uksisqon /uksisxon/ | — | wihton /wihton/ | — | ojaanzh /odʒaːnʒ/ | ᒥᐢᑭᐘᐣ /miskiwan/ | ᒥᐢᑭᐘᐣ /miskiwan/ |
| Mouth | uktun /uktun/ | — | ʼtun /tun/ | — | odoon /odoːn/ | ᒥᑑᐣ /mitoːn/ | ᒥᑑᐣ /mitoːn/ |
| Tooth | nipit /nipit/ | nipit /nipit/ | wipit /wipit/ | wēpet /weːpet/ | wiibid /wiːbid/ | ᒦᐱᐟ /miːpit/ | ᒦᐱᐟ /miːpit/ |
| Tongue | ninnu /ninːu/ | wilanew /wilanew/ | wilol /wilol/ | tēnaniw /teːnaniw/ | denaniw /denaniw/ | ᒥᑌᔭᓂᕀ /miteːjanij/ | ᒥᑌᔭᓂᕀ /miteːjanij/ |
| Hand | ugpitn /ukpidən/ | mléelii /mleːliː/ | ʼpihtin /pihtin/ | onehkeh /onehkeh/ | ninij /ninidʒ/ | ᒥᒋᐦᒋᕀ /mitʃihtʃij/ | ᒥᒋᒋᕀ /micicij/ |
| Foot | ukwat /uɡʷat/ | nzíit /nziːt/ | ʼsit /sit/ | osēt /oseːt/ | nizid /nizid/ | ᒥᓯᐟ /misit/ | ᒥᓯᐟ /misit/ |
| Heart | ukamlamun /uɡamlamun/ | ulehyii /ulehjiː/ | moshun /moshun/ | otēh /oteːh/ | odeʼ /odeʔ/ | ᒥᑌᐦ /miteːh/ | ᒥᑌᐦ /miteːh/ |
| Bone | waqantew /waxantew/ | wakan /wakan/ | skonis /skonis/ | ohkan /ohkan/ | okan /okan/ | ᒥᐢᑲᐣ /miskan/ | ᒥᐢᑲᐣ /miskan/ |
| Blood | maltew /maltew/ | mokw /mokʷ/ | pokahkon /pokahkon/ | meskoh /mɛskoh/ | miskwi /miskwi/ | ᒥᐦᑯ /mihko/ | ᒥᐦᑯ /mihko/ |
| Poop | miʼjan /miːdʒan/ | — | mickon /mitʃkon/ | — | moow /moːw/ | ᒣᔨ /meːji/ | ᒣᔨ /meːji/ |
| Love | kesalk /ɡesalɡ/ | ahóoluw /ahoːluw/ | kseltom /kseltom/ | kesāenemāew /kesaːenemaːew/ | zaagiʼiwewin /zaːɡiʔiweːwin/ | ᓵᑭᐦᐃᐍᐏᐣ /saːkihiweːwin/ | ᓵᑭᐦᐃᐍᐃᐧᐣ /saːkihiweːwin/ |
| Tree | mitiʼs /midiːs/ | hìttuk /hitːuk/ | opos /opos/ | metekoh /metekoh/ | mitig /mitiɡ/ | ᒥᐢᑎᐠ /mistik/ | ᒥᐢᑎᐠ /mistik/ |
| Dog | lmuʼj /lmuːdʒ/ | mwáakaneew /mwaːkaneːw/ | olomuss /olomuss/ | anēm /aneːm/ | animosh /animoʃ/ | ᐊᑎᒼ /atim/ | ᐊᑎᒼ /atim/ |
| Cat | gajuewj /ɡadʒuewtʃ/ | póshiis /poʃiːs/ | psuwis /psuwis/ | — /—/ | gaazhagens /ɡaːʒaɡens/ | ᒥᓅᐢ /minoːs/ | ᒥᓅᐢ /minoːs/ |
| Fish | nmeʼj /nmeːdʒ/ | names /names/ | nomehs /nomehs/ | namēs /nameːs/ | giigoonh /ɡiːɡõː/ | ᑭᓄᓭᐤ /kinoseːw/ | ᑭᓄᓭᐤ /kinoseːw/ |
| Bird | sisip /sisip/ | awehléeshoosh /awehleːʃoːʃ/ | sips /sips/ | — | bineshiinh /bineʃĩː/ | ᐱᔦᓰᐢ /pijeːsiːs/ | ᐱᔦᓰᐢ /pijeːsiːs/ |
| Butterfly | mimikes /mimikes/ | — | amakehs /amakehs/ | mīmīkwǣw /miːmiːkwæːw/ | memengwaa /memeŋɡwaː/ | ᑲᒫᒪᐠ /kamaːmak/ | ᑲᒫᒪᑯᐢ /kamaːmakos/ |
| Egg | waʼw /waːw/ | wáhwal /wahwal/ | wawon /wawon/ | — | waawan /waːwan/ | ᐚᐎ /waːwi/ | ᐚᐏ /waːwi/ |
| Bear | muiʼn /muiːn/ | maxkw /maxkʷ/ | muwin /muwiːn/ | awǣhsaeh /awæːhsæh/ | makwa /makwa/ | ᒪᐢᑿ /maskwa/ | ᒪᐢᑿ /maskwa/ |
| Horse | teʼsipow /teːzibow/ | — | ahahs /ahahs/ | — | bebezhigooganzhii /bebeʒiɡoːɡanʒiː/ | ᒥᐢᑕᑎᒼ /mistatim/ | ᒥᐢᑕᑎᒼ /mistatim/ |
| House | wikuom /wiɡuom/ | wíikwam /wiːkwam/ | wikuwam /wikuwam/ | wīkewam /wiːkewam/ | wiigiwaam /wiːɡiwaːm/ | ᐚᐢᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ /waːskahikan/ | ᐚᐢᑲᐦᐃᑲᐣ /waːskahikan/ |
| Milk | mlakejk /mlaɡedʒk/ | — | molaqs /molakʷs/ | — | doodooshaaboo /doːdoːʃaːboː/ | ᑐᐦᑑᓵᐳᕀ /tohtoːsaːpoj/ | ᑐᐦᑑᓵᐳᕀ /tohtoːsaːpoj/ |
| Honey | amuapu /amuabu/ | — | amuwesipom /amuwesipom/ | — | aamoo-ziinzibaakwad /aːmoː ziːnzibaːkwad/ | ᐋᒨᓰᐦᒋᑲᐣ /aːmoːsiːhtʃikan/ | ᐋᒧᐤ ᒣᔨ /aːmow meːji/ |
| Salt | salawei /salawei/ | shíiwang /ʃiːwaŋ/ | salawey /salawej/ | sēwehtākan /seːwehtaːkan/ | zhiiwitaagan /ʒiːwitaːɡan/ | ᓰᐑᐦᑖᑲᐣ /siːwiːhtaːkan/ | ᓰᐑᐦᑖᑲᐣ /siːwiːhtaːkan/ |
| Wine | moqopaʼq /moxobaːx/ | — | meqpahak /mekʷpahak/ | — | mazhoominaaboo /maʒoːminaːboː/ | ᓲᒥᓈᐳᕀ /soːminaːpoj/ | ᓲᒥᓈᐳᕀ /soːminaːpoj/ |
| Rice | tuliʼjeweieʼl /duliːdʒewejeːl/ | — | aptelomultinewey /aptelomultinewej/ | manōmaeh /manoːmæh/ | waabi-manoomin /waːbi manoːmin/ | ᐚᐸᔫᒥᐣ /waːpajoːmin/ | ᐚᐸᔫᒥᐣ /waːpajoːmin/ |
| Iron | qasawoʼq /xasawoːx/ | — | olonahq /olonahkʷ/ | — | biiwaabik /biːˈwaːbik/ | ᐲᐚᐱᐢᐠ /piːwaːpisk/ | ᐲᐚᐱᐢᐠ /piːwaːpisk/ |
| Wheel | kiwtoʼqiaq /kiwdoːɡiax/ | — | wahkaliqs /wahkalikʷs/ | — | detibised /detibised/ | ᐅᑎᐦᑎᐱᐸᔨᐤ /otihtipipajiw/ | ᑎᐦᑎᐱᐸᔩᐢ /tihtipipajiːs/ |
| Silk | lapliʼsikn /labəliːsiɡən/ | — | — | — | zenibaawegin /zenibaːweɡin/ | ᓭᓂᐹᓀᑭᐣ /seːnipaːneːkin/ | ᓭᓂᐹᓀᑭᐣ /seːnipaːneːkin/ |
| Book | wiʼkatikn /wiːɡadiɡən/ | — | wikhikon /wikhikon/ | masēnahekan /maseːnahekan/ | mazinaʼigan /mazinaʔiɡan/ | ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐃᑲᐣ /masinahikan/ | ᒪᓯᓇᐦᐃᑲᐣ /masinahikan/ |
| Eat | mijjit /mitʃːit/ | mit /mit/ | mitsu /mitsu/ | mīcew /miːtʃew/ | wiisini /wiːsini/ | ᒦᒋᓱᐤ /miːtʃisow/ | ᒨᐍᐤ /moːweːw/ |
| Drink | esamqwat /esamxʷat/ | mneew /mneew/ | lossomu /lossomu/ | menew /menew/ | minikwe /minikwe/ | ᒥᓂᐦᐠᐌᐤ /minihkweːw/ | ᒥᓂᐦᑴᐤ /minihkweːw/ |
| Sleep | nepat /nebat/ | — | — | nepāw /nepaːw/ | nibaa /nibaː/ | ᓂᐹᐤ /nipaːw/ | ᓂᐹᐤ /nipaːw/ |
| One | newt /newt/ | ngwútii /ŋɡwutiː/ | pesq /peskʷ/ | nekot /nekot/ | bezhig /beʒiɡ/ | ᐯᔭᐠ /peːjak/ | ᐯᔭᐠ /peːjak/ |
| Two | taʼpu /taːbu/ | niisha /niːʃa/ | nis /nis/ | nīs /niːs/ | niizh /niːʒ/ | ᓃᓱ /niːso/ | ᓃᓱ /niːso/ |
| Three | siʼst /siːst/ | nxáh /nxaːh/ | nihi /nihi/ | nɛʔniw /nɛʔniw/ | niswi /niswi/ | ᓂᐢᑐ /nisto/ | ᓂᐢᑐ /nisto/ |
| Four | neʼw /neːw/ | néewa /neːwa/ | new /new/ | nīw /niːw/ | niiwin /niːwin/ | ᓀᐓ /neːwo/ | ᓀᐓ /neːwo/ |
| Five | naʼn /naːn/ | náalan /naːlan/ | nan /nan/ | nyānan /njaːnan/ | naanan /naːnan/ | ᓂᔮᓇᐣ /nijaːnan/ | ᓂᔮᓇᐣ /niːjaːnan/ |
| Hundred | kaskʼptnnaqan /ɡaskəptənːaxan/ | nkwətaːpóxkə /nkwətaːpoxkə/ | ʼqotatq /kʷotatkʷ/ | — | ingodwaak /inɡodwaːk/ | ᒥᑖᑕᐦᑐᒥᑕᓇᐤ /mitaːtahtomitanaw/ | ᒥᑖᑕᐦᑐᒥᑕᓇᐤ /mitaːtahtomitanaw/ |
| Hello | kweʼ /kweː/ | hé /heː/ | qey /kʷej/ | posoh /posoh/ | boozhoo /boːʒoː/ | ᑖᓂᓯ /taːnisi/ | ᑖᓂᓯ /taːnisi/ |
| Thank you | welaʼlin /welaːlin/ | wanìshi /waniʃi/ | woliwon /woliwon/ | wāēwāēnen /waːeːwaːeːnen/ | miigwech /miːɡʷetʃ/ | ᑭᓇᓈᐢᑯᒥᑎᐣ /kinanaːskomitin/ | ᐦᐊᕀ ᐦᐊᕀ /haj haj/ |
| Good | keluʼlk /ɡeluːlɡ/ | weltóok /weltoːk/ | woli /woli/ | menwāewen /menwaːewen/ | mino /mino/ | ᒥᔫ /mijoː/ | ᒥᔼᓯᐣ /mijwaːsin/ |
| New | pilei /bilei/ | — | pileyu /pileju/ | — | oshki /oʃki/ | ᐅᐢᑳᔨ /oskaːji/ | ᐅᐢᑳᔨ /oskaːji/ |
| Red | megweʼg /meɡweːɡ/ | maxkeew /maxkeːw/ | mqeyu /mkʷeju/ | mɛhkon /mɛhkon/ | miskwaa /miskwaː/ | ᒥᐦᒁᐤ /mihkwaːw/ | ᒥᐦᒁᐤ /mihkwaːw/ |
| White | wapeʼk /wabeːɡ/ | waapeew /waːpeːw/ | wapeyu /wapeju/ | — | waabishkaa /waːbiʃkaː/ | ᐚᐱᐢᑳᐤ /waːpiskaːw/ | ᐚᐱᐢᑳᐤ /waːpiskaːw/ |
| Black | maqtaweʼg /maxtaweːɡ/ | — | mokoseweyu /mokoseweju/ | — | makadewaa /makadewaː/ | ᑲᐢᑭᑌᐚᐤ /kaskiteːwaːw/ | ᑲᐢᑭᑌᐚᐤ /kaskiteːwaːw/ |
| Green | stoqonamuʼk /əstoxonamuːɡ/ | — | — | — | ozhaawashkwaa /oʒaːwaʃkwaː/ | ᐊᐢᑭᐦᑕᒁᐤ /askihtakwaːw/ | ᐊᐢᑭᐦᑕᒁᐤ /askihtakwaːw/ |
| Blue | ewneʼg /ewneːɡ/ | — | musqonocihte /muskʷonotʃihte/ | — | ozhaawashkwaa /oʒaːwaʃkwaː/ | ᓰᐱᐦᒁᐤ /siːpihkwaːw/ | ᓰᐱᐦᒁᐤ /siːpihkwaːw/ |
| Tea | pʼtewei /pədewej/ | — | ti /ti/ | — | aniibiish /aniːbiːʃ/ | ᓂᐦᑎᕀ /nihtij/ | ᓂᐦᑎᕀ /nihtij/ |
| Sugar | sismoʼqon /sismoːxon/ | — | sukol /sukol/ | — | ziinzibaakwad /ziːnzibaːkwad/ | ᓰᐏᓂᑲᐣ /siːwinikan/ | ᓰᐏᓂᑲᐣ /siːwinikan/ |
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