ខ្មែរបុរាណ

Old Khmer

Austroasiatic (Khmeric) · historical / hidden variety

FamilyAustroasiatic (Khmeric) SpeakersExtinct ScriptPre-Angkorian and Angkorian Khmer script (Brahmi-derived; oldest dated 611 CE) CountriesFunan, Chenla, Khmer Empire (modern Cambodia, parts of Thailand, Laos, Vietnam) Official inKhmer Empire (Angkor period, 802-1431 CE) Vitalityextinct ISO 639-3okz

Old Khmer is the language of the Khmer Empire's stone inscriptions and palm-leaf manuscripts from the 7th to 14th centuries CE — covering the pre-Angkorian Funan and Chenla periods through the Angkor Empire (802-1431) of Jayavarman II to Suryavarman II (Angkor Wat builder, r.1113-1150) and Jayavarman VII (Bayon, Angkor Thom). The earliest dated Khmer inscription is K.557 from Angkor Borei (611 CE). Old Khmer was non-tonal, with consonant clusters lost in modern Khmer and a richer vowel system. The shift from Old to Middle Khmer (~14th c.) involved register split following devoicing of voiced obstruents. Contains heavy Sanskrit loanwords from the Indian-influenced Hindu-Buddhist royal culture.

Where it is spoken

Wear this language Pick the words you like, printed in the same typeface the map uses. Make a T-shirt from Old Khmer words →

87 core words in Old Khmer

Water

ទឹក

dɪk

Fire

ភ្លើង

wlɤːŋ

Sun

ព្រះអាទិត្យ

wrah ʔaˈdɪt

Moon

ខែ

kʰae

Star

ផ្កាយ

pkaːj

Night

យប់

jɔp

Rain

ផ្លេង

pʰleːŋ

Wind

ខ្យល

kʰjɔl

Earth

ភូមិ

pʰuːmi

Stone

ថ្មោ

tʰmɔː

Mountain

វ្នំ

ʋnam

Mother

មាតា

maːtaː

Father

បិតា

pitaː

I

អញ

ʔaɲ

You

ឯង

ʔeːŋ

We

យើង

jɤːŋ

Name

ជ្មុះ

cmuəh

Person

មនុឞ្យ

manuʂja

Head

កបាល

kapaːl

Eye

ភ្នែក

wnɛːk

Ear

ច្រច្យក

crəciːək

Nose

ច្រមុះ

crəˈmʊh

Mouth

មត

mat

Tooth

ធ្មេញ

tʰmiɲ

Tongue

អណ្ដាត

ʔandaːt

Hand

ហស្ត

hast

Foot

ជើង

ɟɤːŋ

Heart

ហ្ឫទ័យ

hridəj

Bone

ឆ្អឹង

cʰʔəŋ

Blood

ឈាម

cʰiəm

Love

ស្នេហា

snɛːh

Tree

ដើមឈើ

daəm tʃʰəː

Dog

ឆ្កែ

cʰkɛː

Cat

ឆ្មា

tʃʰmaː

Fish

ត្រី

triː

Egg

ពង

pɔːŋ

Horse

សេះ

seh

House

គេហ

keːh

Milk

ក្ឞីរ

kʰsiːr

Honey

មធុ

madʰuː

Salt

អំប្យល

ʔamɓiəl

Rice

តន្ទុល

ɗandʊl

Iron

តេក

ɗɛːk

Wheel

ចក្រ

cak

Silk

សូត្រ

suːt

Eat

ស៊ី

siː

Drink

ផឹក

pʰɪk

Sleep

ដេក

ɗeːk

One

ឯក

ʔaek

Two

វ្យរ

ʋiər

Three

បិ

pi

Four

បួន

ɓuːən

Five

ប្រំ

pram

Hundred

សត

sat

Hello

សួស្តី

swaˈsɗiː

Thank you

អនុមោទនា

ʔanumoːtəna

Good

ល្អ

lʔɑː

New

ថ្មី

tʰmiː

Red

ក្រហម

krahom

White

ស

sɔː

Black

ខ្មៅ

kmau

Sushi

ប្រហុក

prɑhok

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Austroasiatic (Khmeric)

Meaning Old KhmerKhmerNorthern KhmerPedagogical PaliPaliSanskritProto-Austroasiatic
Water ទឹក /dɪk/ ទឹក /tɨk/ ទឹក /tɨʔ/ udaka /udaka/ उदक /udaka/ जलम् /dʑalam/ *ɗaːk /ɗaːk/
Fire ភ្លើង /wlɤːŋ/ ភ្លើង /pʰlɤːŋ/ ភ្លើង /pʰlɤːŋ/ aggi /aɡːi/ अग्गि /aɡːi/ अग्निः /aɡniɦ/ *ʔuːs /ʔuːs/
Sun ព្រះអាទិត្យ /wrah ʔaˈdɪt/ ព្រះអាទិត្យ /prĕəh ʔaːtɨt/ ថ្ងៃ /tʰŋaj/ suriya /suɾija/ सुरिय /surija/ सूर्यः /suːɾjaɦ/ *tŋiːʔ /tŋiːʔ/
Moon ខែ /kʰae/ ព្រះចន្ទ /prĕəh cɑn/ ខែ /kʰɛː/ canda /tɕanda/ चन्द /tɕanda/ चन्द्रः /tɕandɾaɦ/ *khe(ː)ʔ /kheːʔ/
Star ផ្កាយ /pkaːj/ ផ្កាយ /pkaːj/ ផ្កាយ /pkaːj/ tārā /ˈtaːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ *smʔaɲ /smʔaɲ/
Night យប់ /jɔp/ យប់ /jup/ យប់ /jop/ ratti /ratti/ रत्ति /ratti/ रात्रिः /raːtriɦ/ *cəːm /cəːm/
Rain ផ្លេង /pʰleːŋ/ ភ្លៀង /pʰliəŋ/ ភ្លៀង /pʰliːɲ/ वुट्ठि /ʋuʈːʰi/ वुट्ठि /ʋuʈːʰi/ वर्षा /ʋarʂaː/ *gmaʔ /ɡmaʔ/
Wind ខ្យល /kʰjɔl/ ខ្យល់ /kʰjɔl/ ខ្យល់ /kʰjɑl/ vāta /ʋaːtɐ/ वात /ʋaːtɐ/ वायुः /ʋaːjuɦ/ *kjɔʔ /kjɔʔ/
Page 1/8

Open the interactive map: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree

Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.

Made by Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap home